了能夠快速閱讀完托福的文章，相信大家一看到例子就會(huì)簡(jiǎn)單略過(guò)。其實(shí)，在解題時(shí)我們也可以根據(jù)例子的各種特點(diǎn)快速解答各類(lèi)題型。下面將具體解讀例子在各題型中的運(yùn)用。

　　例子在托福閱讀中隨處可見(jiàn)，在我們快速讀文章的時(shí)候，例子的內(nèi)容是可以快速省略不用仔細(xì)看的部分，而在解題時(shí)我們也可以根據(jù)例子的這一特點(diǎn)，來(lái)解托福閱讀的各種題型。

　　首先，最明顯的例子一定是出現(xiàn)了表示例子的詞，比較常見(jiàn)的例子詞有：for example, for instance, such as, like,include。 除了有很明顯的例子詞的例子外，還有一些是不帶例子詞的例子，對(duì)于這些不帶例子詞的例子我們只要弄明白了只要寫(xiě)的是一個(gè)具體的東西或是具體的事情時(shí)，我們就可以把他們當(dāng)作例子。我們來(lái)看看帶例子詞的例子在各個(gè)題型中的運(yùn)用。

　　(1)如果在句子簡(jiǎn)化題中出現(xiàn)例子的句子，首先在解題時(shí)例子的內(nèi)容可以不用看，還有一點(diǎn)就是往往出現(xiàn)例子的部分會(huì)成為一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，所以可以根據(jù)這點(diǎn)很快的排除掉一個(gè)不對(duì)的選項(xiàng)。比如TPO4 Deer Populations of the Puget Sound這篇文章中的句子簡(jiǎn)化題：

　　In addition to finding an increase of suitable browse, like huckleberry and vine maple, Arthur Einarsen, longtime game biologist in the Pacific Northwest, found quality of browse in the open areas to be substantially more nutritive.

　　在這個(gè)句子中，出現(xiàn)了例子詞like,所以“ like huckleberry and vine maple”這部分內(nèi)容我們就可以先不用看，而且在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)D選項(xiàng)就把原句中l(wèi)ike例子中的內(nèi)容當(dāng)作一個(gè)主要內(nèi)容在說(shuō)了，所以可以非�？隙ǖ南劝袲排除掉。

　　A. Arthur Einarsen’s longtime family with the Pacific Northwest helped him discover areas where deer had an increase in suitable browse.

　　B. Arthur Einarsen found that deforested feeding grounds provided deer with more and better food.

　　C. Biologist like Einarsen believe it is important to find additional open areas with suitable browse for deer to inhabit.

　　D. According to Einarsen, huckleberry and vine maple are examples of vegetation that may someday improve the nutrition of deer in the open areas of the Pacific Northwest.

　　(2)如果在細(xì)節(jié)題中出現(xiàn)定位的句子是整個(gè)例子時(shí)，則解題思路與修辭目的題相同，需要找到這個(gè)例子的觀點(diǎn)句，此觀點(diǎn)句的內(nèi)容既為正確答案。我們來(lái)看TPO13 Biological clocks這篇文章中的第二個(gè)題目，這個(gè)題就是一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)題：

　　Paragraph 1: ... By isolating organisms completely from external periodic cues, biologists learned that organisms have internal clocks. For instance, apparently normal daily periods of biological activity were maintained for about a week by the fungus Neurospora when it was intentionally isolated from all geophysical timing cues while orbiting in a space shuttle. The continuation of biological rhythms in an organism without external cues attests to its having an internal clock.

　　In paragraph 1, the experiment on the fungus Neurospora is mentioned to illustrate: (2)

　　A. the existence of weekly periods of activity as well as daily ones

　　B. the finding of evidence that organisms have internal clocks

　　C. the effect of space on the internal clocks of organisms

　　D. the isolation of one part of an organism's cycle for study

　　通過(guò)題目所問(wèn)我們很容易能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題所在的內(nèi)容是一個(gè)例子，有例子詞for instance,所以我們找答案就應(yīng)該去看例子的前面一句，發(fā)現(xiàn)主要在說(shuō)的biologists learned that organisms have internal clocks，所以這個(gè)題選B。

　　(3)如果在句子插入題中，需要插入的句子是一個(gè)例子時(shí)，我們解題的思路是需要把例子插入到觀點(diǎn)句的后面;如果需要插入的句子是觀點(diǎn)句，而四個(gè)黑方框所在的句子中有例子時(shí)，則需要插入的觀點(diǎn)句往往就插在例子的句子前面。如果在文章總結(jié)題中看到例子的句子，則我們要直接排除掉這個(gè)選項(xiàng)。我們來(lái)看TPO3 The long-term stability of ecosystems這篇文章中的句子插入題，需要插入的句子是：

　　In fact, damage to the environment by humans is often much more severe than damage by natural events and processes.

　　Paragraph 6: Ecologists are especially interested to know what factors contribute to the resilience of communities because climax communities all over the world are being severely damaged or destroyed by human activities. The destruction caused by the volcanic explosion of Mount St. Helens, in the northwestern United States, for example, pales in comparison to the destruction caused by humans. We need to know what aspects of a community are most important to the community’s resistance to destruction, as well as its recovery.

　　很明顯in fact開(kāi)頭的句子我們可以看作是觀點(diǎn)句，主要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人為活動(dòng)的破壞力要大于自然的破壞力，而在四個(gè)黑方框所在的句子中我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在第二個(gè)黑方框后面所在的句子正好是一個(gè)例子，有例子詞for example,所以可以直接放在第二個(gè)黑方框的位置。