2016年6月英語四級考試預測卷「帶答案」
2016年6月大學英語四級閱讀理解2016年6月英語四級真題預測(閱讀理解部分)
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice__36___away,However , we have already reached temperatures that are in __37__with other minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are __38__to a predicted worldwide in increase in temperatures__39__betweem 1℃ and 6℃ over the next 100 years. The warming will be more__40__in some areas, less in other, and some places may even cool off. Likewise, the __41__of this warming will be very different depending on where you are-coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels, while Siberia and northern Canada may become more habitable(宜居的)and __42__for humans than these areas are now.
The fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on __43__, everywhere. Scientists are in general agreement that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend. Some scientists___44__that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random(無規(guī)律的)variation-some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years__45___--but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing
warm conditions.
A) appealing I) melted B) average J) persist C) contributing K) ranging D) dramatic L) recently E) frequently M) resolved F) impact N) sensible G) line O) shock H) maintain
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The End of the Book?
[A] Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling more books in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format. That is remarkable, considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years. E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in the country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales. E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.
[B] Does this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, and perhaps not at all. What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing from moveable type in the 1450s.
[C] Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace. Mass market paperbacks, which have been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries, thrillers, “romance fiction,” etc. Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections, either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few years. Hardback and trade paperbacks for “serious” nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer. Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.
[D] As for children’s books, who knows? Children’s books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers, so the market (and the marketing) is inherently strange.
[E] For clues to the book’s future, let’s look at some examples of technological change and see what happened to the old technology.
[F] One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better, cheaper, or both. The greater the difference, the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old. Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with the old-fashioned ones handwritten on
vellum, which comes from sheepskin. A Bible—to be sure, a long book—required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor. Before printing arrived, a Bible cost more than a middle-class house. There were perhaps 50,000 books in all of Europe in 1450. By 1500 there were 10 million.
[G] But while printing quickly caused the hand written book to die out, handwriting lingered on (繼續(xù)存在) well into the 16th century. Very special books are still occasionally produced on vellum, but they are one-of-a-kind show pieces.
[H]Sometimes a new technology doesn’t drive the old one out, but only parts of it while forcing the rest to evolve. The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace, but they didn’t, because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce. Equally, TV was supposed to replace movies but, again, did not.
[I] Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater. And while TV didn’t kill movies, it did kill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons.
[J] Nor did TV kill radio. Comedy and drama shows (“Jack Benny,” “Amos and Andy,” “The Shadow”) all migrated to television. But because you can’t drive a car and watch television at the same time, rush hour became radio’s prime, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences. Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.
[K] Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power. Mounted cavalry (騎兵) replaced the chariot (二輪戰(zhàn)車) on the battlefield around 1000 BC. But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1,500 years later. The sword hasn’t had a military function for a hundred years, but is still part of an officer’s full-dress uniform, precisely because a sword always symbolized “an officer and a gentleman.”
[L] Sometimes new technology is a little cranky (不穩(wěn)定的) at first. Television repairman was a common occupation in the 1950s, for instance. And so the old technology remains as a backup. Steamships captured the North Atlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greater speed. But steamships didn’t lose their sails until the 1880s, because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down. Until ships became large enough (and engines small enough) to mount two engines side by side, they needed to keep sails. (The high cost of steam and the lesser need for speed kept the majority of the world’s ocean freight moving by sail until the early years of the 20th century.)
[M] Then there is the fireplace. Central heating was present in every upper-and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century. But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment. I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of the fire. Fire was one of the earliest major technological advances for humankind, providing heat, protection, and cooked food (which is much easier to cat and digest). Human control of fire goes back far enough (over a million years) that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect of human life.
[N] Books—especially books the average person could afford—haven’t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans. But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending far
beyond their literary content. At their best, they are works of art and there is a tactile(觸覺的)pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions. The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost. And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling not dissimilar to that of a fire in the fireplace on a cold winter’s night.
[O] For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict. Like swords, books have symbolic power. Like fireplaces, they induce a sense of comfort and warmth. And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful back-up for when the lights go out.
46. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.
47. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide. 48. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners. 49. Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death, the film industry survived. 50. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.
51. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.
52. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries. 53. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage. 54. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books. 55. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60are based on the following passage.
The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn’t an either/or proposition(命題)，although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM(science, technology, engineering, maths)-related fields can make it seem that way.
The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also asserts that the study of the humanities (人文學科)and social sciences must remain central components of America’s educational system at all levels. Both are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative(創(chuàng)新的)leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.
Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates’ job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it’s natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical” way out of the problem “Major in a subject designed to get you a job” seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily.
Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there’s
little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible. The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight—picked up from science, arts, and technology—to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States.
注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。
56. What does the latest congressional report suggest?
A) STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society. B) The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.
C) The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students’ spiritual life. D) Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society. 57. What is the main concern of students when they choose a major? A) Their interest in relevant subjects. B) The academic value of the courses. C) The quality of education to receive. D) Their chances of getting a good job.
58. What does the author say about the so called soft subjects? A) The benefit students in their future life. B) They broaden students’ range of interests. C) They improve students’ communication skills. D) They are essential to students’ healthy growth. 59. What kind of job applicants do employers look for? A) Those who have a strong sense of responsibility. B) Those who are good at solving practical problems. C) Those who are likely to become innovative leaders. D) Those who have received a well-rounded education.
60. What advice does the author give to college students? A) Seize opportunities to tap their potential. B) Try to take a variety of practical courses. C) Prepare themselves for different job options. D) Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems.
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it. Doesn’t it? If you think so, you’re not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.
“Energy independence” and its rhetorical (修辭的) companion “energy security” are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely though through. What is it we want independence from, exactly?
Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that old from elsewhere.
The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle(涓涓細流)of biofuel(生物燃料)available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.
Second, Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?
Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don’t read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.
There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices, At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.
注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。
61. What does the author say about energy independence for America? A) It sounds very attractive. B) It ensures national security. C) It will bring oil prices down D) It has long been everyone’s dream.
62. What does the author think of biofuels? A) They keep America’s economy running healthily. B) They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum. C) They do not provide a sustainable energy supply. D) They cause serious damage to the environment.
63. Why does America rely heavily on oil imports? A) It wants to expand its storage of crude oil. B) Its own oil reserves are quickly running out. C) It wants to keep its own environment intact. D) Its own oil production falls short of demand.
64. What does the author say about oil trade? A) It proves profitable to both sides. B) It improves economic efficiency. C) It makes for economic prosperity. D) It saves the cost of oil exploration.
65. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A) To justify America’s dependence on oil imports. B) To arouse Americans’ awareness of the energy crisis. C) To stress the importance of energy conservation. D) To explain the increase of international oil trade.
2014年6月英語四級真題(閱讀理解部分)答案
選詞填空
36. I) melted
37. G) line
38. C) contributing
39. K) ranging
40. D) dramatic
41. F) impact
42. A) appealing
43. B) average
44. H) maintain
45. L) recently
46. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones. 答案：C
47. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide. 答案：N
48. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners. 答案：J
49. Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death, the film industry survived. 答案：H
50. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business. 答案：A
51. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability. 答案：L
52. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries. 答案：B
53. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage. 答案：F
54. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books. 答案：C
55. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers. 答案：M
仔細閱讀 Passage One
56.B
57.D
58.A
59.D
60.D
Passage Two
61. A
62. D
63. C
64. A
65. A
2016年6月英語四級真題預測題型(翻譯部分)
Part Ⅳ Translation
翻譯題目一：為了促進教育公平，中國已投入360億元，用于改善農村地區(qū)教育設施和中強中西部地區(qū)農村義務教育(compulsory education)。這些資金用于改善教學設施、購買書籍，使16萬多所中小學受益。資金還用于購置音樂和繪畫器材�，F(xiàn)在農村和山區(qū)的兒童可以與沿海城市的`兒童一樣上音樂和繪畫課。一些為接受更好教育而轉往城市上學的學生如今又回到了本地農村學校就讀。
譯文：In order to promote equity in education, China has invested 36 billion yuan for the improvement of educational facilities in rural areas and strengthening of rural compulsory education Midwest. These funds were used to improve the teaching facilities, purchase of books, so that more than 160,000 primary and secondary income. Funds are also used to purchase music and painting equipment. Now children in rural and mountainous areas with children’s coastal cities like music and painting lessons. Some receive a better education for the city school students now transferred back to the local rural schools.
翻譯題目二：中國應進一步發(fā)展核能，因為核電目前只占其總發(fā)電量的2%，該比例在所有核國家中居第30位，幾乎是最低的。2011年3月日本核電站事故后，中國的核能開發(fā)停了下來，中止審批新的核電站，并開展全國性的核安全檢查。到2012年10月，審批才能又謹慎的恢復。隨著技術和安全措施的改進，發(fā)生核事故的可能性完全可以降低到最低限度。換句話說核能是可以安全開發(fā)和利用的。
譯文：China should further develop nuclear energy because nuclear power accounts for only 2% of its total generating capacity currently. Such proportion ranks the thirtieth in all the countries possessing nuclear power, which is almost the last.
After Japan’s nuclear power accident in March 2011, nuclear power development in China was suspended, so was the approval of new nuclear power plants. Also, the national safety check for the nuclear power was carried out. IT was not until October 2012 that the approval was prudently resumed.
With the improvement of technology and safety measures, there is little possibility for nuclear accidents to happen. In other words, there won’t be any trouble to develop and exploit the nuclear power.
翻譯題目三：中國教育工作者早就認識到讀書對于國家的重要意義，有些教育工作者2003年就建議設立全民讀書日。他
譯文：Chinese education workers have already realized the significance of reading for a nation. Some workers suggested that we should have a national reading day in 2003. They emphasized that people should read good books especially the classical ones. Through reading, people can learn better how to be grateful, responsible and cooperative. The goal of education is to cultivate these basic personalities. Reading is especially important for middle and primary school students. Suppose they don't nurture the interest of reading at that key moment, it will be harder to develop a habit to read books.
點評：翻譯部分的難度比2013年的考試是有所變化的，具體表現(xiàn)為：考試重心轉向于中國文化和社會發(fā)展——中國教育公平，培養(yǎng)讀書習慣和核能的開發(fā)。翻譯與作文對于句型的應用是一樣的，但詞匯方面則要注意“語內翻譯”方法的應用，把原文中的陌生詞匯轉化為熟知詞匯，應用起來才能得心應手。
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