SAT考試常見形近詞辨析
你想要SAT考試的嗎，下面是YJBYS小編為大家收集的關(guān)于SAT考試常見形近詞辨析，歡迎大家閱讀借鑒!
1. averse vs. adverse
averse : not liking sth; opposed to sth 不喜歡某事物;反對(duì)某事物
E.g. He seems to be averse to hard work.
adverse: not favorable; contrary; hostile 敵對(duì)的，反對(duì)的，不利的
E.g. His health was adversely affected by the climate.
2. adversity vs. adversary
adversity: trouble; unfortunate event不幸，災(zāi)禍
E.g. Mary faces adversity with courage.
adversary: opponent; enemy 對(duì)手，敵人
E.g. He defeated his old adversary in the election.
第1、2組詞是經(jīng)常被混淆的四個(gè)單詞，兩兩組合進(jìn)行對(duì)比，會(huì)給掌握單詞帶來(lái)更高的精準(zhǔn)度。
3. antipathy vs. apathy
antipathy: strong or deep dislike 反感;厭惡;憎惡
E.g. He showed a marked antipathy to foreigners.
apathy: lack of interest; indifference 缺乏興趣;漠不關(guān)心
E.g. My parents do not feel apathy about the election.
這一組詞大家可以用詞根詞綴發(fā)來(lái)區(qū)別，path-作為詞根是“情感”的意思，anti-作為前綴是“相反，對(duì)抗”，而a-是“不、無(wú)、非”的意思，相關(guān)單詞有sympathy, empathy等。
4. derive vs. deride
derive: originate from sth; get sth from sth源自，源于;得到獲取
E.g. Thousands of English words derive from Latin.
deride: mock sb/sth 嘲笑，嘲弄
E.g. They derided his effort as childish.
derisive這個(gè)單詞出現(xiàn)在閱讀中經(jīng)常被當(dāng)做是derive的形容詞性理解，其實(shí)是deride的形容詞，意思為“嘲笑的，嘲弄的”，例如derisive laughter。
5.exhausted vs. exhaustive
exhausted: very tired 精疲力盡的
E.g. After a ten-mile hike, everybody is exhausted.
exhaustive: very thorough; complete 詳盡的;徹底的
E.g. Police make an exhaustive research.
6. imprudent vs. impudent
imprudent: not wise or discreet不智的;不謹(jǐn)慎的;輕率的
E.g. It would be imprudent (of you) to resign from your present job before you are offered another.
impudent: very rude and disrespectful 粗魯?shù)?放肆的;無(wú)禮的;不尊重的
E.g. Tom is an impudent child who never listens to his parents.
在記這組詞之前，最好先記住prudent這個(gè)單詞，它本身就是“謹(jǐn)慎的，審慎的”意思，在其加上im-這個(gè)表否定含義的前綴，意思就很容易得出了。
7. callow vs. callous
callow: immature and inexperienced 既不成熟又無(wú)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的;乳臭未乾的`
callous: cruelly insensitive or unsympathetic 冷酷無(wú)情的;無(wú)同情心的
8. congenial vs. congenital
congenial: (of people) pleasing because of similarities in temperament, interests, etc ; agreeable(指人)(因性情、志趣等相近)彼此合得來(lái)的，意氣相投的;適合自己性格的
E.g. I find this aspect of my job particularly congenial.
congenital: (of diseases, etc) present from or before birth (指疾病等)天生的，先天的
E.g. We should not deride people who have congenital defects.
9. intelligent vs. intelligible
intelligent: smart, educated 聰明的，智能的，智力的
intelligible: that can be (easily) understood 可(易)理解的
E.g. That’s totally a muddled explanation which was scarcely intelligible.
10. impassive vs. impassioned
impassive: showing no sign of feeling 無(wú)表情的，無(wú)動(dòng)于衷的
E.g. The accused sat impassively as the judge sentenced him to ten years in prison.
impassioned: showing strong deep feeling 充滿激情的;熱烈的
E.g. He made an impassioned plea for mercy.
同第3組詞相似的地方是這一組詞里面含有pass-表“情感”含義的詞根，im-表“不無(wú)、非”，所以impassive就是“無(wú)表情的，無(wú)動(dòng)于衷的”意思。而后者中含有的“passion”其本身就是“激情，熱情”的意思。
11. adapt vs. adept
adapt: make sth suitable for a new use, situation, etc; modify sth 使某事物適合於新的用途﹑情況等;修改某事物
E.g. These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.
adept: expert or skilful in (doing) sth 對(duì)(做)某事物內(nèi)行的，熟練的
E.g. She’s adept at growing roses.
這一組詞中adapt也經(jīng)常容易與adopt混淆，adopt意思為“采納，收養(yǎng)”。
12. indigent vs. indigenous
indigent : poor 貧窮
indigenous: native 土生土長(zhǎng)的，當(dāng)?shù)氐?/p>
E.g. Kangaroos are indigenous to Australia.
13. presumptive vs. presumptuous
presumptive: based on reasonable belief; probable基于合理之推測(cè)的;可能的
E.g. It is absurd that he was sentenced to death based on presumptive evidence.
presumptuous: too bold or self-confident 膽大妄為的，專橫的
E.g. Would it be presumptuous of me to ask you to contribute?
14. ingenious vs. ingenuous
ingenious: (of a person) clever at finding new or simple solutions for complex problems; original in design(指人)善于用新的或簡(jiǎn)單的方法解決復(fù)雜問(wèn)題的;設(shè)計(jì)獨(dú)特精巧的
E.g. So you fitted that wire through that little hole there: that's very in genious!
ingenuous: open, innocent 坦率的，不隱瞞的，天真的
E.g. That kid gives me an ingenuous smile.
這一組詞，可以利用另外兩個(gè)單詞幫助記憶：genius和genuine。前者意思為“天才”后者意思為“真的，真誠(chéng)的，非人造的”。ingenious從發(fā)音和詞形上與genius相近，而ingenuous 和genuine 相近。
15. discreet vs. discrete
discreet: careful or showing good judgment in what one says or does; not too obvious 言談舉止謹(jǐn)慎的;言行審慎的;不顯眼的
E.g. I should make a few discreet enquirers about the firm before you sign anything.
discrete: separate; distinct 分離的;截然分開的
E.g. Those are a series of discrete events.
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