托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典【大全15篇】
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典1
新托�？荚嚨淖詈笠徊糠质菍�(xiě)作，要求考生寫(xiě)2篇文章，第一篇叫做綜合寫(xiě)作(Integrated writing)，讓考生用3分鐘時(shí)間先讀一篇約250字的文章，然后聽(tīng)一段2分鐘關(guān)于對(duì)所讀內(nèi)容的評(píng)論。再讓考生寫(xiě)一篇150到225個(gè)字的文章。這篇文章的寫(xiě)作滿分詳解及滿分模板作者早已給出。
第二篇作文叫獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作，和筆考、機(jī)考均無(wú)兩樣，給定考生一熟悉的話題，讓考生在30分鐘內(nèi)寫(xiě)一篇300字的文章。典型的問(wèn)法是：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement- One should never judge a person by external appearance. Use specific reasons and details to support you answer。不少同學(xué)又跟筆者要獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作滿分詳解及滿分模板。實(shí)際上獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作詳解和模板筆者在很多年前便給出了模板，但不知何故網(wǎng)上和筆者的電腦中再也尋不著。只有提起筆來(lái)結(jié)合筆者再次參加新托福考試的經(jīng)驗(yàn)給各位同學(xué)重新總結(jié)新托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作模板和高分寫(xiě)作技巧。
評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1：effectively addresses the writing topic and task。
要求考生有效地闡明主題，考生千萬(wàn)不要跑題。從筆者的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)看，考生全部跑題現(xiàn)象較少，但是局部跑題現(xiàn)象十分嚴(yán)重，這也是考生不能輕取高分的緣故。
評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2：well organized and well developed
邏輯條理清楚，發(fā)展充分。每次作者在講寫(xiě)作時(shí)總是把它和閱讀相對(duì)照。各位考生要想拿到獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作滿分必須真正理解八股文的結(jié)構(gòu)，千萬(wàn)不要寫(xiě)中國(guó)式的八股文，而應(yīng)寫(xiě)出美式八股文。
評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)3：uses specific details and examples to support you view 。
考生的論據(jù)一定要具體、明確，且對(duì)論點(diǎn)有支持作用，而不能空洞和泛泛而談。
評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)4：displays language facility by demonstrating syntactic variety, word choice and idiom。
(通過(guò)譴詞造句和習(xí)慣表達(dá)來(lái)展示語(yǔ)言的熟練程度)這一點(diǎn)是各位考生經(jīng)常忽視， 迷惘和不清楚的一點(diǎn)。新托福作文占總分120分的30分。我們對(duì)大家的要求是在作文上花的`時(shí)間既要少又要拿高分，至少28分。凡是想拿到28分甚至滿分以上的同學(xué)一定要注意此項(xiàng)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。能用first千萬(wàn)不要用firstly，能用finally千萬(wàn)不要用last but not least. 不少同學(xué)花了很多功夫背這一外國(guó)人都不用的詞組，能用常用的詞千萬(wàn)不要用偏詞，同時(shí)我們要熟練掌握ETS喜歡的5大語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和2種從句。
作文要不要寫(xiě)-當(dāng)然要寫(xiě)，但我建議考生不要寫(xiě)的太多，寫(xiě)一篇要像一篇，最好讓行家改2-3篇。我曾經(jīng)碰到一個(gè)學(xué)生把185篇中的184篇均寫(xiě)了。拿給我看，結(jié)果同樣的錯(cuò)誤在184篇均反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，讓我哭笑不得，一問(wèn)才知說(shuō)是老師這么教的。學(xué)托福需要勤奮，但像這種勤奮就等于浪費(fèi)青春歲月。
作文要不要背-最好不要通篇背，可以背一些經(jīng)典的句型。倘若真要背，一定要認(rèn)準(zhǔn)此篇作文是范文的情況下才能背。
這4個(gè)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)哪條更重要-這主要取決于考生對(duì)作文考分的期望值。若要考滿分，此4點(diǎn)均重要。千萬(wàn)不能跑題，一跑題可就是0分了�？荚囐M(fèi)也就白交了。
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典2
一.審題
在托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作考試中，考生應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)審題，如果考生在審題中出現(xiàn)失誤的話，就算考生的論述再清晰，也不會(huì)取得高分的。根據(jù)以往的獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作的題目，前程百利小編認(rèn)為，可以把獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作中的題型分為觀點(diǎn)選擇類，比較對(duì)比類。建議考生在看到題目的時(shí)候，首先把題目通讀1-3遍，著重看在題目中的名詞和動(dòng)詞，如果題目中給出了兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)或者是一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的兩個(gè)方面，要求考生進(jìn)行比較論述并給出個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)，那就是觀點(diǎn)選擇類的題目，比如在TPO1中，問(wèn)考生agree or disagree with the following statement就是觀點(diǎn)選擇題;如果要求考生根據(jù)兩個(gè)對(duì)立的觀點(diǎn)做出選擇就是比較對(duì)比類型的題比如在TPO11中了，讓考生在針對(duì)人們關(guān)于電腦的兩個(gè)不同的認(rèn)知中進(jìn)行選擇就是這類題目。
二.怎樣謀篇布局
在確定題目類型之后，考生就應(yīng)該進(jìn)行謀篇布局了。但是小編認(rèn)為，不管是什么類型的題目，考生在組織論述的時(shí)候都應(yīng)該采用五段式的方式表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，而且需要考生注意的是，在確定論點(diǎn)先后順序的時(shí)候應(yīng)該慎重，要有邏輯性的安排這些論點(diǎn)。比如考生可以按照這些論點(diǎn)的重要性進(jìn)行排列，把最能表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)的部分放在首位，把最不能表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容放在最后一個(gè)自然段進(jìn)行論述;或者考生在安排論點(diǎn)的時(shí)候可以按照范圍的大小來(lái)進(jìn)行排列，總之一定要有邏輯。
1.觀點(diǎn)選擇類
在這個(gè)題目中，考生直接選擇其中的一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)寫(xiě)就可以了，一定要注意不要將在題目中出現(xiàn)的不同的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行對(duì)比，在表明自己觀點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上，考生可以選擇三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行論證，這些論點(diǎn)之間可以是層層遞進(jìn)的關(guān)系，也可以說(shuō)平行關(guān)系，最后再總述論點(diǎn)即可。我們以TPO5為例，如果考生選擇的是不同意這個(gè)People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment-doing things they like to do rather than doing things they should do觀點(diǎn)的話，就可以這樣采用平行的方式展開(kāi)論述。首先現(xiàn)代社會(huì)提倡人們追求自由，越來(lái)越多的人從其中收益了即As the development of democracy, the ideas and behaviors of individual are respected and encouraged to some extent.其次人們這樣選擇并不意味著大家放棄了accountability 即However, spending much time on personal enjoyment does not indicate that people ignore their accountability which should be taken.最后追求個(gè)人的享受，幫助大家去assume the responsibility 。
2. 比較對(duì)比類
在托福寫(xiě)作中的比較對(duì)比型文章中，考生一定要注意選擇其中的一方，不要寫(xiě)中立觀點(diǎn)的文章。在開(kāi)頭的過(guò)程中，考生就要選擇好自己要支持的觀點(diǎn)，做到有效的`回應(yīng)題目，闡明文章主題。在正文部分也就是2-4自然段，在論證的過(guò)程中，考生可以從日常生活中比如家庭，生活，社會(huì)這幾方面進(jìn)行選擇，在論證的過(guò)程中，如果考生并沒(méi)有那些華麗的辭藻可以補(bǔ)充自己的觀點(diǎn)，建議考生選擇直接論證的方式，說(shuō)兩點(diǎn)自己選擇的好處，然后說(shuō)另一個(gè)選項(xiàng)的不好的地方，并且用舉例子的方式來(lái)證明自己的觀點(diǎn)。比如在TPO13中，如果考生認(rèn)為 the extended family is still important就可以從以下來(lái)論述。首先，從家庭的角度來(lái)說(shuō)，人多了可以幫助家里做的事情多了，即One of the important uses of the extended family is to help with family affairs and housework.其次從社會(huì)的角度來(lái)說(shuō)，人多了就意味著家里人可以獲得信息的渠道增多了。Another important thing that extended family can to is to provide information to and educate family members. 最后，說(shuō)小家庭的不好，家庭小了人們?nèi)菀鬃兊霉陋?dú)。In addition, nowadays people tend to live alone with their small care family rather than live with many family members within a big family.
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作考試并不像大家想象中的那么困難，所以考生應(yīng)該在掌掌握以上技巧和方法的基礎(chǔ)上，采用歷年真題不斷練習(xí)，爭(zhēng)取在考試中取得高分!
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典3
1.托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作得5分情況
An essay at this level largely accomplishes all of the following:
●Effectively addresses the topic and task
●Is well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications, and/or details
●Displays unity, progression, and coherence
●Displays consistent facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety, appropriate word choice, and idiomaticity, though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors
2.托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作得4分情況
An essay at this level largely accomplishes all of the following:
●Addresses the topic and task well, though some points may not be fully elaborated
●Is generally well organized and well developed, using appropriate and sufficient explanations, exemplifi-cations, and/or details
●Displays unity, progression, and coherence, though it may contain occasional redundancy, digression, or unclear connections
●Displays facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety and range of vocabulary, though it will probably have occasional noticeable minor errors in structure, word form, or use of idiom-atic language that do not interfere with meaning
3.托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作得3分情況
An essay at this level is marked by one or more of the following:
●Addresses the topic and task using somewhat developed explanations, exemplifications, and/or details
●Displays unity, progression, and coherence, though connection of ideas may be occasionally obscured
●May demonstrate inconsistent facility in sentence formation and word choice that may result in lack of clarity and occasionally obscure meaning
●May display accurate, but limited range of syntactic structures and vocabulary
4.托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作得2分情況
An essay at this level may reveal one or more of the following weaknesses:
● Limited development in response to the topic and task
●Inadequate organization or connection of ideas
●Inappropriate or insufficient exemplifications, explanations, or details to support or illustrate generaliza-tions in response to the task
●A noticeably inappropriate choice of words or word forms
●An accumulation of errors in sentence structure and/or usage
5.托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作得1分情況
An essay at this level is seriously flawed by one or more of the following weaknesses:
●Serious disorganization or underdevelopment
●Little or no detail, or irrelevant specifics, or questionable responsiveness to the task
●Serious and frequent errors in sentence structure or usage
6.托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作得0分情況
An essay at this level merely copies words from the topic, rejects the topic, or is otherwise not con-nected to the topic, is written in a foreign language, consists of keystroke characters, or is blank.
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典4
一個(gè)字眼，一個(gè)是題，心里要滿裝著題目，一個(gè)字一個(gè)標(biāo)點(diǎn)也要看得清清楚楚，不可以有哪怕一個(gè)空格的疏漏。另一個(gè)是破，要對(duì)題目里的每一個(gè)單詞都細(xì)嚼慢咽，深刻理解，讀過(guò)了的詞如百步穿楊，準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤的明了其所指，這也包括該單詞的引申含義，言外之義。
此處將以從OG提供的195道例題中隨機(jī)抽的一題為例，進(jìn)行詳細(xì)示范。
Nowadays, food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improved the way people live？ Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
我們看見(jiàn)了一個(gè)nowadays，指的是現(xiàn)代生活，現(xiàn)今時(shí)代，今年甚至是今天，也就是我們正在每天體驗(yàn)的生活。我們又看到food，今天的人們有什么吃的呢？健康飲食理念者愛(ài)吃生疏加熟粗糧，不健康飲食理念者也有肯德基麥當(dāng)勞。兒童有糖果餅干果凍，大街上隨處都有的買。正規(guī)家居過(guò)日子的人也有各種原料和佐料等著下廚。這個(gè)food指的是什么呢？繼續(xù)看，food has become easier to prepare，有個(gè)比較級(jí)，是要和誰(shuí)比較，比較什么？
從to prepare判斷，原來(lái)是比較準(zhǔn)備出食物的.難易程度，這不可能是和人們還不知為何狀的未來(lái)的食物相比，那么就是和過(guò)去，也就是和傳統(tǒng)食物相比了。這個(gè)比較可以從多種角度入手。
圍繞著現(xiàn)代食物比較容易準(zhǔn)備，我們能夠輕易想到的有：準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間縮短了，食用方式可能改變，營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值可能改變，人們烹調(diào)時(shí)的心情改變，食用心情改變，對(duì)身體的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)影響改變，烹調(diào)方面節(jié)省下來(lái)的時(shí)間可以用在其它方面，導(dǎo)致生活節(jié)奏改變，生活重心改變，長(zhǎng)此以往情趣格調(diào)改變，興趣愛(ài)好改變，乃至性情改變等等等等。
從題目給出的條件，我們得到了這么多可能的后果，那么題目問(wèn)的是什么呢？has this change improved the way people live ？大汗無(wú)語(yǔ)中，從上面的破題結(jié)論看來(lái)，這個(gè)論題有著太多的選擇方向。那么多可以改變的條目，我們選什么做立意之根本呢？請(qǐng)看：新托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作技巧解析之思路立意篇
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典5
動(dòng)靜結(jié)合總相宜
例1：她按時(shí)到校上學(xué)。
動(dòng)態(tài)句：She attends school regularly.
靜態(tài)句：Her attendance at school is regular.
例2：他擁有一所房子。
動(dòng)態(tài)句：He possesses a house.
靜態(tài)句：He is in possession of a house.
技巧小結(jié)：中文習(xí)慣動(dòng)詞占優(yōu)勢(shì)，但是英語(yǔ)里面靜態(tài)詞匯(名詞、介詞、副詞、形容詞等)占優(yōu)勢(shì)。所以在寫(xiě)作時(shí)同學(xué)們應(yīng)該考慮英語(yǔ)句子靜態(tài)特征的表達(dá)。
具體抽象互補(bǔ)足
例3：她的樸素衣著使他顯得更美。
具體句：Her simple dress adds to her beauty.
抽象句：The simplicity of her dress adds to her beauty.
例4：溫暖的.房間使我昏昏欲睡。
具體句：The warm room made me sleepy.
抽象句：The warmth of the room made me sleepy.
技巧小結(jié)：中文表達(dá)重具體，英文表達(dá)重抽象。
物稱人稱相交替
例5: 我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了這個(gè)教訓(xùn)。
人稱主語(yǔ)：
I will neverforget the lesson.
物稱主語(yǔ)：
The lesson willbe rootedin my memory forever.
例6: 不同的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員對(duì)工作有不同的態(tài)度。
人稱主語(yǔ)：
Different team members have different attitudes towards work.
物稱主語(yǔ)：
Attitudes towards work vary from person to person.
技巧小結(jié)：英語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)常用人稱和物稱兩種形式表達(dá)。物稱主語(yǔ)注重“什么事發(fā)生在什么人身上”，人稱主語(yǔ)側(cè)重“什么人怎么樣”。
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典6
對(duì)于托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作來(lái)說(shuō)，雖然模式簡(jiǎn)單，但是需要清晰的論點(diǎn)，明確的論點(diǎn)。所以，對(duì)于我們的邏輯思維也是一種考驗(yàn)。在托福寫(xiě)作中，我們?nèi)绻覀兿胍@取高分，想要讓自己的托福內(nèi)容言之有物，最為重要的就是確立好自己的論點(diǎn)。下面我們就為大家詳細(xì)介紹一下在托福寫(xiě)作中該如何確立自己的觀點(diǎn)。
1，要與論題相匹配。論題問(wèn)的既然是提高生活質(zhì)量與否，一些無(wú)關(guān)緊要的改變就應(yīng)該棄之不用，比如烹調(diào)時(shí)間縮短這一項(xiàng)改變，是事實(shí)，且未對(duì)生活質(zhì)量有直接明顯影響，就應(yīng)該避免用作主要論點(diǎn)。
2，要能言之有物。這是再功利不過(guò)的一條標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。比如我自己提到了食物準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間縮短能讓人性情改變，破題時(shí)覺(jué)得不無(wú)可能，真落筆時(shí)卻不知道由何說(shuō)起，如果選了這一條為一個(gè)主要論點(diǎn)，結(jié)果是我說(shuō)了一句話就走人，那還不如選個(gè)能下筆，能展示語(yǔ)言功底，也能顯示思維縝密的寫(xiě)作方向。
3，選擇的`無(wú)論是2個(gè)還是3個(gè)論點(diǎn)，內(nèi)在一定要有聯(lián)系。這其實(shí)是整個(gè)立意階段的重頭。要立意，就是要明白自己表達(dá)的對(duì)象是什么，明確立場(chǎng)。然后站在這個(gè)立場(chǎng)上，挑選支持自己的論點(diǎn)。
托福寫(xiě)作破題結(jié)束后，第二要做的重要事項(xiàng)便是整理托福行文寫(xiě)作思路。破題過(guò)程其實(shí)是個(gè)發(fā)散思維的過(guò)程，而立意，則是要把思維收回來(lái)，組織化，理清它的脈絡(luò)紋路，讓他們按照自認(rèn)為最有說(shuō)服力的順序排列好，準(zhǔn)備落于紙上的過(guò)程。這個(gè)說(shuō)服力的強(qiáng)弱，應(yīng)該以什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)判斷呢?筆者認(rèn)為，能說(shuō)服讀者的議論，在論點(diǎn)選擇上應(yīng)該遵循一個(gè)原則：
三個(gè)(或者兩個(gè))論點(diǎn)不能在層面上有交叉，但要符合一條明線：支持全文觀點(diǎn)。而最打動(dòng)讀者的論點(diǎn)選擇，不僅遵循上面的原則，三個(gè)看似不交叉的論點(diǎn)間還有一條暗線貫穿一致。令全文渾然天成，回味無(wú)窮。
立意的地一步，按照上面的原則看，當(dāng)然是先確定觀點(diǎn)。以題目為例，筆者愿意選擇否，食物易于準(zhǔn)備降低了人們的生活質(zhì)量。第一步踏出去了。
確定觀點(diǎn)后，破題時(shí)得到的思維方向，明顯不利于我的就應(yīng)該排除。比如營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值改變這一條，雖然速食文化的確對(duì)人體有害，但另一項(xiàng)速食：生疏和熟粗糧，就是向有益方向改變的，兩者勢(shì)均力敵，僅管是很容易想到，也很容易舉例論證的論點(diǎn)，卻不宜使用，因?yàn)槿绱速Q(mào)然用了，有思維不縝密之嫌。然而，這畢竟是一塊好啃的骨頭，如果其他論點(diǎn)都不好論證，還可以回頭撿起這一條來(lái)，隱去健康速食那個(gè)事實(shí)進(jìn)行作文，當(dāng)然，這依然是下下之選。
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典7
托福的寫(xiě)作部分歷來(lái)是中國(guó)考生的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)。正因如此，在寫(xiě)作部分，備考托福想拿高分的同學(xué)們更是不能掉以輕心。在托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作中，想要清晰的確立文章的思路內(nèi)容和主題，最為關(guān)鍵的就是如何寫(xiě)好他的開(kāi)頭。在文章開(kāi)頭的部分，我們又該關(guān)注到哪些問(wèn)題呢？今天結(jié)合實(shí)例著重介紹托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作兩步四句開(kāi)篇法，希望能為大家的托福寫(xiě)作帶來(lái)幫助。
一般來(lái)說(shuō)，開(kāi)篇段落的寫(xiě)作可分為兩大步驟：
第一步就是用簡(jiǎn)潔明了的句子對(duì)原題目的意思進(jìn)行同義替換；
第二步是提出自己的觀點(diǎn)。
這兩大步驟細(xì)化起來(lái)可以概括為四句話：
第一句，采用同義替換的方式對(duì)原題目的意思進(jìn)行更改，當(dāng)然是“形變神不變”；
第二句，對(duì)題目的意思進(jìn)行解釋；
第三句，提出自己的觀點(diǎn)；
第四句，概括自己所提出觀點(diǎn)的理由，引起下文。
下面結(jié)合一些比較容易出錯(cuò)的題目來(lái)解釋“兩大步，四個(gè)句子”的具體運(yùn)用方法。
案例1：誤解原意思。
Do you agree or disagree: Because people are busy with doing so many things, they can do few things well?
Original：
Some people may hold the view that they are able to do things well even if they are busy with doing so many things simultaneously or during a given period. Although plausible at the first glance, I disagree with the statement. Depending on my own personal experience and personality, I firmly maintain that people can do few things well when they are busy with doing so many things. My arguments of this opinion are listed as follows.
解析：
文章第一句話不是對(duì)原題目意思進(jìn)行解釋，而是采用采取了和原意思相反的做法來(lái)進(jìn)行題目詮釋；第二句表明自己對(duì)誤解題目的觀點(diǎn)；第三句話對(duì)自己的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行近一步的解釋；第四句一個(gè)過(guò)渡性的句子。開(kāi)篇內(nèi)容安排倒是很好，但是作者犯了誤解原題目意思的錯(cuò)誤導(dǎo)致后面整個(gè)文字都做了無(wú)用功。
Revised:
When people are engaged in a large extent of work simultaneously, they will not be able to perform all of them perfectly. Just imagine how terrible it will be: too many jobs need to be done by the same person in a given time. Once such a picture appears in my mind, I feel dizzy. To me, it is impossible to do everything well with the limited energy and many others factors .Therefore , I agree with the statement too many things to be done at the same time cause few to be well done . The reasons are as follow.
第一句話對(duì)原題目意思進(jìn)行了很好的詮釋；第二、三句話進(jìn)一步解釋原題目；第四句話提出自己的.觀點(diǎn)；第五句話過(guò)渡性句子引起下文。
案例2 ：語(yǔ)言羅嗦，繞彎子給出自己觀點(diǎn)，浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。
Some young adults want independence from their parents as soon as possible. Other young adults prefer to live with their families for a longer time. Which of these situations do you think is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
Original：
With the development of science and technology, people’s living standard has been improving day by day. According to the family plan, one couple could have only one child. So child becomes the center of the whole family. Some of them are even spoiled. Therefore, I think it is better if the young adult could live independent from their parents as soon as possible.
解析：
這個(gè)開(kāi)頭看似沒(méi)有任何問(wèn)題，但是仔細(xì)分析就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很多問(wèn)題。首先，作者繞了個(gè)大彎才給出自己的觀點(diǎn)。其次，觀點(diǎn)是對(duì)原題目的抄寫(xiě)，改動(dòng)的比較少。最后，開(kāi)篇缺少引起下文的過(guò)渡句。更大的錯(cuò)誤是這個(gè)開(kāi)頭更像是一個(gè)全文主要觀點(diǎn)的一個(gè)分論點(diǎn)。
Revised:
As we all know, some young adults have the sense of independence in a special period so that they want to choose to live apart from their family, while others still choose to stay with parents in the family. Family can provide young adults a warm bay where he or she could turn to whenever any problems arise. However, considering the sound development of the young adult both mentally and physically, I think to live independently the earlier, the better. Independence is a lesson that each of us must face one day. The detailed reasons are listed below.
解析：
第一句話詮釋原題目意思；句話進(jìn)一步解釋第一句話；第三句話提出自己的觀點(diǎn)；第四句話解釋自己的觀點(diǎn)，引出下文。
通過(guò)以上的范例，同學(xué)可能對(duì)這個(gè)方法有了或多或少的理解。還希望同學(xué)們通過(guò)真題演練，更好的掌握這個(gè)技巧。
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典8
托福寫(xiě)作一向是中國(guó)學(xué)生比較頭疼的一個(gè)部分，考生常常感到無(wú)話可說(shuō)，寫(xiě)出來(lái)的句子不是錯(cuò)誤連篇就是空無(wú)一物，完全是中文作文的翻譯版。而事實(shí)上，寫(xiě)作屬于輸出型考試，沒(méi)有大量的輸入，是不可能有高質(zhì)量的輸出的。參加托�？荚嚨暮芏喔咧猩蛘叽髮W(xué)非英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的學(xué)生恰恰缺乏的就是大量的高質(zhì)量的英語(yǔ)輸入。
《新概念英語(yǔ)》系列教材是市面上最暢銷的一套英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)教材。因其作者亞歷山大為英國(guó)著名二語(yǔ)教學(xué)專家，因此所選課文語(yǔ)言地道，用詞精當(dāng)。四本教材難度成梯度上升，其中新概念第三冊(cè)的難度最適合托�？忌男枨�，文章長(zhǎng)度適中，布局謀篇都符合英美人思維方式。所用詞匯都是托福高頻詞匯。雖然辭藻不見(jiàn)得華麗，但遣詞造句之間頗見(jiàn)功力，而將一個(gè)平淡無(wú)奇的常用詞用得傳神恰好是新概念系列教材的精妙之處。因而新概念第三冊(cè)完全可以拿來(lái)為準(zhǔn)備托福的考生使用。
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在論證上提出了三點(diǎn)要求：1、 要有說(shuō)理；2、 要有例子；3 、要有細(xì)節(jié)。這三條標(biāo)準(zhǔn)當(dāng)中，中國(guó)學(xué)生最不缺的就是第一條。一個(gè)沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)任何寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練的考生寫(xiě)出來(lái)的文章往往充滿了說(shuō)理性的語(yǔ)句，并且都表達(dá)著同一個(gè)意思，缺少例子和細(xì)節(jié)，顯得十分蒼白無(wú)力。而一個(gè)接受了一段時(shí)間托福寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練的學(xué)生往往會(huì)在論證當(dāng)中使用舉例說(shuō)明的方法。無(wú)奈這類例子大多為假設(shè)，泛泛而談，語(yǔ)言空洞，很難有說(shuō)服力。事實(shí)上，當(dāng)我們?cè)陂喿x地道的英美人的文章時(shí)，我們就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，英美人的文章中是充滿了細(xì)節(jié)的，而這才是中國(guó)學(xué)生在進(jìn)行論證時(shí)最缺乏的。
細(xì)節(jié)分為兩個(gè)方面，一是語(yǔ)言的細(xì)化，主要體現(xiàn)在用詞的準(zhǔn)確性上，這是需要一段時(shí)間的積累加上特別訓(xùn)練才能達(dá)到的。二是例子的細(xì)化，體現(xiàn)在描述的`細(xì)致性上，要做到這一點(diǎn)，除了刻意加上一些人名地名，顯得描寫(xiě)細(xì)致以外，還需要學(xué)生多看原味英語(yǔ)，細(xì)細(xì)體味。
例如《新概念3》的第44課speed and comfort中描述坐火車的無(wú)聊時(shí)就運(yùn)用了很多細(xì)節(jié)：Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. It is almost impossible to take your mind off the journey. Reading is only a partial solution, for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep. During the day, sleep comes in snatches. At night, when you really wish to go to sleep, you rarely manage to do so. If you are lucky enough to get a sleeper, you spend half the night staring at the small blue light in the ceiling or fumbling to find your ticket for inspection. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted.
在這段當(dāng)中，幾乎沒(méi)有純粹的說(shuō)理，而是一直在描述一個(gè)我們感同身受的場(chǎng)景，細(xì)節(jié)頗多，讓人一看就很有認(rèn)同感。這樣一種細(xì)節(jié)的堆砌無(wú)疑是很多說(shuō)服力的，點(diǎn)滴之間，便讓人信服。
托福的官方指南（official guide）里也凸顯了細(xì)節(jié)的重要性。P264中給出的范文充分說(shuō)明了這一點(diǎn)。這篇文章的作者講了一個(gè)情侶間不相互信任的故事，講得很完整，前因后果都交待清楚。而這篇文章只有一個(gè)分論點(diǎn)，只舉了一個(gè)例子，遣詞造句都很平庸，但是成績(jī)不低，關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)就在于此文對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的描寫(xiě)很到位。
因此我們的學(xué)生在進(jìn)行托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候，要注意對(duì)于be more specific這一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的把握。很多時(shí)候，細(xì)致的例子能夠彌補(bǔ)遣詞造句上的不足。
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典9
The most important leadership quality for CEOS?
For CEOs, creativity is now the most important leadership quality for success in business, outweighing even integrity and global thinking, according to a new study by IBM. The study is the largest known sample of one-on-one CEO interviews, with over 1,500 corporate heads and public sector leaders across 60 nations and 33 industries polled on what drives them in managing their companies in today's world.
Steven Tomasco, a manager at IBM Global Business Services, expressed surprise at this key finding, saying that it is "very interesting that coming off the worst economic conditions they'd ever seen, [CEOs] didn't fall back on management discipline, existing best practices, rigor, or operations. In fact, they [did] just the opposite."
About 60% of CEOs polled cited creativity as the most important leadership quality, compared with 52% for integrity and 35% for global thinking. Creative leaders are also more prepared to break with the status quo of industry, enterprise and revenue models, and they are 81% more likely to rate innovation as a "crucial capability."
Other key findings showed a large disparity between views of North American CEOs and those from other territories.
For example, in North America, 65% of CEOs think integrity is a top quality for tomorrow's leaders, whereas only 29-48% of CEOs in other territories view it as such.
Ironically, while company leaders in North America will bring more integrity to the job, they also expect far more regulation than foreign heads — both presumably reactions to negative public perception and heavy government intervention following the recession. A full 87% anticipate greater government oversight and regulation over the next five years — only 70% of CEOs in Europe hold this opinion, and 50% and 53% in Japan and China, respectively. Meanwhile, nearly double the amount of CEOs in China view global thinking as a top leadership quality, compared with Europe and North America.
The area of focus the regions can all agree on is customer focus: 88% of all CEOs, and an astounding 95% of standout leaders, believe getting closer to the customer is the top business strategy over the next five years.
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典10
1， 觀點(diǎn)明確
觀點(diǎn)是一篇文章的靈魂。如果剛剛準(zhǔn)備作文，看到題目，不知道怎么樣說(shuō)，那么可以先參考李笑來(lái)的范文。一來(lái)看別人是如何闡述自己觀點(diǎn)，二來(lái)也算同時(shí)準(zhǔn)備口語(yǔ)。但是到了后期，一定要看到一個(gè)題目的時(shí)候，能形成自己的觀點(diǎn)，而不是人云亦云。這一點(diǎn)是托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作能夠拿到高分的最重要的因素。
2，邏輯清晰，論據(jù)具體。
托福獨(dú)立作文要求展開(kāi)充分well developed。怎么叫充分展開(kāi)呢，一個(gè)題目，如果表示完全同意或反對(duì)，那么就顯得太極端，太片面，通常只能得到很低的分?jǐn)?shù)。但是簡(jiǎn)單的各打五十大板的做法也不可取。最簡(jiǎn)單的解決辦法就是在照顧平衡的.基礎(chǔ)上有所側(cè)重，也就是說(shuō)，在論述一個(gè)問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，一定要有所傾向，但是對(duì)另外的觀點(diǎn)也要適當(dāng)?shù)闹┕P墨。
除了清晰的邏輯，還需要具體合適的論據(jù)以及例子。天道專家建議考生不要去背別人的例子然后生搬硬套到自己的文章中去。例子不在多，在于是否貼切(appropriate)，有說(shuō)服力的例子一兩個(gè)就足夠了。
3、語(yǔ)言
托福獨(dú)立作文的語(yǔ)言上面達(dá)到以下3個(gè)要求就足夠了：準(zhǔn)確、流暢、豐富。準(zhǔn)確是最基本的，要求考生的文章在拼寫(xiě)、語(yǔ)法、用詞以及搭配上沒(méi)有嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。流暢是指文章整體的行文要一氣呵成，邏輯進(jìn)路清晰可見(jiàn)。在做到準(zhǔn)確、流暢的基礎(chǔ)上，語(yǔ)言的豐富多變是體現(xiàn)一個(gè)考生語(yǔ)言能力的重要指標(biāo)，在同一篇文章里，用詞要盡量避免重復(fù)，適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，可能還要運(yùn)用一些修辭手法。
一篇好的托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作最重要的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是有個(gè)有效的論點(diǎn)，其次是清晰的邏輯，充分展開(kāi)。最后才是語(yǔ)言。只要大家做到這3個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，那么托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作也就不是那么難了。當(dāng)然，這些都不是能在朝夕之間就可以做到的。需要平時(shí)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴的訓(xùn)練與積累。希望本文對(duì)考生的備考生涯有所幫助!
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典11
In current society, according to the survey conducted by a newspaper titled China Daily, the study burden on the shoulder of students is increasingly heavier, which has attracted widespread public attention. When it come to what parents can do to help their children’s study, many people, if not most, are strong believers of the claim that parents should finish their kids’ homework for the purpose of relieving the study pressure. However, as far as I am concerned, parents are supposed to guide their children to complete their homework independently, for having a better command of knowledge imparted in class and cultivating their independent thinking ability.
First and foremost, it is undeniable that finishing homework by themselves can help children better absorb the knowledge they obtained. As is known to all, the purpose of assigning homework to students is to review what they learned in the class. In other words, teachers will view their assignments as a yardstick to evaluate how well their students have absorbed the knowledge. For example, a history teacher may require his students to write a paper about the Independence War after briefly introducing the background and process of this war. Due to the lack of sufficient information about this subject, kids may turn to their parents for help. Some parents may do everything for their children, including collecting data, outlining the whole article and even finishing the paper. However, other parents may just provide some information sources and ask their kid to select relevant information and design the structure of the article. After finishing the paper, those who finish it independently have understood the whole process of Independent War, while those who do not complete by themselves forget what they learned quickly.
Furthermore, it is indisputable that doing assignment independently can foster children’s ability of solving problems on their ow
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典12
提問(wèn)法是以問(wèn)題為導(dǎo)向，引起讀者興趣，引導(dǎo)你的讀者跟隨你的思路走進(jìn)你的'思維世界。請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)下面的例子：
1. There has been undesirable trend in recent years towards the worship of money. A recent survey showed that X percent of respondents ranked getting rich as their top priority， compared to X percent only a few years ago . Why do people fail to realize that wealth does not necessarily bring happiness ?(提問(wèn)法)
2. Should parents spare the rod and spoil the child ? Opinions concerning strict parental discipline vary widely . Some view strict discipline as nothing more than a form of abuse ， while others argue it is an essential factor for instilling appropriate social behavior .(提問(wèn)法)
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典13
一、托福寫(xiě)作字?jǐn)?shù)
為什么說(shuō)是最適宜呢？因?yàn)檫@個(gè)區(qū)間，極容易出滿分；為什么容易出滿分呢？因?yàn)闆](méi)有特別多思維的限制。不需要大家去過(guò)度的考慮節(jié)省文字，也不需要大家過(guò)度的考慮填充文字。大家只要用熟自己的綜合寫(xiě)作模板，做好對(duì)于聽(tīng)力和閱讀內(nèi)容的總結(jié)和適當(dāng)填寫(xiě)，基本上字?jǐn)?shù)就落到了這個(gè)區(qū)間里。如果超出，說(shuō)明細(xì)節(jié)寫(xiě)多了（這個(gè)是會(huì)扣分的，畢竟人家是summary essay要sum up）；如果不足，說(shuō)明要么模板太簡(jiǎn)單，要么內(nèi)容不充分。
獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作中，字?jǐn)?shù)是否重要？
關(guān)于獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作的字?jǐn)?shù)規(guī)范，到現(xiàn)在也沒(méi)有一個(gè)普遍認(rèn)可的標(biāo)度。出現(xiàn)這樣的認(rèn)知差異，歸根到底是起源于獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作發(fā)散的創(chuàng)作本質(zhì)。這跟高考作文字?jǐn)?shù)有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但遵守不嚴(yán)格是一個(gè)道理。創(chuàng)作得當(dāng)、文筆突出、內(nèi)涵豐富的文章，不會(huì)讓字?jǐn)?shù)成為其攔路虎。字?jǐn)?shù)的規(guī)則也正是這些深層寫(xiě)作能力的最直接和簡(jiǎn)單的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。但它并不絕對(duì)，只是具有相對(duì)普遍性。
獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作中，最低字?jǐn)?shù)是？
320字，是大多數(shù)人較為充足的展現(xiàn)四段式結(jié)構(gòu)的最低字?jǐn)?shù)。托福寫(xiě)作中最基礎(chǔ)的要求就是一個(gè)正確的、發(fā)展相對(duì)充分的結(jié)構(gòu)。從操作來(lái)看，320字是大多數(shù)人完成四段寫(xiě)作的最低字?jǐn)?shù)。開(kāi)頭及結(jié)尾50字，中間段落110字。開(kāi)頭結(jié)尾三句話，中間段落6句話，基本可以包括每種段落的所有表達(dá)部分。
二、托福寫(xiě)作評(píng)分
1、切題
在托福寫(xiě)作中，考生所表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)要和題目要求相關(guān)和一致。在行文過(guò)程中，不斷重復(fù)題干關(guān)鍵詞。 寫(xiě)作時(shí)題目中的topic詞匯一定要在文章中出現(xiàn)，除此之外，在寫(xiě)作時(shí)我們也要主要重復(fù)題目中的topics，以避免被機(jī)器判為跑題；一旦判定文章為跑題文章，就很可能會(huì)直接判為零分。寫(xiě)作時(shí)要清楚寫(xiě)出表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的主題句，以及主體段的.主題句。
2、結(jié)構(gòu)完整合理展開(kāi)
托福滿分作文的行文組織要系統(tǒng)，具有明確的邏輯性。字?jǐn)?shù)保持在600字以上，才能考出28分以上的分?jǐn)?shù)。文章一般采用5段式的結(jié)構(gòu)，即：開(kāi)頭、觀點(diǎn)段1、觀點(diǎn)段2、讓步段、結(jié)尾。要有3個(gè)分論點(diǎn)，以及相關(guān)的例證來(lái)支持自己的論點(diǎn)，即例子、細(xì)節(jié)（說(shuō)理或例證）。細(xì)節(jié)一般指的是數(shù)字，或是以大寫(xiě)字母開(kāi)頭的專有名詞。
三、托福寫(xiě)作怎么拿高分
1、內(nèi)容完整準(zhǔn)確。
一般情況下，講座中信息都會(huì)有三點(diǎn)，需要看考生是否有將講座中的關(guān)鍵信息點(diǎn)完整、準(zhǔn)確地提煉出來(lái)（用自己的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)），另外，還需要和閱讀材料的相關(guān)內(nèi)容有效地一一對(duì)應(yīng)。如果講座中的信息點(diǎn)有缺失，那么會(huì)有一定程度的扣分；如果只寫(xiě)了有關(guān)閱讀材料的觀點(diǎn)，得1分。
2、文章組織機(jī)構(gòu)如何，詞匯和語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用是否正確
條理清晰，結(jié)構(gòu)連貫，用詞恰當(dāng)是高分作文的必要條件，考生要確保能夠準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)講座中的觀點(diǎn)與閱讀材料中的觀點(diǎn)是如何相互聯(lián)系的，只要不出現(xiàn)重大的表述性的錯(cuò)誤，比如表述不清，言不達(dá)意等，一些小的語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，如單復(fù)數(shù)問(wèn)題和單詞拼寫(xiě)等，并不會(huì)很影響作文成績(jī)，不過(guò)，還是要盡量避免類似的小錯(cuò)誤。
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典14
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作模板：Agree/Disagree
Some people argue as if it is a general truth that a ...But to be frank, I cannot agree with them. There are numerous reasons why I hold no confidence on them, and I would explore only a few primary ones here.
The main problem with this argument is that it is ignorant o the basic fact that...Explain...
Another reason why I disagree with the above statement is that I believe that...
What is more, some students are interested in...
In a word, ...
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作模板 Agree/Disagree
Some people prefer to A, others believe B, Nowadays some may hold the opinion that ..., but others have a negative attitude. As far as I am concerned, I agree/disagree that... MY arguments for this point are listed as follows.
One of the primary causes is that...
Examples...
But there is a further more subtle point we must consider. Examples.
What is more... Examples...
General speaking ... Recognizing the fact that ...should drive us to conclude that...
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作模板 Agree/Disagree
Nowadays, some may hold the opinion that ... But others have a negative attitude. As far as I am concerned, I agree that ... My arguments for this point are listed as follows.
I agree with the statement that ...without reservation since ...
Another reason why I agree with the above statement is that I believe that...
In a word, ... Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that...
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典15
下面與各位托�？忌窒淼氖仟�(dú)立寫(xiě)作應(yīng)試技巧：
01分配時(shí)間
30分鐘，轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，在托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作上必須要分秒必爭(zhēng)，對(duì)每一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)要了然于胸。動(dòng)筆前3-5分鐘先構(gòu)思，心里要布置一個(gè)框架，寫(xiě)完后需要3-5分鐘檢查。所以實(shí)際的寫(xiě)作時(shí)間只有差不多20分鐘。
02 切題
仔細(xì)閱讀問(wèn)題或者論點(diǎn)，寫(xiě)得再好，如果離題了一切都是扯淡。
03 頭腦風(fēng)暴
在下筆之前要進(jìn)行一兩個(gè)頭腦風(fēng)暴，想一個(gè)最佳切入點(diǎn)去寫(xiě)
04 列提綱
構(gòu)思你的文章，列提綱的時(shí)候不需要面面俱到，有時(shí)甚至連阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字也不需要寫(xiě)，就一行幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵字，寫(xiě)文章的時(shí)候看著這些關(guān)鍵字去展開(kāi)。
05 邏輯性
整篇文章必須是有邏輯性的，一般托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作文章分為3個(gè)部分，第一部分：引入話題，通常就一個(gè)段落，或者幾句話。第二部分：文章主體，通常由2-3個(gè)段落組成。第三部分：總結(jié)，通常也是一個(gè)段落或者幾句話。
06 有理有據(jù)
托福寫(xiě)作切忌只有理論，一定要有理有據(jù)才可以打動(dòng)人。所以每次給出一個(gè)論點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，一定記得要給出一個(gè)相應(yīng)的'實(shí)例。
07 信號(hào)詞
無(wú)論你想表達(dá)的是并列的思想，還是轉(zhuǎn)折的事情，亦或是其他，最好有一個(gè)信號(hào)詞。比如講到遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的時(shí)候，可以用furthermore，what’s more, moreover等。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的可以用However，but，nevertheless等。
08 句式
句式變化要豐富，長(zhǎng)短句結(jié)合，簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)雜句結(jié)合。這樣可以使得整篇文章看起來(lái)錯(cuò)落有致，妙趣橫生。
09 檢查文章
最后關(guān)頭別去想是不是要增加新的論點(diǎn)了。檢查一下有沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤，比如首字母是否大寫(xiě)，拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤，語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，或者標(biāo)點(diǎn)錯(cuò)誤。
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