春節(jié)英語(yǔ)介紹
Seventh day 初七
The seventh day, traditionally known as renri 人日, the common man's birthday, the day when everyone grows one year older. It is the day when tossed raw fish salad, yusheng, is eaten. This is a custom primarily among the overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia, such as Malaysia and Singapore. People get together to toss the colourful salad and make wishes for continued wealth and prosperity.
For many Chinese Buddhists, this is another day to avoid meat, the seventh day commemorating the birth of Sakra Devanam Indra.
Eighth day 初八
Another family dinner to celebrate the eve of the birth of the Jade Emperor. However, everybody should be back to work by the 8th day. All of government agencies and business will stop celebrating by the eighth day.
Ninth day 初九
The ninth day of the New Year is a day for Chinese to offer prayers to the Jade Emperor of Heaven (天宮) in the Taoist Pantheon. The ninth day is traditionally the birthday of the Jade Emperor. This day is especially important to Hokkiens. Come midnight of the eighth day of the new year, Hokkiens will offer thanks giving prayers to the Emperor of Heaven. Offerings will include sugarcane as it was the sugarcane that had protected the Hokkiens from certain extermination generations ago. Incense, tea, fruit, vegetarian food or roast pig, and paper gold is served as a customary protocol for paying respect to an honored person.
Tenth day 初十
The other day when the Jade Emperor's birthday is celebrated.
亞洲人過(guò)新年
日本——敲鐘一百零八下
日本人以前是過(guò)兩個(gè)新年的，即元旦和春節(jié)，同我國(guó)現(xiàn)在的情況相似。只是到近代才改為過(guò)新歷年。除夕晚上，日本人稱之為“除夜”，除夕，日本人也有守歲的風(fēng)俗，人們一邊吃蕎麥面條，一邊觀看電視臺(tái)為新年編排的節(jié)目，男女歌星獨(dú)唱比賽最受歡迎。午夜時(shí)分，寺廟香煙繚繞，鐘聲齊鳴，而且往往敲一百零八下。據(jù)說(shuō)這是因?yàn)椤斗鸾?jīng)》里有“聞鐘聲，煩惱清”之句。日本人認(rèn)為每敲一下，就會(huì)去掉一種煩惱，敲一百零八下，意味著清除所有的煩惱。鐘聲響后，人們涌向神社和寺廟，燒香拜佛，點(diǎn)簽算命，稱為“初詣”(意即第一次參拜)。據(jù)估計(jì)，每年從午夜到元旦，約有近8000萬(wàn)人參加參拜。元旦早晨，全家從年幼者到年老者依次排列喝屠蘇酒，共嘗青魚子、黑豆以及稍帶甜味的醬油煮小干魚等。據(jù)說(shuō)這些象征吉祥的食物會(huì)帶來(lái)子孫繁榮、身體健康。
日本人稱元旦初一為“正日”，元月1至3日，稱為“三賀日”。在正日，小輩須先去父母那里拜年，向父母問(wèn)安，然后到親友家拜年。按習(xí)慣要吃年糕湯，日本人叫做“御雜煮”。新年里，各戶門口上方往往都拉起一條草繩或用草繩編的圓圈，稱為“注連繩”或“注連飾”。有的還擺上一些松竹，叫做“門松”。許多公司大廈門口和街頭巷口都用松竹梅搭起設(shè)計(jì)新穎、別具一格的牌樓，以示慶賀。人們還將鶴、龜?shù)认笳鏖L(zhǎng)壽的動(dòng)物剪紙貼在住宅內(nèi)外，祈禱平安。同時(shí)還根據(jù)十二生肖，刻個(gè)年肖，相互贈(zèng)送。郵政省還大量發(fā)行繪有年肖的“賀年郵票”。無(wú)論是個(gè)人，還是團(tuán)體之間，互贈(zèng)賀年片成了最熱門的祝賀方式，日本人稱它為“飄舞的風(fēng)箏”，遙致深情。在新年里收到誰(shuí)收到的賀年片多，誰(shuí)就會(huì)感到新的一年前途美好，財(cái)運(yùn)亨通，格外喜悅。新年里，街坊四鄰、親戚朋友、孩子之間拜年的習(xí)慣仍然盛行。見(jiàn)面時(shí)的第一句話就是“恭賀新年”。“紅白歌大賽”——日本人的“春節(jié)晚會(huì)”
新加坡——走親訪友
新加坡除夕時(shí)，孩子們有守歲的習(xí)慣，直至午夜等家長(zhǎng)祭祀神靈和祖先后燃放了鞭炮才就寢。元旦起個(gè)大早，高高興興地從長(zhǎng)輩們那里拿到“紅包”(壓歲錢)。過(guò)年時(shí)，人們愛(ài)吃油炸糯米和紅糖做成的甜年糕。由社團(tuán)組成的舞獅、舞龍隊(duì)沿街表演。男女老幼穿著盛裝，帶上禮品走親訪友。
印度——額上涂紅粉
印度人在除夕前，家家戶戶門前都張貼上各種精美的圖畫。元旦清晨，人們提著精制的小燈，拿著紅粉包，出門向老人和親友拜年，見(jiàn)了面，道了喜，就互相把紅粉涂在前額上。年輕人則把紅墨水裝進(jìn)水槍里，射到親友身上，以表示祝賀新年，吉祥如意。在印度的一些地區(qū)，人們以禁食一天一夜來(lái)迎接新的一年。從元旦凌晨開(kāi)始直到午夜為止。而且在過(guò)年的前五天，各地都要演出印度史詩(shī)《羅摩衍那》(意為羅摩的游行)，扮演史詩(shī)中英雄的人要與紙?jiān)奕?ldquo;作戰(zhàn)”，用點(diǎn)著火的箭射中它，紙巨人便在觀眾的歡呼聲中著火燒毀。
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