考研英語寫信攻略
第二部分 寫作
第四章 應(yīng)用文寫作（小作文）
第二節(jié) 題 型 分 析（上）
一、書信
書信是人類交流的最重要的方式之一，對(duì)于人類的交流具有重要的意義。一般來說，書信分為私人信函和公務(wù)信函。私人信函屬于非正式文體，一般是指與熟人、家人和朋友之間進(jìn)行日常事務(wù)交流的信件。私人信件用詞可以比較隨意，但是語氣要真摯。公務(wù)信件則屬于正式文體，通常用于商務(wù)場合，其中最實(shí)用也是最重要的包括邀請信、請求信、建議信、求職信、道歉信、感謝信、申請信、投訴信、和詢問信等。
英文信件的書寫和中文一樣，有固定的結(jié)構(gòu)�？忌谄綍r(shí)復(fù)習(xí)中一定要對(duì)各種書信體的格式熟記于心。當(dāng)前的書信格式主要有英式和美式兩種。英式結(jié)構(gòu)即縮進(jìn)式結(jié)構(gòu)，屬于比較傳統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)，即每一段的第一行都向里縮進(jìn)4~8個(gè)字符，且所有段落的縮進(jìn)距離必須保持一致；稱呼頂格寫，落款則在中間偏右的位置。美式結(jié)構(gòu)則是齊頭式結(jié)構(gòu)，在商務(wù)英語中比較流行，尤其普遍運(yùn)用于電子郵件的交流中，其特點(diǎn)是所有段落的第一行都頂格寫，段與段之間空一行，另外稱呼、落款等也都頂格寫。
英文的書信結(jié)構(gòu)通常包括6個(gè)組成部分：信頭（heading，包括寄信人地址和日期）、信內(nèi)地址（inside address，指收信人地址）、稱呼（salutation）、正文（body）、結(jié)束語（complimentary）、簽名（signature），有時(shí)候還包括附言（postscript）和附件（attachment）。
以下具體介紹幾類書信的'寫法：
�。ㄒ唬┭埿�
邀請信是寫信人對(duì)收信人的一種盛情邀請， 一般分為正式和非正式兩種，非正式邀請信比較隨便，正式邀請信比較注重文采，為發(fā)出正式邀請之用。邀請信格式與其他信函相同，具體寫作步驟包括：
首段： 說明與收信人的相關(guān)性及寫作目的，意圖。
主體段落：具體說明相關(guān)情景，包括活動(dòng)的時(shí)間地點(diǎn)，受邀人，活動(dòng)內(nèi)容和日程安排等。并應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)為什么要邀請收信人。
結(jié)尾段： 表示期待收信人的回復(fù)。
邀請信要求考生邀請朋友參加特殊聚會(huì)，共度假期或者訪問某地等，考生可以采用半正式文體。
模板句式
I am writing to invite you to…
我寫信是想邀請你……
I wander if you can come…
我在想你是否能來參加……
I think it would be a great idea if you could participate in…
我想如果你能參加……將是一個(gè)非常好的主意。
Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come to…
你可以打電話通知我你是否能來。
Be sure to let me know if you can come. My whole family is very eager awaiting your arrival.
請通知我你是否能來，我們?nèi)叶挤浅Ｅ瓮愕牡絹怼?/p>
We would be looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.
我們非常高興地期待著你的到來。
I am looking forward to seeing you.
我非常期待見到你。
My family and I would feel much honored if you would come.
如果你能來，我們?nèi)叶紝⒏械讲粍贅s幸。
Please accept my invitation and let me know at your convenience as soon as possible.
請接受我的邀請并盡早通知我。
經(jīng)典范文
Dear Mary,
I am going to have a dinner party at my house on October 22, 2007 to celebrate my fathers 70-year-old birthday. It is an important occasion for our family and as you are a close friend of us, my parents and I do hope you can come and share our joy.
The party will start at seven oclock in the evening. There will be a small musical soiree, at which a band will perform some popular and classical songs at first. At around eight oclock， we will start our dinner, during which we can talk and laugh together. And then all the friends will take some photos together.
I know you have been busy these days, but I do hope you can make it, my family and I look forward to the pleasure of your company.
Yours affectionately,
Chen Feng
練習(xí)一
Write an informal invitation based on the information given below.
Ji Bai, head of the Household Electric Appliance Plant, invites the public to the exclusive presentation of their new models of Digital Recorders, which are of superb quality, and a reception at two pm..The presentation will take place at Noble Hotel on the third of Jan.
Tel No.: 010-69985421
參考范文
Dear Sir or Madam,
We would like to invite you to an exclusive presentation of our new models of Digital Recorders. The presentation will take place at Noble Hotel on the third of January. There will also be a reception at two pm. We hope you will also to attend.
Our plant is a leading producer of high-quality recording equipment. As you well know, recent technological advances have made these products increasingly affordable to the public. Our new models offer super quality.
We look forward to seeing you on 3rd. Just call our office at 010-69985421,and we will be glad to reserve a place for you.
Sincerely yours,
Ji Bai
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