萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的起源英文版
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第一篇：萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的起源英文版
The Origin of Halloween
Two thousand years ago, Europe's Catholic Church on November 1 as the "world day Saints" (ALL HALLOWS DAY). "HALLOW" meaning that the saints. BC Five hundred years since the legend, living in Ireland, Scotland Comical faces carved pumpkin Jack Portland and other places in the Celtic (CELTS) moved forward this festive day, that is, 10 31. They think that the formal end of the day is the day of the summer, that is, the new year, the beginning of the harsh winter day. At that time people believed that the spirits of the enemy back in the day to find the former residence of the body in the living creatures, to regeneration, and this is the man to be reborn after death, the only hope. And the living death of the soul are afraid to come and take away life, so people put out the fire on this day, candlelight, so that the soul can not find the living dead, gets himself dressed as ghosts and goblins to scare away the dead Souls. After the candle they will rekindle the fire to start the new year of life. Tribal Celtic legend was still in October 31 to pay homage to the dead kill the living customs.
To the 1st century AD, Celtic tribes occupied the territory of the Roman people have gradually accepted the Halloween customs, but abolished the burning from the brutal practice of the living dead festival. Romans and the Celtic harvest festival celebrated with ceremony, wearing a scary mask, dressed up as animals or monsters, it is to get rid of their demons wandering around. This is most of the world today, people with weird dress, to celebrate the origin of Halloween. The passage of time, the meaning of Halloween has changed gradually, becoming an active happy, happy means into the mainstream. Dead soul back to the world to find a substitute for argument has gradually been abandoned and forgotten. Today, the symbol of Halloween images, pictures such as witches, black cats, etc., are friendly and cute and big funny face.
After the Roman emperor Constantine to Christ, establish Christianity as the state religion, then Christianity has evolved into a real Catholic. Constantine ordered the country people have converted to Christianity, the results did not repent of the pagans joined the church, brought in the various pagan style, including the dead festival, they have to maintain the festival as part of life.
As the church can not eliminate people's pagan custom, only the part of the customs and sanctified, in particular, died Oct. 3 day festival. In the eighth century, Pope set Nov. 1 as All Saints Day (All Saints' Day), to remember the martyrdom of the saints of all the history of the church. This date is October Sayi the eve of All Saints Day. Catholic Church will allow people a feast day on October Sayi, because Nov. 1 is the holy day. Later, All Saint's Day became All Hallows Day, the hallows are "holy" means October Sayi day is Halloween (All Hallows Evening). Evening was later reduced to eve and een, the former is "on the eve of" means, which is short for evening, which means "night", has become today's Halloween, on behalf of death-day festival is the eve of Halloween. Chinese simply called the October 3 一日 Halloween, in fact, that translated as "All Souls Day."
萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的起源
兩千多年前，歐洲的天主教會(huì)把11月1日定為“天下圣徒之日”(ALLHALLOWSDAY)。“HALLOW”即圣徒之意。傳說(shuō)自公元前五百年，居住在愛(ài)爾蘭、蘇格蘭等地的凱爾特人(CELTS)把這節(jié)日往前移了一天，即10月31日。他們認(rèn)為該日是夏天正式結(jié)束的日子，也就是新年伊始，嚴(yán)酷的冬季開(kāi)始的一天。那時(shí)人們相信，故人的亡魂會(huì)在這一天回到故居地在活人身上找尋生靈，借此再生，而且這是人在死后能獲得再生的唯一希望。而活著的人則懼怕死魂來(lái)奪生，于是人們就在這一天熄掉爐火、燭光，讓死魂無(wú)法找尋活人，又把自己打扮成妖魔鬼怪把死人之魂靈嚇走。之后，他們又會(huì)把火種燭光重新燃起，開(kāi)始新的一年的生活。傳說(shuō)那時(shí)凱爾特人部落還有在10月31日把活人殺死用以祭奠死人的習(xí)俗。
到了公元1世紀(jì)，占領(lǐng)了凱爾特部落領(lǐng)地的羅馬人也漸漸接受了萬(wàn)圣節(jié)習(xí)俗，但從此廢止了燒活人祭死人的野蠻做法。羅馬人慶祝豐收的節(jié)日與凱爾特人儀式結(jié)合，戴著可怕的面具，打扮成動(dòng)物或鬼怪，則是為了趕走在他們四周游蕩的妖魔。這也就是今天全球大部分人以古靈精怪的打扮，來(lái)慶祝萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的由來(lái)。時(shí)間流逝，萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的意義逐漸起了變化，變得積極快樂(lè)起來(lái)，喜慶的意味成了主流。死魂找替身返世的說(shuō)法也漸漸被摒棄和忘卻。到了今天，象征萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的形象、圖畫(huà)如巫婆、黑貓等，大都有友善可愛(ài)和滑稽的臉。
羅馬皇帝君士坦丁信主后，立基督教為國(guó)教，當(dāng)時(shí)的基督教實(shí)際已演變成天主教。君士坦丁下令全國(guó)人民都要皈依基督教，結(jié)果沒(méi)有悔改的異教徒加入了教會(huì)，把各樣異教作風(fēng)帶進(jìn)來(lái)，包括死節(jié)，他們要維持這節(jié)日為生活的一部分。
由于教會(huì)無(wú)法消除民眾的異教風(fēng)俗，只有把部分風(fēng)俗圣化，特別是十月三一日的死節(jié)。在第八世紀(jì)，羅馬教皇定十一月一日為萬(wàn)圣日(AllSaints’Day)，來(lái)記念教會(huì)史上一切殉道的圣徒。這樣，十月卅一日便是萬(wàn)圣日的前夕。天主教會(huì)容許民眾在十月卅一日守節(jié)，因?yàn)槭辉乱蝗帐鞘ト�。后�?lái)AllSaint’sDay變成AllHallowsDay，而hallows是“神圣”的意思，十月卅一日便是萬(wàn)圣夜(AllHallowsEvening)。Evening后來(lái)縮減為eve和een，前者是“前夕”的意思，后者是evening的縮寫(xiě)，意即“夜晚”，便成為今天的Halloween，代表死節(jié)是萬(wàn)圣日的前夕。華人索性把十月三一日稱為萬(wàn)圣節(jié)，其實(shí)該譯作“萬(wàn)靈節(jié)”。
第二篇：萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的起源英文版
All Saints' Day, feast of the Roman Catholic and Anglican churches, and day on which churches glorify God for all God's saints, known and unknown. It is celebrated on Nov. 1 in the West, since Pope Gregory IV ordered its church-wide observance in 837. Its origin lies earlier in the common commemorations of martyrs who died in groups or whose names were unknown, which were held on various days in different parts of the Church; over time these celebrations came to include not only the martyrs but all saints. During the Reformation the Protestant churches understood “saints” in its New Testament usage as including all believers and reinterpreted the feast of All Saints as a celebration of the unity of the entire Church. In medieval England the festival was known as All Hallows, hence the name Halloween [=All Hallows' eve] for the preceding evening.
The Celtic people, who lived more than 2000 years ago feared the evening of Oct. 31 more than any other day of the year. It was the eve of their festival of Samhain. Samhain was a joyful harvest festival that marked the death of the old year and the beginning of a new one. The day itself was a time for paying homage to the sun god Baal who had provided the people with the ripened grain for use in the upcoming winter. Come evening evil spirits were everywhere. Charms and spells were said to have more power on the eve of Samhain. Several rituals were performed by the Celtic priests, Druids, to appease the Lord of the Dead.
Halloween was called Samhain by the Irish. It came to be known as Halloween sometime around the fifth century A.D. .
Samhain took place on October 31 through to November 1. During this period, it was believed that the boundaries between our world and the world of the dead were weakened, allowing spirits of the recently dead to cross over and possess the living.
To celibrate the festival, the Irish would dress up in bizarre costumes and parade through their villages， causing destruction and saying "Trick-or-Treat", in order to scare off any recently departed souls who might be prowling for bodies to inhabit.
This yearly festival was later brought to the other regions of the world, including continental Europe and North America. Irish immigrants brought several customs with them, including one of the symbols most commonly associated with Halloween -- the "Jack Lantern".
According to Irish folklore, there once lived a man named Jack who was known for being a drunk and a prankster. One night Jack tricked the devil into climbing a tree, and quickly carved an image of a cross on the trunk, trapping the devil. Jack then made him promise that, in exchange for letting him out of the tree, the Devil would never tempt him to sin again. He reluctantly agreed, but was able to exact his revenge upon Jack's death. Because of his mischievous ways in life, Jack was barred from entering heaven and because of his earlier trick; he was also barred from hell. So he was doomed to wander the earth until the end of time, with only a "Jack Lanterns" to warm him.
In Ireland, they originally used turnips for their "Jack Lanterns", but upon arriving in north America, they discovered that pumpkins were abundant and easier to carve out.
附：萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的習(xí)俗
1、敲門索取糖果：
萬(wàn)圣節(jié)當(dāng)晚是一年里最“鬧鬼”的'時(shí)候，當(dāng)天晚上的習(xí)俗便是孩子們提著南瓜燈，穿著各式各樣的仿妖魔鬼怪的服飾挨家挨戶的敲門并大喊："Trick or Treat!"(意為不請(qǐng)客就搗亂)，主人家(可能同樣穿著恐怖服裝)便會(huì)派出一些糖果、朱古力或是小禮物;要是不給糖的話，小孩子們就會(huì)進(jìn)行各種惡作劇，比如把垃圾倒進(jìn)你的家里等等。
2、“咬蘋(píng)果”游戲：
萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的另一個(gè)習(xí)俗是最為流行的“咬蘋(píng)果”游戲。游戲時(shí)，人們讓蘋(píng)果漂浮在裝滿水的盆里，然后讓參與者在不用手的條件下用嘴去咬蘋(píng)果，誰(shuí)先咬到，誰(shuí)就是優(yōu)勝者。
3、占撲游戲：
在愛(ài)爾蘭，有一種傳統(tǒng)占卜游戲，參加者蒙著眼，從放著幾個(gè)小碟的桌上選出其中一只，如摸到的碟盛有泥土，代表來(lái)年會(huì)有與參加者有關(guān)的人過(guò)身，如盛有水代表會(huì)遠(yuǎn)行，盛有錢幣代表會(huì)發(fā)財(cái)，盛有豆代表會(huì)窮困等等。在19世紀(jì)的愛(ài)爾蘭，少女會(huì)在灑有面粉的碟上放蛞蝓，而蛞蝓爬行的痕跡會(huì)是少女將來(lái)丈夫的模樣。
4、人鬼嘉年華會(huì)：
紐約市也特別在萬(wàn)圣節(jié)晚上舉行巡游，讓一群吸血鬼，僵尸，巫婆，科學(xué)怪人等齊齊現(xiàn)身，還歡迎市民到場(chǎng)參觀，到會(huì)者不限年齡、性別，不分階級(jí)、國(guó)籍，即使你是膽小鬼，也可加入他們的行列，來(lái)個(gè)熱熱鬧鬧的人鬼嘉年華會(huì)。其實(shí)這些鬼怪都是人扮的，所以并不可怕，相反有些小鬼臉更非�？蓯�(ài)，令人置身其中，就如參加大型化裝舞會(huì)一樣。
古時(shí)候的歐洲人相信戴上丑陋的面具可以嚇走那些在村落間游蕩的惡靈鬼魂;到了第四世界，因?yàn)榛浇淌⑿�，這天又被改為上帝死亡之日，相信上帝會(huì)幫忙驅(qū)趕走這些惡靈鬼魂。到了后來(lái)，演變成小孩穿上各式各樣的鬼怪衣服，按另?yè)?jù)門鈴索要糖果。
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