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2017考研英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:邏輯意義一致原則

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2017-01-04 編輯:yangjie

  邏輯意義一致就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)必須與主語(yǔ)的意義一致(因有時(shí)主語(yǔ)的形式是單數(shù),但意義卻為復(fù)數(shù);有時(shí)主語(yǔ)形式為復(fù)數(shù),而意義卻為單數(shù))。具體請(qǐng)看下文。

  1. what, who, which, any, more, all等代詞可以是單數(shù),也可是復(fù)數(shù),主要靠意思來(lái)決定。如:Which is your bag? / Which are your bags? / All is going well. / All have gone to Beijing.

  2. 表示“時(shí)間、重量、長(zhǎng)度、價(jià)值”等的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式,這是由于作主語(yǔ)的名詞在概念上是一個(gè)整體,如:Thirty minutes is enough for the work.

  3. 若英語(yǔ)是書名、片名、格言、劇名、報(bào)名、國(guó)名等的復(fù)數(shù)形式,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。如:“The Arabian Nights” is an interesting story-book.

  4. 表數(shù)量的短語(yǔ)“one and a half”后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)形式(也可用復(fù)數(shù)。如:One and a half apples is (are) left on the table.

  5. 算式中表示數(shù)目(字)的主語(yǔ)通常作單數(shù)看待,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用單數(shù)形式。如:Twelve plus eight is twenty. / Fifty-six divided by eight is seven.

  6. 一些學(xué)科名詞是以 –ics 結(jié)尾,如:mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works等,都屬于形式上是復(fù)數(shù)的名詞,實(shí)際意義為單數(shù)名詞,它們作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如:The paper works was built in 1990. / I think physics isn‘t easy to study.

  7. trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, 等詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù),但如果這些名詞前有a (the) pair of等量詞修飾時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如:My glasses are broken. / The pair of shoes under the bed is his.

  8. “定冠詞the + 形容詞或分詞”,表示某一類人時(shí),動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

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