и~RӛЩܶ~(li)ôkСӛ҅Ŷ
и~RӛҪ
_(d)80-100Ҫ(bio)(zhn)6(j)6000-8000~R
_(d)100Ҫ8000-10000~R
~RĆλʹ҂挦(du)иԇҪ쾚յ
ӛ~
1.xӛ
(yu)c(din)ܽoZ(y)(du)~ӡ
ȱc(din)Dzڶڕr(sh)gɴͻmϽھͅиԇͬW(xu)
]xW(wng)վ
www.economist.com (jng)(j)W(xu)ˡ
www.time.com r(sh)
www.guardian.co.uk/ l(wi)(bo)
https://www.nytimes.com/ ~sr(sh)(bo)
https://www.wsj.com/ A?qng)?bo)
https://www.ft.com/ ڕr(sh)(bo)
tolfex϶(li)Դ@ЩW(wng)վ( ֵxs־(bo)(hu)Ժ(zhun)T(mn)l(f))
ƽr(sh)xҪB(yng)(x)T~Ȧ(f)x(hu)~M˽~ͬxQע~Ƨx(husbandҲЄ(dng)~(ji)֮)
hXеĆ~ܛSr(sh)~P(gun)עͬx~ͷx~
(du)xӛ](mi)̫༼ɿʽҲ˶ֻҪ܈(jin)ÿxի@ڴҲͲ^(gu)B
2.~~Y~ԴĸW(xu)Ҏ(gu)(ҪӛֶĆ~(li)Դڴ)
պҎ(gu)b~_(d)(ji)sܶr(sh)gЧҲſһԎӛ~Ҳoy(c)~x
~~Yӛ~(磺untouchable)
~~Y
prefix(ǰY)——a.϶ b. c.(sh) un-ʾ
suffix(Y)——~ touch v.|
root(~)——x -ableʾ~
(li)untouchable:adj.|o(w)|
eׂ(g)ӣ
regress v.ˣ˲
(gress→to go;progressM(jn)˼re-˼regress˲re-߀һκ෴˼)
ingress v.M(jn)(in- gress)
improvise v.d(chung)
(vis→to see;pro-֮ǰ˼;im-ʾ֮ǰӛ鼴d(chung))
benefactor n.
(-or~Yʾ;fact→to makefactorySmanufactureI(y);bene-õbenefit;µ˼ζ)
~Դ Etymology(ͨ^(gu)˽~ıԴl(shu)(li)ӛ~˼)
磺shelter n.v.yo(h)(ɣxƴ(xi)˼)
-er~̈́(dng)~~ԵĺYsheltdž~Ҫ
~Դһ(g)˶֪Ć~shell n.ؐ
ͨ^(gu)ȥһ(g)loĸt˸׃(shell→shelt)
ͬӵĆ~߀һ(g)shield n.v.o(h)(eQielQd;shell→shield)
ٿһ(g)~fetter n`_
?yn)麬x](ji)-ter~(dng)~YfetҲ~ĺIJ֣Һ`_P(gun)~(lin)ϵxy뵽һ(g)~feet n._
ȥһ(g)Ԫefeetter→fetter_炣`
~Դ׃Ҏ(gu)t
(1)Ԫ֮gԻQ aeiouy
sit→seat;feet→fetter;shell→shield
efeasible adj.е(-ible=-able;feas=fac=fact;ԪԪĸM֮gl(f)Qsc֮gl(f)Qpracticepractiseadviceadvise)
factǰv˼˼ǿе@@(g)~ͷdzӛ
(2)o֮gp/bt/dk/g/c/quf/vs/z/x/thԻQ
disburse v.֧pay for
dis-_һ(g)~˼ȥburseͨ^(gu)ƴ(xi)x˼Ͻӽ_~Դ飺
purse n.X(qin);burse→purse
dis-ǰYɂ(g)˼ʾapartx_(ki)x@ȡx_(ki)x˼X(qin)x_(ki)X(qin)X(qin)Ҳ֧˼
reimburse v.(bo)N(xio)߀
re-ȡback(li)˼B(li)back+into+purseصX(qin)ҲLj(bo)N(xio)߀˼(ӛ@N~һҪxױ飬Ч@)
kindle v.ȼc(din)ȼ→(lin)뵽candleϞT kindle→candle
sunder v.ѣ_(ki) →thunder v.
ӛһ(g)ɂzѣ_(ki)linkx෴
miscellaneous .adjsʽӵ
(-aneousһN~Y;miscell→mix+cellϵļ(x)ӛsʽӵ)
masquerade n.(hu)y(hu)
(-ade~Yʾϵ˼(lin)뵽~maskmasqu→maskmaskerߵߵ˼һǼ(hu)˼)
(3)νĸĻQu/v/wm/nĻQ
(uQvwr(sh)(hu)ȥ߅Ԫ)
renovate v.
(-ate(dng)~Yre-ǰYٴnov→new;renewate→renovateһ׃¾Ƿµ˼)
lurk v.
(~ԴlowerһҪwuwl(f)Qȥw߅ԪĸoeY(ji)βpok(gu)~lurklower→lurk
(4)ĸghÓ(l(f))
arduous adj.M(fi)ģDy
(-uous~YardIJ~Դͨ^(gu)ƴ(xi)xxyhardʡh)
hierarchy n.ȼ(j)ƶA(j)
(-archy→to ruleanarchyo(w)B(ti)-anʾ;hier~Դhigherghl(f)ʡԡ߀ߌӵĽy(tng)@ͽȼ(j)ƶA(j))
(5)̶D(zhun)Qs/t/dp/b/f/v/ph
assent v.ͬ (dng)~+to
*ass-acc-app- att-aop(xi)һǰYas-ac-ap-at-ʾ(dng)ļӏ(qing)
(send~ԴsenseX(ju)a(chn)(qing)ҹQͬ)
consent v.ͬ con-ͬиX(ju)Ҳͬ˼)
dissent v.ͬ
amorphous adj.o(w)Πε
(-ous~Ya-an-ǰYʾĸmorphIJ~ԴformϣD~~ĕr(sh)(hu)F(xin)βĸ(xi)rmŲβfŲ_(ki)^morfphQõmorpha+form+ous→amorphous](mi)Πε)
ĸM(Ԏ҂ӛ(ji)~R)
(1)spʾl(f)ɢ_(ki)a(chn)
speakf(shu)Ԓ(hu)spit̵spewIspread
spout v.
spur n.̼R
spawn v.a(chn)
(2)scrcr_(ki)^~ǺϵĄ(dng)P(gun)(עs~ĕr(sh)o(w)xһֻӏ(qing)Z(y))
scroll n.S (rollʾL;־(li)ıʾS)
ͬ߀scratch v.ץ()
crab n.з (зֺܶ)
ĸMһ12MԺЙC(j)(hu)(hu)Ԕ(x)ĽB@ﲻ٘.
3.(lin)ӛ(oӛІ~(lin)(li)ӛ)
Աӛ(du)ijЩ~ӡ
(1)(ji)~R——ν~ӛ
Jfriend n. (һ(g)rһrлtǐ)
Kfiend n.ħ ( ԇһ㿼fiendish-ish~YʲôƵħƵ)
Jwomanish adj.ǻ ()
Kmannish adj. (Ů)
Jwomanly adj.Ůζ (Ů)
Kmanly adj.Ӛŵ ()
Jspout v.
Ksprout v.l(f)ѿ(rһ仨һ仨ǰl(f)ѿ)
(2)(ji)~RҪ~——ҪJ(rn)R(sh)~~Yƴ
chrysanthemum n.ջ
J(rn)R(sh)Ć~mumtheջͽoĸH(c(din)BûŰ)ƴsan3chryӛcryhʡB(li)ջͽoĸH@(g)ܟo(w)^](mi)߉ԲԸ@ôӛҲԼkӲ^(gu)_(sh)Ҫ(li)һЩ
pestilence n.
pest҂J(rn)R(sh)Ǻx(chng)˼-ence~ԺYʣµgil(lin)illɺx(chng)(li)ļ@Ӿͺӛ
morose adj.ģچʵ
roseõ廨ĵ˼moV|Ԓ(hu)Ǜ](mi)е˼(w(hu)һ)һ˹(ji)](mi)õ廨(dng)Ȼ
precarious adj.ȫ(wn)̵
pre-ǰious-~Y܇(ch){ΣU(xin)һùĶǰŸ{@ôӛͿ
~~ԴĽǶӛprec-~Դpray-arious~Yһ\ĕr(sh)ΣU(xin)һӰĕr(sh)ҶĴȶ\档Ҳ@ôӛ(f)sһc(din)
avalanche n.ѩ
ͨ^(gu)ƴlan cher܇(ch)ѩ܇(ch)rסavaһ(g)˵Ęz۾gһ(g)ǾͿ@(g)~ӛס