翻譯碩士MTI考研真題整理
I. Translate the following TRANSLATION-related terms into their target language respectively.
1. CAT: 計(jì)算機(jī)輔助翻譯(Computer Aided Translation)
2. cognition: 認(rèn)知;認(rèn)知能力;認(rèn)知功能
3. corpus: 語(yǔ)料庫(kù)
4. diction: 用語(yǔ);措辭
5. discourse: 語(yǔ)篇;話語(yǔ);演說(shuō);談話
6. domestication: 歸化;歸化法;歸化翻譯
7. equivalent effect: 等效; 等效論;等效翻譯; 等效原則
8. ESP: 專門用途英語(yǔ) (English for Specific Purposes)
9. foreignization: 異化
10. hypotaxis: 形合;形合法
11. methodology: 方法論
12. over-translation: 過(guò)度翻譯
13. parataxis: 意合;意合法
14. Pearl Buck: 賽珍珠(美國(guó)女作家)
15. Renaissance: 文藝復(fù)興
16. translationese: 翻譯腔(代表著一種因不符合譯語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣而有失自然、不夠流暢的譯文風(fēng)格) ; 翻譯體;翻譯癥
17. translatology: 翻譯學(xué)
18. transliteration: 音譯
19. Tower of Babel: 巴別塔
20. under-translation: 欠額翻譯
21. 編譯: translate and edit;compile
22. 翻譯研究: translation studies
23. 化境: transfiguration
24. 可讀性: readability
25. 目的語(yǔ): target language
26. 歧義: Ambiguity
27. 神似: Spiritual Resemblance(此處應(yīng)指傅雷的神似理論)
28. 神韻: romantic charm (in literature and art)
29. 死譯: word-for-word translation
30. 四字格: Chinese Four-character Idioms
31. 天人合一: harmony between man and nature;theory that man is an integral part of nature
32. 信達(dá)雅: faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance
33. 形似: Appearance Resemblance
34. 洋涇浜: Chinese Pidgin English(它是英語(yǔ)與上海話結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，并且在一定程度上受寧波話與粵語(yǔ)的影響。其語(yǔ)法不符合英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，語(yǔ)音受漢語(yǔ)影響。該語(yǔ)言流行于當(dāng)時(shí)的上海洋涇浜周邊地區(qū)，故由此得名)
35. 意美、音美、形美: Beauty in Sense, Sound and Form
36. 意譯: free translation
37. 隱喻: Metaphor
38. 應(yīng)用翻譯: pragmatic translation
39. 源語(yǔ): source language
40. 直譯: literal translation
II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. (110)
Source Text 1:
Do you remember how Forrest Gump was preparing for the biggest pingpong match of his life to be played in China? Well, he came, he played, and he kicked butt. I am pretty sure Lose Face were the words of the day.
The Forrest Gump pipe dream visits me every now and then. I have always fantasized about standing atop the gold-medal podium for the Red, White and Blue; victory paddle in one hand, 24-karats around my neck, Chinese opponents on both sides, with Old Glory rising and the Star-Spangled Banner playing. Ok, wake me up. Who am I kidding? The Chinese will lose their number one spot on the pingpong podium when Hainan Island freezes over. And thats why I started playing the glorious game of ma jiang.
If you cant beat em at pong, ma jiang must be the second best thing, right? Now, I am not talking about mahjong, the matching tile game you play on the computer to kill time; I am talking about bona fide, cutthroat Chinese ma jiang.
I feel the most Chinese when I am sitting as the ma jiang table talking in the dough. And most of the time, in terms of making money, Chairman Maos face is my friend, but hot streaks easily give way to cold ones. Indeed, most of ma jiang is a game of luck; I would say 70% luck and 30% skill.
Unlike poker, in ma jiang, reading your opponents tends to be almost impossible, so tense staredowns are rarely seen.
Perhaps, I am the only westerner in this city who plays ma jiang competitively. I guess you could call me the Da Shan of ma jiang, and thats part of the thrill for me. The other part of it is being just as skilled as my Chinese opponents, who started playing ma jiang when I was a little kid, swinging the Little League bat back stateside.
Truly, when I started playing ma jiang, I didnt know what I was gonna get; I didnt realize back then, that today, I would love it so much. I am a competitive person, so I guess ma jiang and me turned out to be― well― you know, like those two compatible veggies. In the end, if ma jiang one day becomes an Olympic event, you know whats going down.(390 words)
參考譯文：你還記得當(dāng)時(shí)阿甘是怎樣為他人生中最重要的乒乓球比賽做準(zhǔn)備的嗎?那次比賽是在中國(guó)舉行。怎么說(shuō)呢，他來(lái)了，比賽了，居然還贏了。我很確信當(dāng)時(shí)最常提及的詞語(yǔ)肯定是丟臉。
我時(shí)常會(huì)做一些阿甘式的白日夢(mèng)。我總是幻想站在金牌領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)臺(tái)上，披著美國(guó)國(guó)旗，手里拿著勝利的球拍，脖子上帶著24K 的金牌，兩旁站著中國(guó)對(duì)手，美國(guó)國(guó)旗升起來(lái)了，美國(guó)國(guó)歌奏響了。好吧，還是把我叫醒吧。我這是在騙誰(shuí)呢?除非海南島結(jié)冰，否則中國(guó)人怎么會(huì)失去他們?cè)谄古?球領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)臺(tái)上第一名的位置。這就是為什么我開(kāi)始玩另一種光榮的游戲麻將。
如果不能在乒乓球方面打敗中國(guó)人，那么麻將一定是第二好的東西，對(duì)不對(duì)?現(xiàn)在我談?wù)摰牟皇窍r(shí)間在電腦上玩的配牌游戲，我說(shuō)的是真正的，殘酷的中國(guó)麻將。
我覺(jué)得最有中國(guó)味的時(shí)候，就是我坐在麻將桌邊談錢。很多時(shí)候談到錢，印有毛主席頭像的票子就是是我的朋友，但連勝并不容易保持。事實(shí)上，麻將大多時(shí)候靠運(yùn)氣;我只能說(shuō)說(shuō)打麻將70%靠運(yùn)氣，30%靠技巧。
不像撲克，打麻將的時(shí)候，你幾乎不可能解讀你的對(duì)手，所以很少有人瞪眼使對(duì)手緊張地不敢抬眼看。
也許，我在這個(gè)城市里唯一的西方人，打麻將打得這么好。我覺(jué)得我可以稱得上是麻將界里的大山了，這是給我?guī)?lái)快感的一部分。另一部分則是我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)和我的中國(guó)對(duì)手一樣?jì)故炝耍倚r(shí)候還在美國(guó)少年棒球聯(lián)合會(huì)揮動(dòng)球棒呢，他們就已經(jīng)開(kāi)始打麻將了。
說(shuō)實(shí)話，當(dāng)我開(kāi)始打麻將的時(shí)候，我不知道我會(huì)得到什么。我當(dāng)時(shí)并沒(méi)有意識(shí)到，今天我會(huì)如此喜歡麻將。我非常好勝，所以我覺(jué)得麻將和我最終成了就像兩株可以共生的植物。最后，如果麻將有一天成為奧運(yùn)會(huì)的比賽項(xiàng)目，你應(yīng)該知道發(fā)生了什么事。
Source Text 2:
20XX年XX月，當(dāng)建筑工人將北京銀泰中心的最后一根大梁安裝完成后，京城第一高樓正式封頂，它的高度為34939米。此前的15年，京城 第一高樓的榮譽(yù)屬于京廣中心，其高度為209米; 子在更早之前的1958年，京城第一的.榮譽(yù)屬于50年代的十大建筑之一位于長(zhǎng)安街的北京電報(bào)大樓。大樓裝有四面鐘塔，每當(dāng)悠揚(yáng)的報(bào)時(shí)鐘聲回蕩與 十里長(zhǎng)街，北京人常常會(huì)習(xí)慣性的抬頭仰望高達(dá)74米高的電報(bào)大樓。銀泰中心在京城第一高樓的交椅上做了不到三年，國(guó)貿(mào)三期竣工后，又將北京的高度 提升到330米。在國(guó)貿(mào)的不遠(yuǎn)處，則是即將竣工的中央電視臺(tái)新址、北京財(cái)富中心。他們正俯瞰北京城，成為這座城市的下一個(gè)制高點(diǎn)。
上述故事發(fā)生于CBD，即位于北京城東的中央商務(wù)區(qū)，這里已經(jīng)成為北京最富有活力、最具現(xiàn)代化氣息的地區(qū)之一。這些其實(shí)恢弘、雄心勃勃的建筑，是北京飛速發(fā)展的一個(gè)縮影，同時(shí)也是北京乃至中國(guó)崛起于世界的窗口。(386 words)
參考譯文：In December 20XX, with the last girder put in place, the Yintai Center, rising to 249.9 meters, was completed, being laurelled the No.1 Skycraper in Beijing. Fifteen years before, this laurel was owned by the Jing Guang Center, which is 209 meters high, and still earlier, in 1958, the laurel went to the Beijing Telegraph Building with a height of 74 meters. Known as one of the Ten Major Buildings in China in the 1950s, the Beijing Telegraph Building, located on Changan Avenue, carries a four-sided-clock tower whose ringing never fails to be an attraction to Beijingers. As the crown jewel in the city for three years only, the Yintai Center had to give way to the China World Center, which towers to 330 meters. Now, not far from it stand two sparkling gems, the CCTV Headquarters and the Fortune Plaza, which are vying for the new high in the capital city.
All this building has happened in the central business district of eastern Beijing, which has become one area in the city featuring the greatest vitality and modernity. These imposing buildings, whichever may be the citys new high, are a microcosm of Beijings fast development and new symbols of the capital in the Olympic era, demonstrating the rising of Beijing and China in the world.
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