英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法對(duì)考研英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)至關(guān)重要，很多同學(xué)在閱讀以及翻譯過(guò)程中，往往受到后置定語(yǔ)的影響，在閱讀中找不準(zhǔn)句子的主干，理解不了句子的意思，影響了對(duì)文章的理解，句子的翻譯。所以考生們要重視語(yǔ)法的復(fù)習(xí)，下面是小編為大家整理收集的2017考研英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)用法，僅供大家參考。
一、單詞做后置定語(yǔ)
1、以a-開(kāi)頭的表示狀態(tài)的形容詞，一般在句子中當(dāng)表語(yǔ)成份，但作定語(yǔ)時(shí)須后置，類似的形容詞有：alive, asleep, alike, alone, awake, aware, ashamed, adrift, ablaze, absent, afraid, available等如：
Jim was awake at that time.
No man alive is greater than he.
2、部分表示方位、處所、時(shí)間副詞作定語(yǔ)。如here, there, above, below, upstairs, downstairs, outside, inside, around, today, nearby 等常作后置定語(yǔ)。如：
The boy there is playing football.
Please answer the questions below.
3、形容詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)應(yīng)后置
There is something important to do.
Let’s give her something different to eat,then.
4、else只作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾疑問(wèn)詞或不定代詞。
Who else can help me?
Tom is taller than everyone else in his class.
5、有些詞既可作前置定語(yǔ)，也可作后置定語(yǔ)。如：
possible, enough, more(另外，附加的)proper
It’s the only solution possible.
二、短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)
1、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞性短語(yǔ)等用作后置定語(yǔ)。
如 China is a great country with a long history.(介詞短語(yǔ))
The girl in the red hat is my younger sister.(介詞短語(yǔ))
You’d better ask the policeman over there.(副詞短語(yǔ))
The basket full of fruits belongs to the beautiful girl.
(形容詞性短語(yǔ))
2、不定式用作后置定語(yǔ)。如：
I have a lot of work to do today.
He told me his plan to start a company.
The building to be built was designed by Mr Wang. =The building which will be built was designed by Mr Wang. (相當(dāng)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句)
If I have the chance to go abroad I’ll never let it go.
3、分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。單個(gè)分詞一般作前置定語(yǔ)，而分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，此時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)化相應(yīng)的定語(yǔ)從句。
The man standing there is our English teacher.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))
The Greens have a daughter called Kate.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))
The building being built was designed by Mr Wang.
The young man waving to me is a friend of mine.
現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)與修飾的名詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)與修飾的名詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。