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春節(jié)的由來英文版
中國農(nóng)歷年的歲首稱為春節(jié)。是中國人民最隆重的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，也象征團(tuán)結(jié)、興旺，對未來寄托新的希望的佳節(jié)。據(jù)記載，中國人民過春節(jié)已有4000多年的歷史。關(guān)于春節(jié)的起源有很多說法。本文特意為大家收集整理了春節(jié)的由來英文版，趕緊來看看吧!
春節(jié)的由來英文版
Of all the traditional Chinese festivals, the new Year was perhaps the most elaborate, colorful, and important. This was a time for the Chinese to congratulate each other and themselves on having passed through another year, a time to finish out the old, and to welcome in the new year. Common expressions heard at this time are: GUONIAN to have made it through the old year, and BAINIAN to congratulate the new year.
眾多中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中，春節(jié)或許是最隆重盛大，富有色彩，最重要的節(jié)日了。這是一個(gè)中國人共同歡度，慶祝過去的一年，辭舊迎新的節(jié)日。春節(jié)里常聽到的話是：過年，意思是辭去過去的一年;拜年，意思是慶祝新的一年。
Like all Chinese festivals, the date of the New Year is determined by the lunar calendar rather than the Western calendar. Its origin is too old to be traced, but many believe the word Nian, which means "year", was the name of a beast that preyed on people on the eve of a new year.
像中國其他節(jié)日一樣，新年的日期是是由農(nóng)歷而不是公歷決定的。它歷史久遠(yuǎn)，已經(jīng)無法追溯。然而大家大都相信“年”這個(gè)詞，是一種怪獸的名字，它在每年的除夕夜里出來捕食人。
In one legend, the beast, Nian, had the power to swallow up all the people in a village in one big bite. Village people were very scared of Nian. One day, an old man came to the villagers rescue, offering to subdue Nian. The old man asked Nian, "I know you can swallow people, but can you swallow other beasts of prey instead of people who are by no means your worthy opponents?"Nian accepted the old mans challenge and swallowed the beasts that had harassed the villagers and their farm animals for years. At the end of the legend, the old man disappeared riding off on Nian. In this legend, the old man turned out to be an immortal god. In the end, Nian is gone and the other beasts of prey are scared into hiding in the forests. The villagers can once again enjoy their peaceful life.
傳說中，“年”這個(gè)怪獸，有能力一口吞掉一個(gè)村莊的人。人們都很害怕“年”。
一天，一位老人幫村民們征服了“年”。他對“年”說：“我聽說你很有能耐，但你能否把地球上其它的野獸都吃掉，而不是這些根本不是你對手的人類呢?”“年”接受了老人的挑戰(zhàn)，若干年里吃掉了好多害人和捕食農(nóng)場動(dòng)物的野獸。傳說的結(jié)尾，老人騎著怪獸“年”消失了。原來傳說中的這個(gè)老人是一位神仙。最后，怪獸“年”被趕走了，其他捕食的野獸也都嚇得躲進(jìn)了森林。村民們又過上了平靜的日子。
The legend goes on to say before the old man left, he told the villagers to put red paper decorations on their windows and doors at each years end in order to keep Nian away. It is believed Nian is afraid of the color red.
傳說里講，那位老人離開前告訴村民，每年年末都要在門窗上貼上裝飾的紅紙來嚇�！澳辍�，還讓年走的遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的。人們認(rèn)為“年”最怕的顏色是紅色。
From then on,the tradition of observing the conquest of Nian is carried on from generation to generation. The term "Guo Nian", which means "Survive the Nian" became "Celebrate the Year" and the word "guo" in Chinese means both "pass over" and "observe".
從那以后，慶祝征服“年”的傳統(tǒng)就一代一代傳下來了。“過年”(征服怪獸“年”，得以生存)現(xiàn)在演變成“慶祝新年”。“過”這個(gè)詞在中文里面既包含“逾越，度過”又包含“慶祝”的意思。
The custom of putting up red paper and lighting firecrackers to scare away Nian continues today.
貼紅紙條，燃放爆竹嚇跑怪獸“年”的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣一直延續(xù)到今天。
As part of the the Chinese New Year celebration, people buy presents, decorations, special foods and new clothing. Railroad stations throughout China are filled with travelers who take their vacation days around New Year to return home for a family reunion.
作為新年慶祝活動(dòng)的一部分，人們買禮物，裝飾品，特色食品和新衣裳。貫通中國的鐵路，承載著爆滿的旅客，旅客們都趕著回老家過春節(jié)假期，與佳人團(tuán)聚。
Days before the New Year celebration, Chinese families are busy giving their home a thorough cleaning. It is believed the cleaning sweeps away bad luck and makes the house ready for good luck to enter. All brooms and dust pans are put away on New Years Eve so good luck cannot be swept away.
春節(jié)的前些天，人們忙對屋子進(jìn)行一番徹底地打掃，人們認(rèn)為大掃除可以驅(qū)除壞運(yùn)氣，然后騰出地方來讓好運(yùn)氣進(jìn)到屋里面。除夕夜人們把掃帚和簸箕(裝垃圾用的)都收起來放好，這樣好運(yùn)氣就不會(huì)被趕跑了。
In many homes, doors and windowpanes get a new coat of red paint. The home is decorated with paper-cuts and poems called couplets of "happiness", "wealth", "longevity" and "satisfactory marriage with children".
家家戶戶的門和窗上都帖上了紅對子，屋子里也用剪紙和對聯(lián)裝飾著，對聯(lián)大多是這樣的內(nèi)容，--“幸�！薄鞍l(fā)財(cái)”“長壽”“婚姻和美，兒孫滿堂”。
The New Years Eve supper is a feast with all the members of the family getting together. One popular food is "jiaozi" which are dumplings boiled in water. After dinner, the whole family stays up all night playing cards, board games or watching TV programs dedicated to the New Years celebration. Lights in the house are kept on during the whole night. At midnight, the sky is lit up by fireworks which symbolize the sending out of the old year and the welcoming in of the new year.
新年的年夜飯是一場家里人團(tuán)聚的盛宴，最受歡迎的食物是“餃子”，在沸水里煮熟了吃。晚飯過后，全家人徹夜不睡，打牌，桌面游戲，看春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)。除夕之夜屋里徹夜通明，午夜時(shí)分，天空中燃放煙花爆竹，象征著送走過去的一年，迎來新的一年。
The public holiday for New Year lasts 3 days in China , but the festival traditionally lasts till the 15th day of the lunar month and ends with Lantern Festival. Here , houses are decorated with colorful lanterns, and yuanxiao is eaten.
在中國，新年的公共假期有三天，但傳統(tǒng)上春節(jié)一直要持續(xù)到正月十五，即元宵節(jié)后結(jié)束。這時(shí)房子用各式各樣的燈籠裝飾起來，大家又開始吃元宵了。
Chinese New Year customs vary from place to place in China because China is a big country geographically, demographically and ethnically. But the spirit underlying the diverse celebrations of the New Year is the same, a sincere wish of peace and happiness for family members and friends.
中國新年的習(xí)俗因地域不同而有所改變，因?yàn)橹袊鶈T遼闊，人口、種族眾多。但是不同形式的慶祝新年，最根本的思想，是希望家庭成員以及親朋好友能幸福平安!
春節(jié)的習(xí)俗英文
貼春聯(lián)
Paste up/stick spring couplets/scrolls
據(jù)說，沒有貼過春聯(lián)的中國人，人生是不完整的！什么？你就沒貼過？
嗯，好吧，朕知道了 。
春聯(lián)通常是成對張貼，因?yàn)殡p數(shù)在中國文化中是好運(yùn)和吉祥的象征。像所有武功秘籍一樣，家家戶戶過年的基本功——貼春聯(lián)也有一套口訣：人朝門立，右手為上，左手為下。這句話意思是對聯(lián)的出句應(yīng)貼在右手邊（即門的左邊），對句應(yīng)貼在左手邊（即門的右邊）。春聯(lián)的上下聯(lián)張貼的位置不應(yīng)太高或太低，一般應(yīng)以門楣的高低為準(zhǔn)。嗯，這套秘籍你掌握了沒？
Chinese characters that are auspicious forthe coming year are generally written on two pieces of red paper with ink and a brush, and glued by the sides of the doors.
貼福字
Paste up/stick the character of fu
據(jù)世紀(jì)君推測，春節(jié)期間，你家里至少有一個(gè)“�！弊�！請叫我福爾摩斯~
“福”不僅代表著福氣、福運(yùn)，更代表著福。寫在紅紙上的“福”字表達(dá)了中國人內(nèi)心對幸福的向往。大家印象中“福”字一般都是倒著貼，諧音意為“福到”了。但是福字一定要倒著貼嗎？
民俗專家表示，按照規(guī)范的民俗講究，大門上的福字必須是正貼，象征“迎�！焙汀凹{福”之意，而且大門是家庭的出入口，是一種莊重的地方，所貼的福字，須端莊大方，所以要正貼。而室內(nèi)的地方比如柜子、米缸等等就可以倒貼福字。
世紀(jì)君認(rèn)為，這兩款貼法看你喜歡，想怎么貼就怎么貼吧！
The character fu, or “happiness” is usually written on red diamond-shaped posters. They are usually stuck upside down on the doors. This is because the Chinese character dao (upside down) has the same sound as another dao, which means “arrive”. Placing fu upside down symbolizes the arrival of happiness.
放煙花/鞭炮
Set off fireworks/ firecrackers
老實(shí)交代，你是不是就是，或者曾經(jīng)是過年時(shí)用鞭炮“嚇人”的那個(gè)熊孩子？不過，鞭炮不是用來嚇“人”的。傳說中，煙花爆竹最開始是用來驅(qū)趕“年”這頭怪獸的。而現(xiàn)在放煙花、點(diǎn)鞭炮主要是為了增加節(jié)日氣氛，讓年味更濃。想象一下，除夕夜，四處都被煙花的閃閃光芒映亮，鞭炮聲震耳欲聾。一家人熬夜就為這個(gè)歡樂的時(shí)刻，孩子們一手捂著耳朵，一手興高采烈地點(diǎn)放著他們在這個(gè)特殊節(jié)日的快樂。這是屬于我們所有人的春節(jié)記憶。
Chinese people traditionally set off fireworks during Spring Festival, in the belief that this helps scare off the Nian and brings good fortune at the beginning of the year and good luck throughout the year.
拜年
Pay lunar New Year’s calls/visits; give Spring Festival greetings
拜年一般是家長帶著家里的晚輩去拜見親戚、朋友和長輩。有的地方還會(huì)讓晚輩跪下給老人磕頭，表達(dá)恭敬和祝福之意。
傳統(tǒng)的拜年手勢男女有別。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的男子作揖姿勢是右手成拳，左手包住。因?yàn)橛沂质枪羰�，要包住以示善意。女子則相反，但女子不抱拳，只壓手�？炜瓷蠄D的小朋友姿勢，多么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，不要吝嗇，給他10分！
It’s important that you pay relatives and friends a new year’s call during the holiday. This is done at people’s homesfromNew Year’s Day to the 15th day, or the Lantern Festival. People give each other best wishes and gifts. This is also a time for the younger generation to bow or kowtow to the elders for health, good fortune, work, and so on and to get a red package in return.
壓歲錢/紅包
Lucky money/ red envelop
一提起“紅包”很多人現(xiàn)在想起的都是微信紅包。但是紅包的鼻祖可是大家喜聞樂見的春節(jié)壓歲錢啊。為什么錢要放在紅包里呢？因?yàn)橹袊苏J(rèn)為紅色代表紅紅火火、生活幸福。紅包也包含了長輩對晚輩的祝福和期待。在香港，不止小孩會(huì)拿到紅包，只要為你服務(wù)的人，都可以給TA一個(gè)紅包，不過人家把這個(gè)叫“利是”。
For many young people, Chinese new year is just as much about yasuiqian — money in red envelopes traditionally given to children. On the Chinese mainland, kids get red envelopes at homefromtheir parents and relatives. In Hong Kong, it is also customary to give Lai See (利是), a gift of money, to anyone in your personal service, such as nannies and cleaners.
過年禁忌
New Year taboos
過年雖然是一個(gè)放松的時(shí)候，但是也不是百無禁忌。首先一點(diǎn)就是語言上忌諱。過年的時(shí)候像“死”、“失敗”、“病”這樣比較晦氣的話不能說 。
打破碗碟也是忌諱。如果不小心打破了，在場的人必須以迅雷不及掩耳盜鈴兒響叮當(dāng)之勢，說上兩句吉祥的順口溜，如“歲（碎）歲平安”，“打發(fā)（大發(fā)，發(fā)財(cái)之意）”等來彌補(bǔ)。
Words can reflect New Year taboos. People tendto, for example, avoid negative words, such as “failing”, “dying”, and “illness” during New Year’s celebrations. Breaking a dish is another taboo in some places, because it implies that you will not have a thing to eat.
很多地方過年的時(shí)候不能掃地，或者掃地時(shí)只能往屋內(nèi)掃，不能往屋外掃，因?yàn)檫@樣會(huì)把“財(cái)氣”掃出去。春節(jié)期間也不能扔垃圾，因?yàn)橥瑯佑锌赡苋拥簟柏?cái)運(yùn)”。但是現(xiàn)在，家里大魚大肉吃頓年夜飯就會(huì)有很多垃圾，更別提從初一到十五，人來客往，無數(shù)頓好吃的，這么多垃圾放在家里一直到正月十五也是醉了。對這些禁忌，大家隨意啦~
People do not carry the garbage out or clean the house on New Year’s Day or for the rest of the Spring Festival holiday, for fear of sweeping away good luck.
春節(jié)期間也忌諱剃頭。事實(shí)上整個(gè)正月都忌諱剃頭，因?yàn)樘觐^的話會(huì)“死舅舅”。這個(gè)習(xí)俗據(jù)說來源于清朝。滿清入關(guān)要求所有男子剃掉前額的頭發(fā)，在腦后扎一條辮子。當(dāng)時(shí)許多人把遵從傳統(tǒng)習(xí)慣和懷念明朝的情感結(jié)合起來，約定每到正月里大家都不剃頭，并將這個(gè)行動(dòng)定名為“思舊”，意思是“思念過去的歷史”。但隨著時(shí)間的流逝，口耳相傳，以訛傳訛，“思舊”的諧音附會(huì)成了“死舅”，于是有了流傳至今的民俗。
People usually get a haircut before the lunar new years eve because it is said that getting ones hair cut in the first lunar month puts a curse on ones maternal uncles.
春節(jié)正月習(xí)俗的英文介紹
The Chinese New Year celebrations are marked by visits to kin, relatives and friends, a practice known as "new-year visits" (Chinese: 拜年; pinyin: bài nián). New clothes are usually worn to signify a new year. The colour red is liberally used in all decorations. Red packets are given to juniors and children by the married and elders. See Symbolism below for more explanation.
Preceding days 春節(jié)前
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On the days before the New Year celebration Chinese families give their home a thorough cleaning. There is a Cantonese saying "Wash away the dirt on ninyabaat", but the practice is not usually restricted on ninyabaat . It is believed the cleaning sweeps away the bad luck of the preceding year and makes their homes ready for good luck. Brooms and dust pans are put away on the first day so that luck cannot be swept away. Some people give their homes, doors and window-frames a new coat of red paint. Homes are often decorated with paper cutouts of Chinese auspicious phrases and couplets. Purchasing new clothing, shoes, and receiving a hair-cut also symbolize a fresh start.
In many households where Buddhism or Taoism is prevalent, home altars and statues are cleaned thoroughly, and altars that were adorned with decorationsfromthe previous year are also taken down and burned a week before the new year starts, and replaced with new decorations. Taoists (and Buddhists to a lesser extent) will also "sendgods" , an example would be burning a paper effigy of Zao Jun the Kitchen God, the recorder of family functions. This is done so that the Kitchen God can report to the Jade Emperor of the family households transgressions and good deeds. Families often offer sweet foods (such as candy) in order to "bribe" the deities into reporting good things about the family.
The biggest event of any Chinese New Years Eve is the dinner every family will have. A dish consisting of fish will appear on the tables of Chinese families. It is for display for the New Years Eve dinner. This mealis comparable to Christmas dinner in the West. In northern China, it is customary to make dumplings after dinner and have it around midnight. Dumplings symbolize wealth because their shape is like a Chinese tael. By contrast, in the South, it is customary to make a new year cake after dinner and sendpieces of it as gifts to relatives and friends inthe coming days of the new year. Niangao literally means increasingly prosperous year in year out. After the dinner, some families go to local temples, hours before the new year begins to pray for a prosperous new year by lighting the first incense of the year; however in modern practice, many households hold parties and even hold a countdown to the new lunar year. Beginning in the 1980s, the CCTV New Years Gala was broadcast four hours before the start of the New Year.
First day 初一
The first day is for thewelcoming of the deities of the heavens and earth, officially beginning at midnight. Many people, especially Buddhists, abstainfrommeat consumption on the first day because it is believed that this will ensure longevity for them. Some consider lighting fires and using knives to be bad luck on New Years Day, so all food to be consumed is cooked the day before. For Buddhists, the first day is also the birthday of Maitreya Bodhisattva (better known as the more familiar Budai Luohan), the Buddha-to-be. People also abstainfromkilling animals.
Most importantly, the first day of Chinese New Year is a time when families visit the oldest and most senior members of their extended family, usually their parents, grandparents or great-grandparents.
Some families may invite a lion dance troupe as a symbolic ritual to usher in the Lunar New Year as well as to evict bad spiritsfromthe premises. Members of the family who are married also give red packets containing cash to junior members of the family, mostly children and teenagers.
While fireworks and firecrackers are traditionally very popular, some regions have banned them due to concerns over fire hazards, which have resulted in increased number of fires around New Years and challenged municipal fire departments work capacity. For this reason, various city governments issued bans over fireworks and firecrackers in certain premises of the city. As a substitute, large-scale fireworks have been launched by governments in cities like Hong Kong to offer citizens the experience.
Second day 初二
The second day of the Chinese New Year is for married daughters to visit their birth parents. Traditionally, daughters who have been married may not have the opportunity to visit their birth families frequently.
On the second day, the Chinese pray to their ancestors as well as to all the gods. They are extra kind to dogs and feed them well as it is believed that the second day is the birthday of all dogs.
Business people of the Cantonese dialect group will hold a Hoi/jr/Nin prayer to start their business on the 2nd day of Chinese New Year. The prayer is done to pray that they will be blessed with good luck and prosperity in their business for the year.
Third and fourth days 初三
The third and fourth day of the Chinese New Year are generally accepted as inappropriate days to visit relatives and friends due to the following schools of thought. People may subscribe to one or both thoughts.
1) It is known as "chì kǒu" , meaning that it is easy to get into arguments. It is suggested that the cause could be the fried food and visiting during the first two days of the New Year celebration.[citation needed]
2) Families who had an immediate kin deceased in the past 3 years will not go house-visiting as a form of respect to the dead, but people may visit them on this day. Some people then conclude that it is inauspicious to do any house visiting at all. The third day of the New Year is allocated to grave-visiting instead.
Fifth day 初五
In northern China, people eat jiǎo zi, or dumplings on the morning of Po Wu . This is also the birthday of the Chinese god of wealth. In Taiwan, businesses traditionally re-open on this day,accompanied by firecrackers.
Seventh day 初七
The seventh day, traditionally known as renri 人日,the common mans birthday, the day when everyone grows one year older. It is the day when tossed raw fish salad, yusheng, is eaten. This is a custom primarily among the overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia, such as Malaysia and Singapore. People get together to toss the colourful salad and make wishes for continued wealth and prosperity.
For many Chinese Buddhists, this is another day to avoid meat, the seventhday commemorating the birth of Sakra Devanam Indra.
Eighth day 初八
Another family dinner to celebrate the eve of the birth of the Jade Emperor. However, everybody should be back to work by the 8th day. All of government agencies and business will stop celebrating by the eighth day.
Ninth day 初九
The ninth day of the New Year is a day for Chinese to offer prayers to the Jade Emperor of Heaven (天宮) in the Taoist Pantheon. The ninth day is traditionally the birthday of the Jade Emperor. This day is especially important to Hokkiens. Come midnight of the eighth day of the new year, Hokkiens will offer thanks giving prayers to the Emperor of Heaven. Offerings will include sugarcane as it was the sugarcane that had protected the Hokkiensfromcertain extermination generations ago. Incense, tea, fruit, vegetarian food or roast pig, and paper gold is served as a customary protocol for paying respect to an honored person.
Tenth day 初十
The other day when the Jade Emperors birthday is celebrated.
Thirteenth day 正月十三
On the 13th day people will eat pure vegetarian food to clean out their stomach due to consuming too much food over the last two weeks.
This day is dedicated to the General Guan Yu, also known as the Chinese God of War. Guan Yu was born in the Han dynasty and is considered the greatest general in Chinese history. He/jr/represents loyalty, strength, truth, and justice. According to history, he was tricked by the enemy and was beheaded.
Almostevery organization and business in China will pray to Guan Yu on this day. Before his lifeended, Guan Yu had won over one hundred battles and that is a goal that all businesses in China want toaccomplish. In a way, people look at him as the God of Wealth or the God of Success.
Fifteenth day 正月十五
The fifteenth day of the new year is celebrated as yuán xiāo jié, otherwise known as Chap Goh Mei in Fujian dialect. Rice dumplings tangyuan (simplified Chinese: traditional Chinese: pinyin: tāngyuán), a sweet glutinous rice ball brewed in a soup, is eaten this day. Candles are lit outside houses as a way to guide wayward spirits home. This day is celebrated as the Lantern Festival, and families walk the street carrying lighted lanterns.
This day often marks theendof the Chinese New Year festivities.
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