很多考生會(huì)認(rèn)為想要讀懂閱讀文章題目就要多背單詞就可以了，那么，考生們應(yīng)該看懂新SAT閱讀中的長(zhǎng)難句呢?下面大家就隨小編一起去了解一下吧!

　　1.經(jīng)典長(zhǎng)難句解析：

　　Since the general civilization of mankind, I believe there are more instances of the abridgment of the freedom of the people by gradual and silent encroachments of those in power, than byviolent and sudden usurpations; but, on a candid examination of history, we shall find that turbulence, violence, and abuse of power, by the majority trampling on the rights of the minority, have produced factions and commotions, which, in republics, have, more frequently than anyother cause, produced despotism.

　　(---The passage is excerpted from aspeech delivered by James Madison. He believed that the Articles of Confederation, the current form of government at that time, should be replaced by the U.S. Constitution.)

　　單詞掃盲：

　　abridgement 刪節(jié);

　　encroachment 侵占(相關(guān)詞匯補(bǔ)充：infringe v.侵犯);

　　usurpation 篡權(quán)、侵占;

　　candid 率直的;

　　turbulence 動(dòng)蕩;

　　abuseof power 濫用權(quán)力;

　　trample 踩/踐踏、侵犯;

　　faction 派系派別(相關(guān)詞匯補(bǔ)充：講到宗教方面的派系用的比較多的是：sect);commotion 喧囂、騷亂;

　　despotism 專(zhuān)制主義;

　　despot 專(zhuān)制君主(相關(guān)的詞匯補(bǔ)充：tyranny暴政、專(zhuān)制國(guó)家tyrant 暴君)

　　剖析句子結(jié)構(gòu)：

　　Since the general civilization of mankind, I believe there aremore instances of the abridgment of the freedom of the people by gradual and silent encroachments of those in power, than by violent and sudden usurpations; but, on a candid examination of history, we shall find that turbulence, violence, and abuse of power, by the majority trampling on the rights of the minority, have produced factions and commotions, which, in republics, have, more frequently than any other cause, produced despotism.

　　對(duì)單詞和句子結(jié)構(gòu)都有了把握之后就不難看出，理解作者看法的關(guān)鍵在于把握這句話中的兩個(gè)”more”:

　　1)侵犯公民自由的過(guò)程往往不是violent and sudden，更多的是gradual and silent。

　　2)abuse of power by the majority trampling on the rights of the minority 導(dǎo)致專(zhuān)制的情況，遠(yuǎn)勝于其他任何原因。

　　總結(jié)一下，即 the author claims that pubic liberty is threatened by the majority’s abuse of power。

　　上面這個(gè)句子的風(fēng)格是新SAT閱讀(History類(lèi))文章中的典型代表。歷史類(lèi)文章不是考察學(xué)生世界歷史，說(shuō)白了基本都是 founding document(建國(guó)文獻(xiàn))，比如聯(lián)邦黨人文集，女權(quán)類(lèi)文章中的節(jié)選。這些文章往往有高階單詞和復(fù)雜的句型。

　　但讓很多同學(xué)在備考過(guò)程中頭疼的問(wèn)題卻往往是：這句話我單詞都(查)認(rèn)識(shí)了，為什么還是不知道作者要說(shuō)什么?

　　2.再來(lái)一句：

　　Those who have quitted the world, and those who are not yet arrived at it, are as remote from each other, as the utmost stretch of mortal imagination can conceive.

　　這句話首先是比較短，其實(shí)是基本沒(méi)有什么難詞生詞。但是大家真的讀明白了嗎?

　　Quit the world的人是哪樣的人? Recluse? Not yet arrived at it的人呢?

　　句子解析：

　　SAT的閱讀并非是對(duì)文本字面意思的考察，而是對(duì)于文本的深度理解。美國(guó)高中生的英文閱讀量是中國(guó)學(xué)生的10倍，而正是這些平時(shí)的閱讀量決定了閱讀的理解深度。

　　所以，我們重新回到上面的句子來(lái)分析(當(dāng)然，大家也不妨聯(lián)系閱讀上下文來(lái)幫助理解)：

　　文章一開(kāi)始就說(shuō)到了：Every age and generation mustbe as free to act for itself, in all cases, as the ages and generationswhich preceded it. The vanity and presumption of governing beyond the grave, isthe most ridiculous and insolent of all tyrannies.

　　粗糙版譯本：在任何情況下，每一代人都理應(yīng)如他們的前人一樣，擁有自由行事的權(quán)利。目空一切地推定自己在死后也可以治理(后人的)事務(wù)是最荒謬蠻橫的暴政。

　　Back to our question: quit the world 的人和 not yet arrived at it 的人指的就是已經(jīng)死去和未出生的兩類(lèi)人。

　　最后reiterate下，詞典和谷歌翻譯能幫大家搞定的文本字面意思，那都不是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的難點(diǎn)。要從容應(yīng)對(duì)SAT考試，學(xué)會(huì)剖析文本并深入理解才是關(guān)鍵。