手抄報(bào)是模仿報(bào)紙的，單面的，用鋼筆書寫的，可傳閱、也可張貼的小報(bào)。在學(xué)校，手抄報(bào)是第二課堂的一種很好的活動(dòng)形式，和黑板報(bào)一樣，手抄報(bào)也是一種群眾性的宣傳工具。
一、手抄報(bào)的總體構(gòu)思
如何使一張手抄報(bào)在有限的空間內(nèi)，既容納一定的知識(shí)內(nèi)容，版面設(shè)計(jì)又精彩美觀呢?這不單純是技巧問題，對(duì)編者來說，組稿、編輯、排版、插圖、書寫，這是一個(gè)全神貫注、腦手并用的創(chuàng)造過程，是他的文化修養(yǎng)、生活情趣、精神風(fēng)貌和藝術(shù)修養(yǎng)的綜合體現(xiàn)。這對(duì)一個(gè)學(xué)生來說，無疑是發(fā)展個(gè)性才能的廣闊天地。
辦手抄報(bào)，從總體上考慮，首先要確立主題思想。一期手抄報(bào)，版面很有限，要辦出特色，必須在內(nèi)容上突出一個(gè)主題，做到主題突出，又豐富多彩。版面編排和美化設(shè)計(jì)，也要圍繞著主題，根據(jù)主題和文章內(nèi)容決定形式的嚴(yán)肅與活潑，做到形式與內(nèi)容的統(tǒng)一。
二、手抄報(bào)的編排設(shè)計(jì)
手抄報(bào)的編排設(shè)計(jì)，總的要求是：主題明確，版面新穎美觀。
1.版面劃分
先把版面劃分成兩塊，每塊中還可以再分成片。劃分文章塊面時(shí)，要有橫有豎，有大有小，有變化和有對(duì)稱的美。報(bào)頭要放在顯著位置。
2.塊面編排
如不符合原先的劃分，就要將版面塊面安排作必要的調(diào)整;如不能安排下文章，就利用移引、轉(zhuǎn)版的形式等，并用字號(hào)、顏色、花邊與鄰近的文章塊面相區(qū)別。
3.裝飾設(shè)計(jì)
除報(bào)頭按內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)、繪制外，每篇文章的標(biāo)題也要作總體考慮，按文章主次確定每篇文章標(biāo)題的字體、字號(hào)、顏色及橫、豎排位置。文章內(nèi)容以橫排為主，行距大于字距，篇與篇之間適應(yīng)用些題花、插圖、花邊及尾花等穿插其中，起裝飾、活潑片面的作用。
三、手抄報(bào)的書寫
1.標(biāo)題的書寫
主要或重要的文章標(biāo)題，應(yīng)用較醒目、莊重的字樣;文娛消息或次要文章，則可用輕松活潑的字體。同一期或同一版上的各篇文章標(biāo)題，也應(yīng)用不同的字體書寫。標(biāo)題字體應(yīng)比文章內(nèi)容字體大，色彩也應(yīng)加重。標(biāo)題多用美術(shù)字，以楷書、行書、魏書、隸書見多。
2.正文的書寫
字體要清楚、美觀大方，字行間要整齊，字體不宜太小，忌潦草、錯(cuò)字。
四、手抄報(bào)的裝飾美化
主要是用色彩、繪圖等藝術(shù)手段，彌補(bǔ)文字的單調(diào)，給人以生動(dòng)形象、優(yōu)美和諧的美感和啟迪。內(nèi)容包括報(bào)頭、題花、插圖、花邊、尾花和色彩運(yùn)用等。
1.報(bào)頭
它是手抄報(bào)的標(biāo)志，由圖案或畫面和刊名組成。文字上由報(bào)頭名稱、日期和編輯單位等組成。
英語手抄報(bào)例子：
Weddings in The United StatesWeddings in the United States vary as much as the people do. There are church weddings with a great deal of fanfare; there are weddings on mountain-tops with guests barefooted; and there have been weddings on the ocean floor with oxygen tanks for the guests. But many weddings, no matter where or how they are performed, include certain traditional customs.Before a couple is married, they become engaged. And then invitations are sent to those who live nearby, their close friendsand their relatives who live far away. When everything is ready, then comes the most exciting moment.美國人的婚禮美國的國土上
居住著各種各樣的人，他們的婚禮也千差萬別。有熱鬧莊重的教堂婚禮;有在山頂上舉行的婚禮，客人們光著腳陪伴登高;也有在海底舉行的婚禮，客人們戴著氧氣罐跟著入水。但婚禮無論在哪兒舉行或怎樣舉行，總有某些傳統(tǒng)的風(fēng)俗。在舉行婚禮前先要先訂婚，然后發(fā)放請(qǐng)貼給住在附近的人和好朋友以及遠(yuǎn)方的親戚。當(dāng)一切準(zhǔn)備就緒，就該到最激動(dòng)人心的時(shí)刻了。
The wedding itself usually lasts between 20 and 40 minutes. The wedding party enters the church while the wedding march is played. The bride carrying a bouquet enters last with her father who will "give her away". The groom enters the church from a side door. When the wedding party is gathered by the altar, the bride and groom exchange vows. It is traditional to use the words "To have and to hold from this day forward, for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and to cherish, till death do us part[3]". Following the vows, the couple exchange rings. Wearing the wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand is an old custom.
婚禮本身通常進(jìn)行20至40分鐘�；槎Y一行人伴著結(jié)婚進(jìn)行曲進(jìn)入教堂。新娘手持一束鮮花和她的父親最后進(jìn)來，父親要把她交給新郎。而新郎則要從側(cè)門進(jìn)入教堂。當(dāng)婚禮一行人聚集到教堂的祭壇前時(shí)，新娘和新郎互相表達(dá)誓言。常用的結(jié)婚誓言是：“而今而后，不論境遇好壞，家境貧富，生病與否，誓言相親相愛，至死不分離。”宣誓過后，二人交換戒指。通常把戒指戴在左手無名指上，這是一個(gè)古老的風(fēng)俗。
After the ceremony there is often a party, called a "reception" which gives the wedding guests an opportunity to congratulate the newlyweds.The car in which the couple leaves the church is decorated with balloons, streamers and shaving cream. The words "Just Married" are painted on the trunkor back window. The bride and groom run to the car under a shower of rice[4] thrown by the wedding guests. When the couple drives away from the church, friendsoften chasethem in cars, honking and drawing attention to them. And then the couple go on their honeymoon.
禮儀過后，通常會(huì)有宴會(huì)，叫“喜宴”。宴會(huì)給參加婚禮的人一個(gè)向新婚夫婦祝賀的機(jī)會(huì)。新郎新娘乘坐汽車離開教堂，汽車上裝飾有氣球，彩色紙帶、刮須膏之類的東西。“新婚燕爾”幾個(gè)字常寫在汽車后的行李箱上或后玻璃窗上。新娘新郎從婚禮客人撒下的雨點(diǎn)般的生大米中跑向汽車。小兩口兒開車離開教堂時(shí)，朋友們常常開車追趕他們，不停地按喇叭，引他們注意。然后小兩口兒就接著去度蜜月了。
Grooming and Personal Hygiene of AmericansGrooming and personal hygiene have been around for ages. It's hard to imagine a time when people weren't concerned with taking care of their appearance and their bodies. Perhaps these practices started when Adam first took a bath and combed his hair before going on a date with Eve. Or maybe they began when Eve put on some herbal makeup to make herself more beautiful. No matter where they started, grooming and personal hygiene have become an important part of everyone's daily routine.You might think that all modern societies would have the same grooming and personal hygiene practices. After all, doesn't everybody take baths? Most people do recognize the need for hygiene, which is the basis for cleanliness and health-and a good way to keep one's friends. Grooming practices include all the little things people do to make themselves look their best, such as combing their hair and putting on makeup. However, while most modern people agree that these things are important, people in different cultures take care of themselves in different ways.There used to be an old joke in America that people should take a bath once a week, whether they need one or not. In fact, though, Americans generally take a bath-or more commonly, a shower-every day. But in contrast to some cultures, most Americans get their shower in the morning, so they can start the day fresh. And instead of going to a beauty parlor for a shampoo, many Americans prefer to wash and styletheir own hair. So if Americans have a "bad hair day," they have no one to blame but themselves. But most people in America do head for the beauty parlor or barber shop occasionally for a haircut, a perm or just some friendly conversation.Americans are known for having very sensitive noses. In America, "B.O." (body odor) is socially unacceptable. For that reason, Americans consider the use of deodorant or anti-perspirant a must. Ladies often add a touch of perfumefor an extra fresh scent. Men may splash on after-shave lotion or manly-smelling cologne. Another cultural no-no in America is bad breath. Americans don't like to smell what other people ate for lunch-especially onions or garlic. Their solution? Mouthwash, breath mints and even brushing their teeth after meals.Some of the cultural variations in grooming practices result from physical differences between races. Whereas many Asian men have little facial hair, Westerners have a lot. As a result, most American men spend some time each day shaving or grooming their facial hair. Beards and mustaches are common sights in America, although their popularity changes from generation to generation. Most American men who wear facial hair try to keep it nicely trimmed. American women, on the other hand, generally prefer not to be hairy at all. Many of them regularly shave their legs and armpits.Americans put great value on both grooming and personal hygiene. For some people, taking care of themselves has become almost a religion. As the old saying goes, "Cleanliness is next to godliness." Whether or not being clean and well-groomed brings one closer to God, it certainly brings one closer to others. Americans look down on people who don't take care of themselves, or who "let themselves go." To Americans, even if we don't have much to work with, we have to make the best of what we've got.
美國人的儀容整潔與個(gè)人衛(wèi)生儀容整潔和個(gè)人衛(wèi)生的講究已經(jīng)行之有年了。很難想象一個(gè)人們不在乎打理外表和身體清潔的時(shí)代�；蛟S這些衛(wèi)生習(xí)慣始于亞當(dāng)?shù)谝淮蜗丛枋犷^去赴夏娃的約;也可能始于夏娃第一次搽上青草制的化妝品使自己更美麗。無論是從何時(shí)開始的，儀容整潔與個(gè)人衛(wèi)生已經(jīng)成為每個(gè)人生活例行事務(wù)中重要的一部份。你可能以為所有現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中的儀容整潔與衛(wèi)生習(xí)慣都是一樣的。畢竟，不是每一個(gè)人天天都要洗澡的嗎?大部份人的確肯定衛(wèi)生的必要性，它是清潔與健康的基礎(chǔ)，也是維持友誼的好辦法。儀容整潔的工作涵蓋了所有可以使人看起來體面的瑣碎小事，像是梳頭和化妝。雖然大多數(shù)的現(xiàn)代人都同意這些事很重要，但不同文化背景的人打理自己的方法也不一樣。以前在美國有一個(gè)老笑話，說不管人們需不需要，他們至少每個(gè)禮拜該洗一次澡。不過事實(shí)上，美國人每天會(huì)洗一次澡，或者更普遍的作法是每天淋浴一次。但是不同于某些文化習(xí)慣的是，美國人在清晨淋浴，以使他們展開清新的一天。而且美國人不上美容院去洗頭，他們寧可自己洗頭和整理發(fā)型。所以美國人如果有一天頭發(fā)很丑，除了怪自己之外就沒什么好抱怨的了。然而大部份的美國人偶爾會(huì)到美容院或理發(fā)廳去，剪頭發(fā)、燙頭發(fā)，或是去跟人聊聊天。美國人的鼻子是出了名的靈。在美國，體臭在社交上是不被接受的。因此，美國人會(huì)認(rèn)為使用除臭劑或止汗劑是必須的。女士們通常會(huì)再抹點(diǎn)香水以增加清香;男士則拍一些刮胡水或是男性古龍水在臉上。在美國文化里的另一項(xiàng)禁忌是口臭。美國人不喜歡聞別人午餐后留在口中的味道,尤其是洋蔥或大蒜。他們?cè)趺唇鉀Q這問題呢?漱口、吃薄荷糖、甚至飯后刷牙。有些儀容整潔方面的文化差異是源自于種族間生理?xiàng)l件的不同。亞洲男性面部的胡髭長(zhǎng)得并不多，但西方人卻長(zhǎng)得多，因此美國的男性每天得花些時(shí)間去刮除或整理他們的臉毛。在美國，男人在下巴部份或嘴唇上方留胡子是很普通的，不過不同時(shí)代胡子受歡迎的樣式不相同。在美國大部份留胡子的男性都會(huì)試著將胡子修剪整齊，但另一方面，美國女性通常不喜歡毛茸茸的，很多人會(huì)定期地刮除腿部和腋下的毛。美國人非�？粗貎x容整潔與個(gè)人衛(wèi)生。對(duì)某些人而言，打理自己幾乎成了一種信仰，如一句古老的諺語說：清潔是僅次于圣潔第二重要的事。不管整齊清潔是不是能使人更接近上帝，但它的確能拉近與人的距離。美國人輕視那些不在乎打理自己或讓自己隨隨便便就好的人。對(duì)美國人而言，就算我們沒有非常好的先天條件，但至少該盡力將已有的好好發(fā)揮。