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關(guān)于國(guó)慶節(jié)的由來(lái)英語(yǔ)版
國(guó)慶節(jié)是由一個(gè)國(guó)家制定的用來(lái)紀(jì)念國(guó)家本身的法定假日。下面是小編為大家整理的英語(yǔ)版國(guó)慶節(jié)的由來(lái)，希望對(duì)大家有幫助!
1949年10月1日，中華人民共和國(guó)中央人民政府成立典禮，即開(kāi)國(guó)大典，在北京天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)隆重舉行。
最早提出“國(guó)慶日”是馬敘倫先生
1949年10月9日，中國(guó)人民政治協(xié)商會(huì)議第一屆全國(guó)委員會(huì)召開(kāi)第一次會(huì)議。許廣平委員發(fā)言：“馬敘倫委員請(qǐng)假不能來(lái)，他托我來(lái)說(shuō)，中華人民共和國(guó)的成立，應(yīng)有國(guó)慶日，所以希望本會(huì)決定把10月1日定為國(guó)慶日。”林伯渠委員也發(fā)言附議，要求討論決定。當(dāng)天會(huì)議通過(guò)《請(qǐng)政府明定十月一日為中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)慶日，以代替十月十日的舊國(guó)慶日》的建議案，送請(qǐng)中央人民政府采擇施行。
1949年12月2日，中央人民政府委員會(huì)第四次會(huì)議通過(guò)的決議指出：“中央人民政府委員會(huì)宣告：‘自1950年起，即以每年的10月1日，即中華人民共和國(guó)宣告成立的偉大日子，為中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)慶日�！�
這就是把“10月1日”確定為中華人民共和國(guó)“生日”，即“國(guó)慶日”的來(lái)歷。
從1950年起，每年的10月1日成為了中國(guó)各族人民隆重歡慶的節(jié)日。
On October 1, 1949, the founding ceremony of the Central Peoples Government of the Peoples Republic of China, also known as the founding ceremony, was grandly held at Tian an men Square in Beijing.
The earliest mention of National Day was by Mr. Ma Xulun
On October 9, 1949, the first National Committee of the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference held its first meeting. Commissioner Xu Guangping spoke: "Commissioner Ma Xulun cannot come on leave. He entrusted me to say that the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China should have a National Day, so I hope that this association will decide to designate October 1st as National Day." Commissioner Lin Boqu also spoke in support of the proposal and requested a discussion and decision. On the same day, the meeting passed a proposal to request the government to designate October 1st as the National Day of the Peoples Republic of China to replace the old National Day on October 10th, and submitted it to the Central Peoples Government for adoption and implementation.
On December 2, 1949, the Fourth Session of the Central Peoples Government Committee passed a resolution stating: "The Central Peoples Government Committee declared: Starting from 1950, October 1st, the great day on which the Peoples Republic of China was declared, shall be the National Day of the Peoples Republic of China.
This is the origin of determining "October 1st" as the "birthday" of the Peoples Republic of China, also known as "National Day".
Since 1950, October 1st has become a grand festival for all ethnic groups in China.
拓展：
演變歷史
Evolutionary History
“國(guó)慶”一詞，本指國(guó)家喜慶之事，最早見(jiàn)于西晉。西晉的文學(xué)家陸機(jī)在《五等諸侯論》一文中就曾有“國(guó)慶獨(dú)饗其利，主憂莫與其害”的記載。在中國(guó)的封建時(shí)代，國(guó)家喜慶的大事，莫大過(guò)于帝王的登基、誕辰等。因而中國(guó)古代把皇帝即位、誕辰稱為“國(guó)慶”。今天稱國(guó)家建立的紀(jì)念日為國(guó)慶節(jié)。
1949年12月2日，中央人民政府委員會(huì)第四次會(huì)議接受全國(guó)政協(xié)的建議，通過(guò)了《關(guān)于中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)慶日的決議》，決定每年10月1日為中華人民共和國(guó)宣告成立的偉大日子，為中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)慶日。
1949年10月1日中華人民共和國(guó)成立后，國(guó)慶的慶祝形式曾幾經(jīng)變化。
在新中國(guó)成立初期（1950─1959年），每年的國(guó)慶都舉行大型慶典活動(dòng)，同時(shí)舉行閱兵。1960年9月，中共中央、國(guó)務(wù)院本著勤儉建國(guó)的方針，決定改革國(guó)慶制度。此后，自1960年至1970年，每年的國(guó)慶均在天安門(mén)前舉行盛大的集會(huì)和群眾游行活動(dòng)，但未舉行閱兵。
1971年至1983年，每年的10月1日，北京都以大型的游園聯(lián)歡活動(dòng)等其他形式慶祝國(guó)慶，未進(jìn)行群眾游行。1984年，國(guó)慶35周年，舉行了盛大的國(guó)慶閱兵和群眾慶祝游行。在此后的十幾年間，均采用其他形式慶祝國(guó)慶，未再舉行國(guó)慶閱兵式和群眾慶祝游行。1999年10月1日，國(guó)慶50周年，舉行了盛大國(guó)慶閱兵和群眾慶祝游行。這是中華人民共和國(guó)在20世紀(jì)舉行的最后一次盛大國(guó)慶慶典。
新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)，在國(guó)慶慶典上共進(jìn)行過(guò)15次閱兵。分別是1949年至1959年間的11次和1984年國(guó)慶35周年、1999年國(guó)慶50周年、2009年國(guó)慶60周年、2019年國(guó)慶70周年的四次。
The term "National Day" originally referred to a national celebration and was first seen in the Western Jin Dynasty. The literary expert Lu Ji of the Western Jin Dynasty once recorded in his article "On the Five Classes of Marquises" that "during the National Day, one should enjoy their own benefits and not worry about their harm". In the feudal era of China, the great events of national celebration were mostly the enthronement and birthday of emperors. Therefore, in ancient China, the enthronement and birthday of emperors were referred to as the "National Day". Today, the anniversary of the establishment of the country is called National Day.
On December 2, 1949, the Fourth Meeting of the Central Peoples Government Committee accepted the recommendation of the National Committee of the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference and passed the Resolution on the National Day of the Peoples Republic of China, deciding that October 1 of each year would be the great day when the Peoples Republic of China was declared established and the National Day of the Peoples Republic of China.
After the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China on October 1, 1949, the celebration of National Day underwent several changes.
In the early days of the founding of New China (1950-1959), large-scale celebrations and military parades were held every year on National Day. In September 1960, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council decided to reform the National Day system based on the principle of diligence and frugality in building a country. Afterwards, from 1960 to 1970, grand gatherings and mass marches were held in front of Tian an men Square every year on National Day, but no military parade was held.
From 1971 to 1983, on October 1st of each year, Beijing celebrated National Day with large-scale garden gatherings and other forms, without mass marches. In 1984, on the 35th anniversary of the National Day, a grand National Day parade and a mass celebration parade were held. In the following decade or so, other forms of National Day celebration were adopted, and there were no more National Day parades or mass celebrations. On October 1, 1999, the 50th anniversary of the National Day, a grand National Day parade and a mass celebration parade were held. This is the last grand National Day celebration held by the Peoples Republic of China in the 20th century.
Since the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China, a total of 15 military parades have been held during the National Day celebration. They were 11 times from 1949 to 1959, and four times from the 35th anniversary of National Day in 1984, the 50th anniversary of National Day in 1999, the 60th anniversary of National Day in 2009, and the 70th anniversary of National Day in 2019.
Expansion:
節(jié)日意義
Festival significance
國(guó)家象征
National symbols
國(guó)慶紀(jì)念日是近代民族國(guó)家的一種特征，是伴隨著近代民族國(guó)家的出現(xiàn)而出現(xiàn)的，并且變得尤為重要。它成為一個(gè)獨(dú)立國(guó)家的標(biāo)志，反映這個(gè)國(guó)家的國(guó)體和政體。
National Day commemoration is a characteristic of modern ethnic states, which emerged with the emergence of modern ethnic states and became particularly important. It becomes a symbol of an independent country, reflecting its state and political system.
功能體現(xiàn)
Functional embodiment
國(guó)慶這種特殊紀(jì)念方式一旦成為新的、全民性的節(jié)日形式，便承載了反映這個(gè)國(guó)家、民族的凝聚力的功能。同時(shí)國(guó)慶日上的大規(guī)模慶典活動(dòng)，也是政府動(dòng)員與號(hào)召力的具體體現(xiàn)。
Once the special commemorative method of National Day becomes a new and nationwide holiday form, it carries the function of reflecting the cohesion of the country and nation. At the same time, the large-scale celebration activities on National Day are also a concrete manifestation of the governments mobilization and appeal.
基本特征
basic feature
顯示力量、增強(qiáng)國(guó)民信心，體現(xiàn)凝聚力，發(fā)揮號(hào)召力，即為國(guó)慶慶典的三個(gè)基本特征。
Showing strength, enhancing national confidence, reflecting cohesion, and exerting appeal are the three basic characteristics of National Day celebrations.
國(guó)慶節(jié)習(xí)俗
National Day Customs
1）、張燈結(jié)彩
1) Lighting and Coloring
我國(guó)每逢國(guó)慶佳節(jié)，各企事業(yè)單位都會(huì)掛起燈籠或橫幅，用“歡度國(guó)慶”等標(biāo)語(yǔ)來(lái)慶祝國(guó)慶；廣場(chǎng)上則擺放著標(biāo)語(yǔ)字樣的盆景和氫氣球，用歡樂(lè)的氣氛來(lái)迎接國(guó)慶。
Every National Day holiday in our country, various enterprises and institutions will hang lanterns or banners and use slogans such as "Celebrate National Day" to celebrate National Day; On the square, bonsai with slogans and hydrogen balloons are placed, welcoming the National Day with a joyful atmosphere.
2）、國(guó)慶長(zhǎng)假
2) National Day holiday
每年10月1日是我國(guó)的國(guó)慶節(jié)，我國(guó)于1999年修訂發(fā)布《全國(guó)年節(jié)及紀(jì)念日放假辦法》，將國(guó)慶節(jié)與相鄰的周六、日組合為7天的國(guó)慶長(zhǎng)假，被稱之為“國(guó)慶黃金周”，用放假的形勢(shì)，讓老百姓共同感受國(guó)慶的歡樂(lè)。
October 1st is Chinas National Day every year. In 1999, China revised and issued the "National Day and Memorial Day Vacation Measures", which combines National Day with adjacent Saturdays and Sundays as a 7-day National Day long holiday, known as the "National Day Golden Week". With the holiday situation, people can experience the joy of National Day together.
3）、高速公路免費(fèi)
3) Freeway
隨著人民生活水平的日益提高，私家車已日益普及，人們通常會(huì)利用國(guó)慶7天長(zhǎng)假來(lái)游覽祖國(guó)的大好河山。因此，國(guó)家自2012年起，國(guó)慶期間的高速公路向私家車免費(fèi)通行。2023年國(guó)慶節(jié)假期免費(fèi)通行時(shí)間為9月30日00∶00至10月7日24∶00
With the increasing improvement of peoples living standards, private cars have become increasingly popular. People usually use the 7-day National Day holiday to visit the beautiful rivers and mountains of their motherland. Therefore, since 2012, highways during the National Day period have been free to private cars. The free passage time for the National Day holiday in 2023 is from 00:00 on September 30th to 24:00 on October 7th
4）、國(guó)慶閱兵
4) National Day Parade
新中國(guó)成立之后，根據(jù)中國(guó)人民政治協(xié)商會(huì)議的決定，把閱兵列為國(guó)慶大典的一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容。從1949年開(kāi)國(guó)大典至1959年建國(guó)10周年，新中國(guó)每年在天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)舉行一次大規(guī)模的國(guó)慶閱兵，前后共舉行了11次。
After the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China, according to the decision of the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference, the military parade was listed as an important part of the National Day celebration. From the founding ceremony in 1949 to the 10th anniversary of the founding of the Peoples Republic of China in 1959, New China held a large-scale National Day parade every year at Tian an men Square, with a total of 11 events held before and after.
1960年9月，中共中央、國(guó)務(wù)院本著厲行節(jié)約、勤儉建國(guó)的方針，決定改革國(guó)慶典禮制度，實(shí)行“五年一小慶、十年一大慶，逢大慶舉行閱兵�！�
In September 1960, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council decided to reform the system of National Day ceremonies based on the principles of practicing thrift and building a country through diligence and frugality. They implemented the policy of "having a small celebration every five years and a big celebration every ten years, and holding a military parade every Daqing
1981年，根據(jù)鄧小平的提議，中共中央、中央軍委決定恢復(fù)閱兵，并于1984年國(guó)慶35周年時(shí)，舉行了恢復(fù)閱兵后第一次大型的國(guó)慶閱兵。
In 1981, according to Deng Xiaopings proposal, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Military Commission decided to resume the military parade, and on the 35th anniversary of the National Day in 1984, the first large-scale National Day parade was held after the resumption of the military parade.
中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)慶節(jié)成立以來(lái)，在國(guó)慶慶典上進(jìn)行閱兵分別是1949年至1959年間的11次和1984年國(guó)慶35周年、1999年國(guó)慶50周年、2009年國(guó)慶60周年。2019年10月1日，慶祝中華人民共和國(guó)成立70周年大會(huì)在北京隆重舉行。
Since the establishment of the National Day of the Peoples Republic of China, there have been 11 military parades held during the National Day celebrations from 1949 to 1959, as well as the 35th anniversary of the National Day in 1984, the 50th anniversary of the National Day in 1999, and the 60th anniversary of the National Day in 2009. On October 1, 2019, the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Peoples Republic of China was grandly held in Beijing.
5）、天安門(mén)升旗儀式
5) Flag raising ceremony at Tian an men Square
每逢國(guó)慶，去天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)看升國(guó)旗是無(wú)數(shù)人心中的夢(mèng)想。因此，利用國(guó)慶長(zhǎng)假去北京游玩的人們，通常會(huì)趕早來(lái)到天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)看國(guó)旗班的軍人升旗，以表達(dá)對(duì)祖國(guó)的無(wú)比熱愛(ài)，看著五星紅旗徐徐升起，心中的激動(dòng)無(wú)以言表。
On National Day, going to Tian an men Square to see the raising of the national flag is a dream in the hearts of countless people. Therefore, people who take advantage of the National Day holiday to visit Beijing usually come to Tian an men Square early to watch the soldiers of the national flag team raise the flag to express their immense love for the motherland. Watching the five-star red flag slowly rise, the excitement in their hearts is indescribable.
6）、國(guó)慶聯(lián)歡會(huì)
6) National Day Gala
國(guó)慶前后，各企事業(yè)單位為了慶祝國(guó)慶，弘揚(yáng)企業(yè)文化，都會(huì)組織員工開(kāi)展迎國(guó)慶聯(lián)歡會(huì)，用文藝表演的形式來(lái)表達(dá)國(guó)慶的喜悅。
Before and after the National Day, various enterprises and institutions organize employees to hold a celebration and promote corporate culture, using artistic performances to express the joy of National Day.
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