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成人高考專升本英語應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)
語法
語法包含的內(nèi)容很多,比較繁雜,每次考試中基本上是一個小題一個語法點,但都是最基本的語法。這也就要求考生比較全面地掌握基本語法。根據(jù)歷年的考題,?嫉恼Z法大體上包括時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、非謂語動詞、倒裝句、反義疑問句、從句、形容詞和副詞的比較、主謂一致性、一些固定句型等。下面作簡單的講解。
l.時態(tài)
時態(tài)在英語語言學(xué)習(xí)中是最基本的,也是最困惑的難點之一?梢哉f不學(xué)會時態(tài)就無法與人交流。有關(guān)時態(tài)的出題方式,通常要求考生根據(jù)已給的題干中的主句或從句中的時態(tài)或表示時間的狀語部分,判斷四個選項中的正確一項。下面的表格(表l~表5)可以幫助考生對比各時態(tài)的差別,從而輕松理解、記憶并使用。
表l一般時
過去時 |
worked |
He worked 12 hours yesterday. 他昨天工作了12個小時。 |
現(xiàn)在時 |
work |
He works for his father. 他為他父親干活。 |
將來時 |
will/shall work |
He will work in a factory as an engineer. 他將在工廠里當(dāng)工程師。 |
表2進(jìn)行時
過去進(jìn)行時 |
was/were working |
He was working on his paper when I called him. 我給他打電話時他正在寫論文。 |
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 |
is/are/am working |
He is working now. 他正在干活。 |
將來進(jìn)行時 |
will/shall be working |
He will be working on his finals this time tomorrow. 明天的這個時候他會在復(fù)習(xí)期末考試。 |
表3完成時
過去完成時 |
had worked |
He had worked ten hours when you came in. 你進(jìn)來時他已經(jīng)干了l0個小時了。 |
現(xiàn)在完成時 |
have/has worked |
He has never worked so late this week. 這個星期他還從未工作到如此晚。 |
將來完成時 |
will/shall have worked |
He will have finished his work by then. 到那時他已經(jīng)完成他的工作了。 |
表4完成進(jìn)行時
過去 完成進(jìn)行時 |
had been working |
He had not been working when I came in. 我進(jìn)來時他并沒有在干活。 |
現(xiàn)在 完成進(jìn)行時 |
have/has been working |
He has been working on his paper all week. 他的論文寫了一個星期了。 |
將來 完成進(jìn)行時 |
will/shall have been working |
He will have been working for the boss for ten days tomorrow. 到明天他就應(yīng)該已經(jīng)給這個老板干了l0天活了。 |
表5過去將來時
過去將來時 |
would/should work |
He said he would not work tomorrow. 他說他明天不上班。 |
過去將來 進(jìn)行時 |
would/should be working |
I never thought that someday I would be working with him. 我從來沒想過某一天競跟他一起做事。 |
過去將來 完成時 |
would/should have worked |
He told me that he would have finished his work by the end of September. 他告訴我到九月底他會完成他的工作。 |
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