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中考英語九大話題作文的擬題技巧
近幾年來,英語考場作文命題的思路發(fā)生了重大的變化,話題作文因其具有開放性和自由度成了許多命題人首選。下面是小編為大家搜索整理了關于九大話題作文的擬題技巧,歡迎參考閱讀,希望對大家有所幫助!
作為一名考生,為自己的文章擬一個能體現智慧與匠心的標題,既可以酣暢淋漓的展示自己的個性與文化修養(yǎng),又可以給閱卷老師一份見面禮,讓他們在倦怠有一種如獲至寶的驚喜,同時也關乎考場作文等級的評定。
作文的題目猶如人的眼睛。如果我們能夠讓我們作文的眼睛更加明亮、有神,我們的作品將會贏得更多的青睞,產生先聲奪人的首因效應。那么,作文的標題怎樣才能做到新奇別致,自出新裁呢?
一、引用化用法:
“他山之石,可以攻玉”,直接引用或化用我們耳熟能詳的詩詞歌曲、名言警句、影視書名、影視劇名、新聞標題、電臺欄目等作為文章的題目,可以先給文章定下一種調子,給人一種風格迥異,個性鮮明的感覺,如:
1、“青春”話題:《一笑而過》、《明明白白我的心》、《花兒為什么這樣紅》
2、“成長”話題:《無限風光在險峰》、《一枝紅杏出墻來》
3、“理想”話題:《我的未來不是夢》、《我心永恒》、《化蝶飛》
4、“考試”話題:《成也蕭何、敗也蕭何》、《莫道不銷魂》
5、“理解”話題:《對面的老師看過來》、《別說我的眼淚你無所謂》、《有一點動心》
6、“信念”話題:《陽光總在風雨后》、《我想我會成功》
7、“誠信”話題:《眾里尋它千百度》、《千呼萬喚始出來》
8、“環(huán)!痹掝}:《我想有個家——一只小鳥的心聲》、《插翅難飛》。
標題1、3、5、6都是引用大家喜歡熟知的歌曲,活潑而不失優(yōu)雅,貼近學生生活,妙趣橫生;標題2、7引用詩詞名句,既具有濃郁的文化韻致,又蘊含深刻的雙關含義;標題4引用經典名言,典雅而深刻;標題8引用影視劇名,頗具匠心。
二、自我陶醉法:
“有我之境,以我觀物,故物我皆著我之色彩”。自我陶醉正是個性張揚的開始,作文標題中一個“我”在,表達起來自然就還給人一種輕松、愉快的感覺。
1、“欣賞”話題:《酸酸甜甜就是我》、《我就是春天》
2、“驕傲”話題:《13歲,我為你驕傲》、《相信自己的感覺真棒》
3、“渴望”話題:《給我一雙翅膀吧》、《好想好好愛“你”――我的假日》
4、“自信”話題:《自己才是最重要的》、《我是我的天使》
5、“處世”話題:《走自己的路,讓別人說去吧》、《一個人的精彩》
6、“自由”話題:《心想喝歌就唱歌》、《我的地盤,聽我的!》
花樣年華,花樣心情。這些標題有的激情飛揚、有的天真爛漫、有的真情眷眷、有的初生牛犢不怕虎、有的渴望自由,形式活潑,散發(fā)出一股青春氣息,彰顯著個體色彩。
三、巧用公式法
運用數字或者運用數學、物理、化學中的程式的形式來設計作文題目,簡練精當,形式新穎,邏輯嚴密,給人以啟示。如:
1、“生命”話題:《10—1=0》
2、“教育”話題:《∞×0=0》
3、“成功”話題:《立志+努力=成功》
4、“修身”話題:《100<1+冷靜》
5、“誠信”話題:《誠實+信用=財富》
6、“成功”話題:《成功=實力+創(chuàng)新+機遇》
標題1,強調了“生命”只有一次機會,不像網絡游戲,有多少次機會;標題2,表 明教育的成敗得失取決于不能有本質上的失誤,如品行、身體等因素不容忽視。標題3,說明成功的要素是立志和努力。標題4,強調冷靜的重要性。標題5,表明 “誠信”是一筆寶貴的財富。標題7,表明成功需要三個因素。以上六例顯示這種數字、算式型標題的簡明生動,確實給人一種耳目一新的感覺。
四、反彈琵琶法:
這一些文學作品中常用的一種構思方法,也適用于話題作文的擬題。設置一個誘人的懸念,或不同尋常的結局,容易抓住讀者的心,這在浩如煙海的作文堆里,不失為一種間接強迫老師不要忽略你存在的妙法了。如:
1、“師生關系”話題:《老師,你錯了》
2、“素質教育”話題:《考場“三絕活”》
3、“男生女生”話題:《天很藍、我不騙你》
4、“男生女生”話題:《那小子真帥》
5、“保護環(huán)境”話題:《兩只離了婚的魚》
6、“校園生活”話題:《我“失戀”了》
7、“網絡學習”話題:《最慘烈的一場戰(zhàn)斗》
老師會犯什么錯誤,一個學生怎么能這么說老師?考試還有什么“三絕活”?《天很 藍,我不騙你》跟同學生活有什么關系?太扯了吧!魚為什么會離婚?《那小子真帥》、《我“失戀”了》是不是涉及敏感話題?太大膽了吧!網絡學習中會有什么 慘烈的戰(zhàn)斗?這些題目,任誰也會眼花繚亂,任誰也想探問究竟。
五、妙用修辭法
這種方法,是指運用比喻、擬人、夸張、對偶、雙關、反詰等修辭手法擬題,使題目生動,鮮明,美妙,貼切。美總是借助聯想和想象的翅膀,以感情為鋪墊,并以一定的形式表現出來。巧用修辭,可以增加文章的美感,使文章顯得含蓄雋永,余味無窮。如:
1、“愛心”話題:《陽光的腳步》
2、“環(huán)!痹掝}:《一張漁網的訴說》《死去的風箏》、《哭泣的老樹》
3、“自我”話題:《選擇生活的色彩》
4、“幸!痹掝}:《雪花的快樂》、《無憂鳥》
5、“奉獻”話題:《最后的燭淚》
6、“選擇”話題:《安能取熊掌而舍魚?》
7、“發(fā)現”話題:《究竟誰錯了?》、《林黛玉非死不可嗎?》
8、“誠信”話題:《生命“誠”可貴》
9、“教育”話題:《減負不能隨意減“副”》
標題1、2、4、5擬人;標題3比喻;標6、7反問;標8、9雙關。這些題目,由于運用了恰當的修辭,所以閃亮靈動,余味綿綿。
六、聯想煽情法
創(chuàng)設一定的情景,或開門見山,把人真接引和到某一件事物中去,可情景并茂,可引人深思。既有詩情,又有畫意,韻味無窮。
1、“機遇”話題:《猶豫·失去·失敗》
2、“故鄉(xiāng)”話題:《藍藍的月,藍藍的夢》
3、“享受”話題:《紅舞鞋·藍精靈》
4、“理想”話題:《夢的伊甸園還在那邊》
5、“友誼”話題:《撿起你腳下的蘑菇》
6、“時光”話題:《有這么一個故事》
7、“信心”話題:《伸手就是光明》
8、“感悟”話題:《不經意的美麗》
這些標題,語言優(yōu)美,形象生動,以有限的言詞顯露出無限的生活意蘊,創(chuàng)造出無限的馳騁想象的空間,寫出作者對生活獨到的人生體驗,展示深厚的文學素養(yǎng),很容易就讓讀者隨之進入作者的心情中,與之產生情感上的共鳴,具有極強的感染力。
七、踏雪尋梅法
對材料話題作文,順著材料所給出的話題,進行深化、探究,在濃縮中再把觀點提升到具有一定哲理的高度,讓讀者于欽佩中得到達到一種新的境界,從而獲得一種審美的愉悅,也不失一種擬題的好方法。如:
1、“改變”話題:《換一種方式生活會更美》
2、“挫折”話題:《讓生命的意志再堅強些》
3、“成功”話題:《成功自有規(guī)則》
4、“奉獻”話題:《“添柴”與“烤火”》
5、“金錢”話題:《利益在騙人》
6、“經歷”話題:《走過去就不要后悔》
7、“創(chuàng)新”話題:《打開你的眼睛》
8、“奉獻”話題:《收獲源于付出》
這些根據材料提供的話題,進一步挖深、提煉出來的題目,源源源于材料而高于材料,加進去個體的感悟與理解,充滿了理性的光輝,于平凡中見奇倔,也是很多喜歡定議論文的同學擬題一種好方法,很有思想深度。
八、故事新編法:
將傳統的故事,賦予新的時代內容,聯系生活,影視社會現象,嬉笑弄罵,皆成文章,是網絡上很流行的一種寫文章的方式,往往讓人先是忍俊不禁,捧腹大笑,既而深思沉吟,慨然長嘆,最后心有戚戚,長縈于胸。如:
1、“環(huán)境”話題:《三個和尚沒水吃新編》(原因不是懶而是因為山下的井要么被污染、要么干涸、要么被開發(fā)作為旅游資源禁止取用)
2、“誠信”話題:《狼來了新編》
3、“智慧”話題:《英明的上帝》
4、“合作”話題:《三個臭皮匠,頂個諸葛亮》
5、“熱點”話題:《魏青剛成名后》
6、“歷史”話題:《荊軻刺秦王新傳》
7、“名著”話題:《唐僧取經回來之后》
這些擬題大膽而新奇,通常為一些思維活躍,幽默風趣而又才華橫溢、關注生活,喜歡閱讀魯迅先生《故事新編》之類文章的同學喜歡采用的一種方法。
“花香蝶自來,題好一半文”,一篇文章有一個好的標題,就像一個人有一雙明亮有 神的眼睛一樣,留給別人的是將是十分美好而深刻的印象,同時也是文學修養(yǎng),語言功底,思想魅力的最直接的流露,從考試的角度來說,更是作文質量高底的一桿 標尺。所以,對于話題作文的擬題我們一定要多一些有針對性的訓練,掌握一定的技巧,達到需要應用時信手拈來,出語不俗的效果,感動自己,征服讀者。
8、“誠信”話題:《生命“誠”可貴》
9、“教育”話題:《減負不能隨意減“副”》
標題1、2、4、5擬人;標題3比喻;標6、7反問;標8、9雙關。這些題目,由于運用了恰當的修辭,所以閃亮靈動,余味綿綿。
【拓展內容】
中考英語作文寫作技巧
一、怎樣寫好文章的開頭
開頭是作文在閱卷老師面前的第一次亮相,它將決定你所寫的文章在閱卷老師心中所留下的第一印象。如果第一印象好,就意味著有了良好的開端,也就成功了一半。Good beginning is half done,我們該怎樣一提起筆就讓自己成功一半呢?
(一)“開門見山”式開頭
一般來說,文章的開頭應盡量做到“開門見山”,即要用簡單明了的語言引出文章的話題,使人一開始就能了解文章要說明的內容。
1. 對于敘事類的文章,可以在開頭把人物、時間、事件和環(huán)境交代清楚。如“ATrip to Huangshan(黃山之旅)”的開頭可以是:Last month, my family went to Huangshan by train. It took us tenhours to get there. What a long and tiring journey! We were tired but the beautiful scenery excited us.
2. 對于論述性的文章,可以在開頭處先闡明自己的觀點,接著展開進一步的論述。如“The Time and the Money(時間和金錢)” 的開頭可以是:Most people say that money is more important than time. But I don’tthink so. First, when money is used up, you can earn it back, but……
(二)回憶性開頭
在描述事件或游記類的文章中,采用回憶性的開頭往往更能吸引人的眼球。這種類型的開頭中通常含有描述自己心情或情緒的詞匯,如neverforget (永遠無法忘記), remember (記得),unforgettable (難以忘懷的), exciting(令人激動的),surprising(令人驚訝的), sad (難過的)……如“A Trip to Huangshan(黃山之旅)”的開頭還以這樣寫:I will never forget my first tripto Huangshan. 或It was really an unforgettableexperience I had.
(三)疑問性開頭
在敘事類或論述性的文章中,都可采用疑問型開頭,這樣既可以吸引閱卷者的注意又容易抓住中心。如“PlantingTrees(種樹)”的開頭可以 是:Have you everplanted trees? Don’t you think planting trees is ……
再如“Traveling Abroad(出國之旅)”的開頭可以是:If you have an opportunity to travel abroad, why not consider Singapore?
(四)倒敘式開頭
在有的文章,特別是敘事類的文章中,可以采用倒敘的寫作手法,先寫出事件的結果,再陳述過程。如“CatchingThieves (捉賊)”的開頭可以這樣寫:I lay in bed in the hospital. I smiled at my friendseven though my legs hurt. Do you want to know what happened to me? Let me tellyou. It’s a … story.
二、怎樣寫好文章的結尾
文章的結尾沒有固定的模式,同學們可 以根據表達主題的需要靈活創(chuàng)造。一般情況下,記敘文和說明文經常采用自然結尾的方法;但夾敘夾議和發(fā)表觀點類的文章則往往有結束語,以使文章首尾呼應,結 構完整。文章結尾的形式也因文章類別和開頭的風格而靈活多變。
(一)自然結尾,點明主題
隨著文章的結束,文章自然而然地結尾。如“Helping the Policeman(幫助警察)”的結尾可以是:The two children were praised bythe police and they felt happy.
再如“The Tortoise and the Hare(龜兔賽跑)”的結尾可以是:When the hare got to the tree, the tortoise hadalready been there。
(二)首尾呼應,升華主題
在文章的結尾可以用含義較深的話點明主題,深化主題,起到“畫龍點睛”的效果。如“I Love My Hometown(我愛家鄉(xiāng))”的結尾可以是:I love my hometown, and I am proud of it.
(三)反問結尾,引起深思
這種方式的結尾雖然形式是問句,但意義卻是肯定的,而且具有一定的強調作用,可引起他人的深思。如 “LearningEnglish can Give us a Lot of Pleasure (學英語能為我們帶來許多樂趣)” 的結尾可以是:If we learn English well, we can …Don’t you think learning English is great fun?
(四)表達祝愿,闡述愿望
這種方式的結尾常出現在書信或演講稿的文體中,表示對他人的祝福或對將來的展望等。如“A Letter to theFarmers(給農民們的一封信)”的結尾可以是:I hopethe farmers’ life will be better and better.
另外,書信的結尾常有以下形式的祝福語:Bestwishes;I wish you a merry Christmas and a happy newyear;I wish you have a good time等。
作文評分標準
中考作文一般從內容、語言、組織結構這三方面進行評分(總分20分):
(一)內容(滿分8)
7-8分:內容切題,意思連貫,表達清楚、完整。
5-6分:內容基本切題,意思大致連貫,表達基本清楚、但不夠完整。
2-4分:內容不夠切題,意思不夠連貫,表達不夠清楚、有些離題。
0-1分:文不對題,表達不清。
。ǘ┱Z言(滿分8)
詞數:每少5個單詞扣0.5分,以此類推。只寫出個別單詞、詞不成句不給分。
拼寫:每處錯誤扣0.5分,同一錯誤不重復計數。
語法:每處錯誤扣0.5分,同一語法錯誤不重復扣分。
標點符號、大小寫:每兩處錯誤扣0.5分,但扣分總和不超過1分。
。ㄈ┙M織結構(滿分4)
內容充實,上下文連貫,用語規(guī)范,表達準確,無語法錯誤;詞匯和句型句式運用恰當,多見好句型和習慣表達用語者,可給3-4分。
內容充實,不寫廢話,上下文連貫,用語規(guī)范,表達準確,無或少見語法錯誤;詞匯和句型句式運用恰當,多見好句型和習慣表達用語者,可給2分。
一般情況下,內容和語言累計得分在15分以上者(含),方可得到1-2分組織結構分。
內容和語言在15分以下者,如文中有值得肯定的好的句型和表達,可酌情考慮給1分組織結構分。
通篇句型句式單一、詞匯貧乏者,即使無語法錯誤,一般也不予給組織結構分。
分類作文提綱
一、活動介紹類
首段:
(1) I’m pleased to know that you’re greatly interested in ... ,so I’d like to share a piece of good news that there will be a ... .Now,let me offer you some useful information.
(2) It’s my great honor to invite you to enter a ... .Now,let me offer you some useful information about it.
(3) It’s time for us to say goodbye to our school life soon.Surprisingly,there is a/an... prepared for us.Now,let me offer you some information about it.
主體段:
1.時間&地點:The ... will be held in Classroom 302 at 3 o’clock in the afternoon on June 8th,2019.
2.內容:
(1)主題句:There will be various meaningful activities included in it.
(2)要點:First of all,You will be invited to .../You will be given a chance to ... .which will ...
After that,It will be more than interesting for you to .../It will impress you a lot to ... so that ...
At last,doing sth. will play an important part in ... .So ...
尾段:
That’s all.I firmly believe that if you join in it,you will ... .
That’s all.I sincerely hope that you can come and share the happiness/fun with us.
二、寫人敘事類
首段:
(1)朋友:A friendin need is a friendindeed.I have a friendjust like that who often offers me much warmth in my life. Let me introduce him to you.
(2)父母:If you ask me who is the most important one to me,without doubt,the answer is my ... . Let me introduce him to you .
(3)老師:In both my life and study,my ... teacher is special to me because he is not only my teacher but also my friendwho has made a great difference to my character.
主體段:
1.外貌:... is very beautiful but a little fat with long hair and big eyes.
2.性格:...is an outgoing woman who always gets along well with people around her./ ... is very kind to others and easy to get on with./is so ready to help others that we all like to make friends with him.
3.愛好:She is especially good at cooking and often cooks different delicious foods for me.
4.事例:
(1)Linda is like an angel. Whenever I meet trouble, she will always be there. When I fail my test, She always encourages me to face the fact bravely and then tries to help me to check the reason why I fail. At the same time, she shares her good ways of studying with me.
。2)My Chinese teacher, Ms Li, not only teaches us how to learn, but also teaches us how to be a person. I remember I made a serious mistakes in Grade seven, that was to copy others’ homework. Ms Li knew that. Instead of being angry with me, she told me the importance of study and encouraged me to study hard to become a talented person in the future.
(3)Last term, I failed my exam. I was so that that I cried sadly in my room. When my mother camefromwork late, she talked with me patiently and cheered me up. That evening, when I woke up at night, my mother was still working. I was deeply moved. Then I made up my mind to study harder than before.
尾段:
As a sunshine teenager, Xiao Hui is a good example for us to learnfrom./I will treasure the friendship forever.
Now I understand my father’s love to me. I will never forget what my father did for me and try my best to make him pleased.
He is an excellent teacher I will never forget and love him forever.
三、咨詢建議類
首段:
I’m sorry to hear that you have difficulty in doing ... .Don’t worry about it!Here are some useful suggestions I ‘d like to share with you.
主體段:
1.主題句:Actually,if you are careful, you’ll find various simple ways to help you solve the problem.
2.要點:
First and foremost,It’s +adj/n.+for/of sb. to do ... .So that...
In addition,you are supposed to do ... ,which can not only ... but also ...
What’s more,you had better (not) do ... ,because ...
Last but not least,I suggest you (should) do ... ,fromwhich,you’re able to do ...
尾段:
With these suggestions carried out,I firmly believe you will improve ... a lot.
I sincerely hope that my suggestions can be of great help.Looking forward to your earliest reply.
四、觀點看法類
首段:
With the development of the science and technology/society,...is becoming more and more serious./the problem about ... is under a heated discussion/ ... has become a hot topic.As for that,There are different opinions among people.
主體段:
On the one hand, some people hold the idea that ... .The reasons are as follows.First, ... .Second, ... .Last, ... .
On the other hand,others disagree.They suppose that ... .Because ... .More importantly, ... .
尾段:
As far as I’m concerned,every coin has two sides,and ... is not a n exception.As long as we treat ... properly,it will be of great help.
中考作文經典詞句
一、常用的名言警句
1. Actions speak louder than words.事實勝于雄辯.
2. A friendin need is a friendindeed.患難朋友才是真朋友.
3. Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成.
4. All roads lead to Rome.條條大道通羅馬.
5. Every man has his weak side.人人都有缺點?
6. Failure is the mother of success.失敗是成功之母?
7. Nothing in the world is difficult if you set your mind to it.世上無難事,只怕有心人。
8. A life without a friendis a life without a sun.人若無友,就如同生命中沒有太陽。
9. All things are difficult before they are easy.萬事開頭難。
10. Always prepare for a rainy day.未雨綢繆。
11. Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。
12. Bad news has wings.好事不出門,壞事傳千里。
13. You have to believe in yourself. That’s the secret of success.你必須相信自己,這是成功的關鍵。
14. Don’t judge a man by his looks.不可以貌取人。
二、常用過渡語
1.表起始的過渡語:first of all, to begin with, first and foremost等。
2.表時間的過渡語:first, at first, then, later, in theend, finally, afterwards, after that, since then, for the first time, at last, as soon as, the next moment, meanwhile, later on, soon,等。
3.表空間的過渡語:on the right/left, to the right/left of, on one side of…on the other side of…, at the foot/top/endof, in the middle/centre of, next to, farfrom, in front of等.
4.表因果的過渡語:for, since,as,because of, thus, so, as a result (of)等.
5.表轉折的過渡語:but, yet, however, after all, in fact, while, on the contrary, instead of, although, otherwise, in spite of等。
6.表列舉的過渡語:for example, such as, like, as follows, in other words, and so on等。
7.表推進的過渡語:on one hand… on the other hand…, in addition to, as well, still, also, in other words, not only…but also…, besides, in addition,furthermore, what’s more, moreover等.
8.表總結的過渡語:in short, in a word, in general, in brief, in all, all in all,above all等.
三、常用句型
1.重點句型
1). It’s adj for sb to do做…對某人來說…
2). …so … that …如此…以至于… …too … to do太…而不能…such … that …如此…以至于…
3). not…until…直到…才…
例: I didn’t go to bed until my mother came back.
4).The reason why +句子is that +句子…的原因是…
The reason why he got angry was that she told him a lie. (他生氣的原因是她對他說了謊。)
5). That is why +句子那是…的原因
6). That is because +句子那是因為…
7). It is said that +句子據說… It is reported that +句子據報道…
8). There is no doubt that +句子毫無疑問…
9). It goes without saying that +句子不言而喻,毫無疑問
10). There is no need to do沒必要做…
11). There is no point in doing做某事毫無意義
2.提建議
had better (not) do最好(不)做
It’s +adj./n. of/for sb. to do
I suggest that you (should) do我建議你做…
be supposed to do應該做
If I were you, I would do…我要是你的話,我會做…
Don’t forget to do=Remember to do...
Why not do / why don’t you do…?為什么不…
How about / what about doing …怎么樣?
3.表示喜歡和感興趣
like / love doing=enjoy doing=be fond of doing喜歡做…
prefer to do A rather than do B寧愿做A也不愿做B
be interested in doing = show/ take great interest in n./ doing...感興趣
4. .努力做…
try to do努力做… try one’s best to do= do one’s best to do竭盡全力做…
make efforts to do = make every effort to do盡力做…
do what sb can (do ) to do盡力做…
spare no effort to do不遺余力的做…
do what / everything sb. can to do盡某人全力做…
5.打算做… /計劃做…
intend/ plan to do打算做… be going to do打算/計劃做…
decide to do決定做… determine to do決定做…
make up one’s mind to do下定決心做…
6.表示想/希望
want to do = would like to do想做…
hope/wish to do希望做… expect to do期待著做…
desire to do=have a great desire to do
7.只加doing作賓語的動詞
finish / keep / practice / suggest / allow / consider / mind / miss / avoid / imagine / enjoy doing
固定搭配
look forward to doing盼望做…keep on doing堅持做…dream of doing夢想做…
can’t help doing情不自禁地做… keep / stop / prevent sb.fromdoing阻止某人做…
be busy (in ) doing be busy with +名詞忙于做…
spendtime / money (in )doing spendtime / money on +名詞花費時間做…
have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself doing玩得開心
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