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一、打電話(Making phone calls)
1、請(qǐng)給某人/某單位打電話。
Would/could/can you ring up...?請(qǐng)你...打電話好吧?
句中ring up意思是"給某人打電話"。除了用ring up外，還可用call,call up,telephone 等，意思相同。can you...?用得最普通;could/would you...?用在正式場(chǎng)合，比較禮貌。
2、電話撥不通時(shí)常說(shuō)：
The line is busy .I can't get through.電話占線，我打不通。/ I'll try again later.我過(guò)一會(huì)兒再打。
其中l(wèi)ine指電話線路，get through 指接通電話。
3、電話撥通后相互打招呼：
Hello,(name or telephone number)你好，(并通報(bào)本人的姓名或單位名稱或電話號(hào)碼)Hello,is that...speaking?你是...嗎? / Who is that speaking/calling?你是誰(shuí)?/ Who is speaking/calling, please?你是誰(shuí)?
應(yīng)答時(shí)常說(shuō)：Yes,(this is)...speaking.是的，我是...。/ Yes,it's...here. 我是...。
4、打電話請(qǐng)對(duì)方找人或留言：
Is...in/at home? 某某在家嗎?/ Can/may/could I speak to...,please?請(qǐng)...接電話好嗎?/ Will/would you give a message to...,please?請(qǐng)給...捎個(gè)口信好嗎? / Would you tell him my telephone number, please? 請(qǐng)你把我的電話號(hào)碼告訴他好嗎?/ Can/could you ask...to ring me back, please?請(qǐng)叫...給我回個(gè)電話好嗎?
應(yīng)答時(shí)常說(shuō)：
Hold on/Wait a minute/One moment, please. 請(qǐng)等一等。/ I'm sorry...is not in./at home now.對(duì)不起，...現(xiàn)在不在。/ Can I take a message? 我能給你捎口信好嗎?/ Does he have your telephone number?他有你的電話號(hào)碼嗎?/ I'll ask him to call you back. 我叫他給你回電話。
二、勸告和建議(Advice and suggestion)
1、You'd better (not)do sth... 你最好(不)干...。/ You should do sth. 你應(yīng)該干...。/ You need(to)do sth. 你需要干...。
2、Why don't you do sth? 為什么不...。/ Why not do sth? 為什么不...。這是以反問(wèn)的方式提出勸告或建議，含有建議對(duì)方去干某事的意思，而不是詢問(wèn)對(duì)方為何不去干某事的原因。
3、What/How about +名詞或動(dòng)名詞...? 這種句型表達(dá)隨便的建議，有征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)的意思，多數(shù)情況下是建議和對(duì)方一起做某事。
4、"Shall we...?"這種句型用于建議對(duì)方與自己一起做什么，是一種普通的表示建議的方法。它和"Let's...,shall we?"句型可以互換，在回答時(shí)，如果贊成這個(gè)建議，常用"Yes, let's."或"OK. let's."
5、用suggest作謂語(yǔ)的陳述句
這種句子用于表達(dá)比較正式的建議，在會(huì)議上和討論中使用較多，也常用于書(shū)面形式，后面常跟名詞、動(dòng)名詞或that從句作賓語(yǔ)。注意跟從句時(shí)，從句中動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形式should+動(dòng)詞原形。
6、用Let's開(kāi)頭的祈使句
這是最普通的表達(dá)建議的方法，建議對(duì)方和自己一起做什么.let's后接動(dòng)詞原形。若句尾加上"shall we?", "OK?"等用于征求對(duì)方法的詞語(yǔ)，從而使語(yǔ)氣委婉得多。
注意：對(duì)對(duì)方的建議表示同意時(shí)常用的答語(yǔ)為：
Great太好了。That's a good idea.真是個(gè)好主意。對(duì)對(duì)方的建議表示不同意，或根本不能滿足對(duì)方的要求而表示歉意時(shí)的常用答語(yǔ)為： I'm afraid that... 我擔(dān)心....,我恐怕....。I'm afraid not. 恐拍不行。
7、用should，ought to等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞來(lái)表示“勸告”
8、用動(dòng)詞advise，名詞advice表示勸告。
三、表示問(wèn)候(Expressing greetings)
1、直接問(wèn)候
1.一般打招呼用語(yǔ)，答語(yǔ)通常是重復(fù)對(duì)方的話。
Hello.你好!Hi嗨!Good morning(afternoon, evening)早上(下午、晚上)好。
2.您好!初次見(jiàn)面打招呼的用語(yǔ)How do you do? / Glad to meet you.
答語(yǔ)也是"How do you do? / Glad to meet you."
3.對(duì)有一段時(shí)候沒(méi)有見(jiàn)面的熟人可選用這些句型：How are you?/ How have you been?你(您)好嗎?
答語(yǔ)往往是："Fine, thank you. And ?"
4.向認(rèn)識(shí)但不常見(jiàn)面的人打招呼，可選用這些表達(dá)法。How's everything with you?/ How is everything going? / How are you getting on? / What's no/ up? 近來(lái)怎么樣?
答語(yǔ)可用：“Pretty well."/ " Very well." "Everything is OK.(一切順利)"Not too bad.“還好”。
5.對(duì)于不認(rèn)識(shí)想要叫他(她)停下來(lái)時(shí)，可選用這些說(shuō)法：Hey, sir(madam).喂，先生(小姐)/ Just a moment, sir(madam)等一下，先生(小姐)注意：此時(shí)不能說(shuō)：“Hey! you!”
2、間接問(wèn)候
1.Please give one's(one's 代表不同人稱的物主代詞(如: my, our... 等) regards/best wishes/ love to.../ Please remember me to sb.請(qǐng)向某人問(wèn)好./請(qǐng)向某人致意。
2."Say hi/hello to...(from me)"意為“向...致意/問(wèn)候”。這相當(dāng)于Please give my best regards/wishes to...(請(qǐng)代我向...問(wèn)好)的意思。
對(duì)于上述問(wèn)候，其答語(yǔ)為：Of course. /Sure ,I will等。
四、感謝與應(yīng)答(Thanks and responses)
Thank you./ Thanks.謝謝! / Thank you very much.非常感謝! / Thank you so much./ Thanks a lot.多謝 / Thank you very much indeed. 應(yīng)該好好感謝你 / Thanks a million.萬(wàn)分感謝! / I don't know how to thank you.真不知該怎樣感謝你。I'm really grateful to you.非常感謝你! That's most kind of you.你心眼兒真好。/ You're kind ! kind 你真好。
如果別人想為你辦事，可你覺(jué)得不必麻煩他或者別人替你辦事沒(méi)有辦成但你還要感謝他，這時(shí)你可以說(shuō)：
Thank you just the same.同樣感謝你的好意。/ Thank you all the same.同樣得感謝你。/ It's very considerate of you.你考慮得真周到!/ It's most thoughtful of you.你想得真周到!
在回答別人的感謝時(shí)，常說(shuō)：
You're welcome.你是受歡迎的。/ Not at all.沒(méi)事兒。/ Don't mention it.不用了。/ It's my pleasure.我很樂(lè)意。 / No trouble at all.一點(diǎn)也不麻煩。/ It was the least I could do.這是我應(yīng)該做的。I'm glad I could do it.我很高興能這么做。That's all right.沒(méi)關(guān)系，不用謝。I'm delighted to have been able to do that for you.能為你效勞我很高興。It's really nothing at all.算不了什么，不用謝。
五、介紹(Introductions)
介紹某人的常用表達(dá)式
I'll introduce you.我來(lái)給你介紹.......。/ I want to introduce.....我想介紹.... / May I introduce you to...? 我把你介紹給...好嗎? / I'd like you to meet... 我想讓你見(jiàn)見(jiàn)...。 / It's with great pleasure that I introduce.....to you.很榮幸讓我介紹.......給你。/ Let me introduce you to......讓我把你介紹給....... / By the way, do you know......? 順便問(wèn)一問(wèn)，你認(rèn)識(shí).......嗎?
對(duì)介紹的應(yīng)答
How do you do? 你好!/ I'm pleased to know you.很高興認(rèn)識(shí)你。/ Very glad to meet you.很高興認(rèn)識(shí)你。/ Nice to meet you.很高興認(rèn)識(shí)你。 / It's a pleasure to meet you.認(rèn)識(shí)你很高興。
六、祝愿、祝賀及應(yīng)答
(Good wishes, congratulations and responses)
1、當(dāng)某人取得成功時(shí)
I have passed the examination! 我已經(jīng)通過(guò)考試了。
Congratulations(to you)祝賀你!
2、當(dāng)某人外出旅行時(shí)
Good luck with your trip! 祝您們旅途平安! Have a good trip/journey.=I wish you a good trip/journey.祝你旅途愉快。祝你一路順風(fēng)。/ Good trip to you./Nice journey to you.祝你旅途愉快、Have a nice/pleasant/wonderful time.=I wish you a nice/pleasant/wonderful time.祝你過(guò)得愉快。祝你玩得痛快。
3、當(dāng)某人生日時(shí) A: Happy birthday to you;生日快樂(lè)!B: Thank you!謝謝!
4、當(dāng)某人即將做某事時(shí)A:I will take the exams tomorrow.我明天將參加考試。B: Good luck (to you)!(I wish you success!)祝您順利!(祝您成功!)
注：上述幾點(diǎn)中祝愿(賀)的回答可用。 Thanks./thank you/thanks a lot.或It's kind of you to say so.謝謝. /多謝. /謝謝您./謝謝你這么說(shuō)。
5、在公共節(jié)日里
A: Happy New Year(to you)! 新年快樂(lè)!
B: Thanks. The same to you!(Happy New Year to you, too!)謝謝!您也一樣!(也祝您新年快樂(lè)!)
七、請(qǐng)求允許和應(yīng)答
(Asking for permission and responses)
1、Can I/Could I/May I...? 我可不可以...?
這個(gè)是請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許自己做某事的最普通的交際用語(yǔ)，其中could I...?語(yǔ)氣最婉轉(zhuǎn);May I...? 常用在比較正式的場(chǎng)合;Can I...? 用得最廣泛。
對(duì)于所提出的請(qǐng)求表示允許或同意時(shí)，可說(shuō)：Yes./Sure./Certainly.當(dāng)然可以。Of course, you may.當(dāng)然可以。Yes, do please.請(qǐng)吧。Go ahead, please.請(qǐng)吧。That's Ok./all right.好的。
對(duì)于所提出的請(qǐng)求表示不允許或不同意時(shí)，可說(shuō)：No, pleased don't.請(qǐng)不要。I'm sorry you can't.對(duì)不起，你不可以...I'm sorry, but...對(duì)不起，但是...。You'd better not...你最好別...。
2、Do you mind if I do...?
這是用來(lái)表示“請(qǐng)求許可”的交際用語(yǔ)。句中的mind作“介意”、“反對(duì)”解。整句的意思是“如果我干某事，你反對(duì)/介意嗎?”或“我干某事，”好嗎?注意：當(dāng)我們用“Do you mind if...”時(shí)，if從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí);當(dāng)我們用“Would you mind if...”時(shí)，if從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用過(guò)去時(shí)，這時(shí)語(yǔ)氣更加婉轉(zhuǎn)。應(yīng)答時(shí)，如果表示“允許/不介意”，常說(shuō)：No, I don't mind. 我不介意/我允許。Certainly not / Of course not. 當(dāng)然不介意。No, go ahead. 不介意，你干吧。Not at all. 一點(diǎn)也不介意。如果表示“不允許/介意”時(shí)，常說(shuō)：I'm sorry you can't...很抱歉，你不能...。I'm afraid....恐怕....I'm afraid it's not allowed. 恐怕這是不允許的。
3、I wonder if I could/can...? 我想知道我能否...?
這也是用來(lái)表示“請(qǐng)求許可”的交際用語(yǔ)。句中的wonder作“想知道”解，后面常跟if從句。整個(gè)句子的意思是“我想知道我是否可以......?”用以委婉地提出請(qǐng)求。應(yīng)答時(shí)，如果允許，常說(shuō)：Sure, go ahead./Yes, please do.可以，請(qǐng)吧。 Yes./Of course./Certainly. 當(dāng)然可以。如果不允許，可以說(shuō)： I'm sorry, but... 對(duì)不起，...I'm afraid not. 恐怕不行。No, please don't. 請(qǐng)不要......。You'd better not... 你最好別....。
八、請(qǐng)求(Requests)
1、用may(can, could),來(lái)表達(dá)。
表示同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答：yes ,you may(can).是的。/certainly.(=of course./Sure.)當(dāng)然可以。/Yes, do please,好的，請(qǐng)吧。
注：上述回答中can不能換成could因?yàn)閏ould在一般疑問(wèn)句中表示委婉的請(qǐng)求，而在肯定句中，則無(wú)此功能。
表示不同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答：No, you mustn't，不可以。/No, you can't,不能。No, you'd better not你最好不這樣。/Please don't 請(qǐng)不要這樣。/Sorry, I'm afraid not,對(duì)不起，恐怕不能。
2、用Shall來(lái)表達(dá)
表示同意的請(qǐng)求應(yīng)答：Yes, I'd like to.好的，我愿意。/All right.(=OK.)好的/(That's a)Good idea.好主意。/Yes, Let's.好的，讓我們走吧。
表示不同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答：Please don't.請(qǐng)不要這樣./I don't think so.我認(rèn)為不要這樣。/I'm afraid not,恐怕不能
3、用Would, Will, Would(Will)you please...?/Would you like...? 來(lái)表達(dá)。
表示同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答：Yes, I'd like to.(=Yes, I'd love to.=Yes, I'll be glad to.=Yes, I should I like to)是的，我愿意。/With pleasure.十分愿意。
注：上述回答中介詞to均不能省略。
表示不同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答：I'd like (love)to, but I'm busy,我很想，但我很忙。/I'm sorry, but I'm busy.對(duì)不起，我很忙。/I'm afraid not恐怕不能。/I'd really like to, but I have no time.我的確很愿意，可我沒(méi)時(shí)間。
4、用please 來(lái)表達(dá)。
表示同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答：OK,(=All right.)好的。/of course.(=Sure.=Certainly.)當(dāng)然可以。/With pleasure.十分愿意。
表示不同意請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答：I'm sorry, but I'm busy,對(duì)不起，我很忙，/I'm afraid not 恐怕不行。
九、道歉和應(yīng)答(Apologize and responses)
Excuse me for...... 請(qǐng)?jiān)徫?...../ Pardon me for....... 請(qǐng)?jiān)徫?....../ I'm really sorry for..... / 我真為.......感到抱歉。I'm awfully sorry. I don't mean to...... 我非常抱歉，我無(wú)意....../ I'm so sorry. It's all my fault. 我十分抱歉，都是我的過(guò)錯(cuò)。/ I'm terribly sorry about..... 我對(duì)......非常抱歉。/ It was wrong of me to do....... 做......是我的過(guò)錯(cuò)。/ I really feel bad about...... 我真對(duì)........感到難過(guò) 。/ I regret that...... 我后悔......./ I do apologize about......我對(duì).......表示道歉。 / I hope you'll pardon me for....希望你能原諒我....... / I must make an apology for.....我必須對(duì).....表示道歉 。/ Please forgive me for......請(qǐng)?jiān)徫?......
對(duì)道歉的反應(yīng)
It really isn't worth mentioning.實(shí)在不值得一提。Don't say more about it.不要再提它了。Never mind, it doesn't really matter.沒(méi)關(guān)系，真的不要緊。Please don't worry about it.請(qǐng)別為這事?lián)摹t's nothing serious.沒(méi)有什么關(guān)系。Please think nothing of it.請(qǐng)別想它了。Well,it's one of those things.哦，這是常有的事。That's all right.沒(méi)關(guān)系。Please don't blame yourself.請(qǐng)別責(zé)備自己。Forget thinking of it.別在想它了
十、邀請(qǐng)與應(yīng)答(Invitation and responses)
1、用一般疑問(wèn)句形式
Will / would / can / could you come to...? 是被邀請(qǐng)人接受的可能性較大。表示“請(qǐng)您來(lái)...好嗎?”。例如：
Will you come to take part in my party? 你來(lái)參加我的聚會(huì)好嗎?
Would you like +名詞(代詞) / 不定式 / sb.+不定式?
此句型表示“您愿意...?或你是否愿意...?”，此時(shí)邀請(qǐng)人不知對(duì)方是否接受邀請(qǐng)，是商量、詢問(wèn)及試探性的邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求或表示個(gè)人的想法、看法。 例如：
Would you like to go there with him? 你愿意與他一道去那兒?jiǎn)?
B:Yes, I'd like(love) to好的，我愿意。(類似肯定表達(dá)法：Yes, I'd be happy to.好的，我很樂(lè)意。Yes,
it's very kind / nice of you to invite me. 好的，謝謝您邀請(qǐng)我。Yes,it's very kind of you. 真是太好了，謝謝。)
2、用陳述句形式
I like sb. to do sth./ I'd like you to come to....這是向某人發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)的常見(jiàn)句式。表示“希望(想叫)某人做某事”，常與would連用，是一種客氣的邀請(qǐng)。 例如：
A :I'd like to invite you to see a film with me.我想請(qǐng)你和我一起去看電影。
B: I'd like(love) to, but I'm very busy.我很想，但我很忙。(類似委婉拒絕表達(dá)法：I'd love to....I'm afraid我想去，恐怕...，Thank you for inviting me.)
It's very kind of you to invite me, but I'm busy.謝謝你邀請(qǐng)我，但我很忙。)
十一、提供幫助和應(yīng)答(Offers and responses)
Can/ could/ Shall I help you (with that)? 我可以幫你嗎? / Can/ Could/ Shall I do...for you? 我可以幫你干...嗎? / What can I do for you? 我能為你做什么? / Would you like some/any help? 你要不要什么幫助? /Would you like me to do sth. for you ? 你要不要什么幫助? / Would you like me to do sth. for you ? 你要不要我為你干... ? / Do you want me to... ? 你要我干...嗎? / Is there anything (else) I can do (for you)? 還有什么(別的事)我可以為你效勞嗎? / Let me do...for you. 讓我來(lái)幫你干...吧。
應(yīng)答時(shí)，不管你需不需要對(duì)方的幫助，首先得表示感謝。
Thank you./ Thanks a lot/ Thank you very much. 謝謝。/ Yes, please./ Thanks, please. 好的，謝謝。/ Thank you for your help. 謝謝你的幫助。
如果需要幫助可以說(shuō)：
Thanks. That's very kind /good / nice (of you). 謝謝，那太好了。
如果謝絕幫助，可以說(shuō)： No, thanks. I can manage it myself.謝謝，我自己可以對(duì)付。/ No, thank you, but I can do it myself. 謝謝，我能行。/ No, I can do it, but thank you all the same.我可以干，謝謝。/ That's all right. thank you. 沒(méi)什么，謝謝。
十二、看病時(shí)病交際用語(yǔ)
1、醫(yī)生詢問(wèn)病情時(shí)的常用語(yǔ)
What can I do for you" 你看什么病? / What's wrong/the matter/ the trouble with you? 你有什么不舒服。/ Is there anything wrong with you? 有什么看病嗎?
2、病人訴說(shuō)病情時(shí)的常用語(yǔ)
I feel terrible/ bad/ ill sick. 我感到很不舒服。/ I don't feel well. /I'm not feeling well.我感到不舒服。/ I'm not in good health. 我身體不好。/ There is something wrong with... 我的...有毛病。
I have / have got.... 我覺(jué)得...痛。/ My back / nose hurts / aches. 我的背/鼻子痛。
3、醫(yī)生給病人檢查時(shí)的常用語(yǔ)
(Lie down and )let me exam you. (躺下)，讓我檢查一下。/ Does it hurt here? 這兒痛嗎?
4、醫(yī)生看完病后對(duì)病人提出醫(yī)囑時(shí)的常用語(yǔ)
It's nothing serious. 病不重。不要緊。/ You'd better have a good rest. 你最好好好休息休息。
Take this medicine three times a day. 這藥每天吃三次。/ Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. 多喝水，好好休息。/ You have a high temperature. 你發(fā)燒了，/ 你體溫高。/ You'd better go to bed don't get up until you feel Better. 你最好躺在床上，感到好一點(diǎn)再起床。/ Take 2 pills now and 2 more in 4 hours' time. 現(xiàn)在吃2片藥，隔4小時(shí)再吃2片。/ I advise you(not) to... 我勸你(別)... / I suggest you... 我建議你... / You'll be well/ all right soon. 不久你會(huì)好的。
十三 、談?wù)撎鞖馇闆r
1、It is raining /blowing /snowing ,(isn't it ?)下雨了/刮風(fēng)了/下雪了，(對(duì)嗎?)
It is +adj ./n.(today ). 今天的天氣...這類句子都是用來(lái)發(fā)表對(duì)天氣的看法的。"It is +ady /n (today )"中間可用表述天氣情況的形容詞或名詞，應(yīng)答時(shí)可說(shuō)：Yes ,it is .
2、What's the weather like today ? 今天天氣怎樣? / What's the weather going to be like ...? 天氣將怎樣?
這兩個(gè)句型都是用來(lái)詢問(wèn)天氣情況的。前者詢問(wèn)當(dāng)天的天氣后者詢問(wèn)未來(lái)的天氣，在like 后加表示未來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(如tomorrow .the day after tomorrow )應(yīng)答時(shí)可說(shuō)：It's fine /warm /cold /hot ...或It's going to be fine /warm/cold /hot ...
"What's the weather like ...?"也可以用"How is the weather...?"表達(dá)，其意思想同。
十四 、問(wèn)路及應(yīng)答的交際用語(yǔ)
Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to ...? 勞駕，請(qǐng)告訴我去.....(地方)怎么走? / Excuse me. Han can I get to...? 勞駕，問(wèn)怎樣去.....(地方)? / Excuse me, please, where is...? 勞駕，請(qǐng)問(wèn)去...的路怎么去?
問(wèn)路時(shí)，首先說(shuō)“Excuse me.”意思是“請(qǐng)?jiān)彙薄ⅰ罢?qǐng)問(wèn)”、“勞駕”，表示因?yàn)榇驍_而道歉，然后再問(wèn)路，應(yīng)答時(shí)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況回答。常用的有以下幾種表達(dá)：
How far is it from here? 它離這里多遠(yuǎn)? / It's about...meters from here. 它離這里大約...米遠(yuǎn)。/ It's about...yards/meters down this street./ Go straight ahead till you see...沿著這條街走約...米就到了。/ Go straight ahead till you see... 照直走到...(地方)為止 。/ Go down/along this street. 沿著這條街走下去。/ Take this street/road. 走這條街/大路。/ Go through the gate and you'll find the entrance to...穿過(guò)大門(mén)，你就會(huì)看到...的幾口處。/ Go down/along this street till you get to ...沿著這條街走到...(地方)為止。/ Turn right/left at the first/second crossing.在第一/二個(gè)十字路口向右/左轉(zhuǎn)。/ You'd better take a taxi/minibus/No. 5 bus...你最好坐出租車/乘小公共汽車 / 乘5路公共汽車。
十五 、就餐時(shí)的交際用語(yǔ)
1、就餐時(shí)，當(dāng)主人詢問(wèn)客人想吃/喝點(diǎn)什么時(shí)，主人常說(shuō)：
Would you like sth.(to eat / to drink)?你想吃 / 喝點(diǎn)...嗎? / What would you like (to have)? 你想要吃點(diǎn)什么? / Would you like some more...? 你還要點(diǎn)...嗎? / How about (some more) ...? (再)來(lái)點(diǎn)...怎么樣?
2、就餐時(shí)，當(dāng)主人主動(dòng)請(qǐng)客人吃/喝點(diǎn)東西時(shí)，主人常說(shuō)：
Help yourself to...? 你吃/喝點(diǎn)...吧。/ Let me give you...? 讓我來(lái)人你...吧。/ Make yourself at home. 請(qǐng)隨便吃，不要客氣。
3、當(dāng)客人表示愿意或同意吃/喝點(diǎn)東西時(shí)，�；卮穑�
Yes, please,好的。I'd like...我想來(lái)點(diǎn)...。Well, just a little, please. 好的，請(qǐng)來(lái)一點(diǎn)兒。
4、當(dāng)客人表示不想吃/喝東西或表示已經(jīng)吃飽/喝好了時(shí)，�；卮穑篘o, thanks, 謝謝，不要了。Thank you , I've had enough. 謝謝，我已經(jīng)夠了。I'm full, thank you. 謝謝，我吃飽了。
十六、告別
1、告別前用語(yǔ)
I'm afraid I must be off/be going/be leaving now.恐怕我得走了。/ I think I must be off/ be going/ be leaving now.我看我得走了。/ Well, It's getting late.噢，天已晚了。/ I've got to go now.現(xiàn)在我必須得走了。/ Maybe we could get together sometime.也許我們什么時(shí)候還能再聚一聚。
2、對(duì)告別前用語(yǔ)的回答
Thank you for coming.多謝你的光臨。/ Yes, I've enjoy it.對(duì)，我很開(kāi)心。/ My pleasure, too.這也是我的榮幸。/ Could you stay a little longer? 你能再呆一會(huì)兒?jiǎn)?/ In that case, I won't keep you.那么我就不留你了。
3、告別用語(yǔ)
Good-bye! / Be seeing you soon. Bye! / Bye! / Bye for now. / See you. / See you later. Bye-bye! 再見(jiàn)!Good night.晚安!Have a pleasant journey!/ Wish you a pleasant journey.祝你旅途愉快!Don't forget to give me a ring.不要忘記給我來(lái)電話。Remember to give me a ring.記住給我來(lái)電話。
4、對(duì)告別用語(yǔ)的回答
Good-bye!再見(jiàn)!/ Good night!晚安!You too. / Same to you.你也一樣。So long. Take care.再見(jiàn)!保重。
十七、贊美和恭維及應(yīng)答(Making Compliments and Responses)
It's beautiful. 真漂亮!/ That's marvellous! 真了不起!/ It's a lovely picture! 多好看的照片!/ I'm glad you did...... 我很高興你做了....../ I'm pleased you did... 我很興奮你做了....../ How clever of you! 你好聰明哦!/ I like the way you did...... 我喜歡你做......的方式/ I admire the way you do...... 我敬佩你做......的方式/ I've never seen such a...... 我還沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到過(guò)如此的......./ What a nice coat you have! 你的外衣很漂亮哦!/ You look very smart today! 你今天看上去好神氣哦! / What a wonderful house! 你的房子好漂亮哦!/ It matches your suit perfectly. 這和你的衣服很相配。/ You've certainly given us a very good lecture. 你的確給我們做了一場(chǎng)精彩的講演。/ You have a beautiful smile.你的笑真美。 / You have a good sense of humour.你挺有幽默感的。/ Your wife is beautiful. 你的妻子真漂亮。/ You gave an excellent speech.你的演講真精彩。 / Your car is nice.你的車真漂亮。 / This is a lovely dinner./The dinner is great.這頓飯真不錯(cuò)。 / That's a very nice suit you've got on.你穿的衣服很漂亮。 / That was a marvellous speech. 那是一場(chǎng)了不起的演講。/ You look wonderful this evening! 你今晚看上去很不錯(cuò)! / What a nice living room so comfortable! 我很喜歡你的家具，你在哪兒買的? / I appreciate your new car.我非常欣賞你的新車。(對(duì)朋友的精彩表演、杰出成績(jī)，你若親臨現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，可直接為他大聲喝彩)
Well done, Johnson! 干得好，約翰遜!/ I'm so happy for you! 真為你感到高興!/ It's very well deserved! 就該這樣!/ You must be terribly pleased!你一定非常高興吧!/ Aren't you very excited, Tom?湯姆，你一定很激動(dòng)吧!
Oh, I'm glad you like it. 哦，你喜歡，我真高興。/ I'm glad you think so. / I'm delighted you think so. 你能這樣認(rèn)為我真高興。/ Oh, thank you.哦，謝謝! /How kind of you to say that. 你能那樣說(shuō)真好。/ I'm glad to hear that.聽(tīng)到這我真高興。 / Thanks for saying so.謝謝你這樣說(shuō)。
十八 、約會(huì)的交際用語(yǔ)
1、詢問(wèn)對(duì)方是否有空：
Will you be free (tonight/ tomorrow/...)?你(今晚/明天 ...)有空嗎?
肯定回答：Yes, I'll be free (tonight / tomorrow...).我(今晚/明天...)有空。
否定回答：No,I won't be free(tonight/ tomorrow...).不，(今晚/明天...)沒(méi)有空。
比較客氣委婉的否定回答：
I'm afraid not. (I'm afraid I'm not free tonight/tomorrow...).恐怕沒(méi)有空。
2、詢問(wèn)約會(huì)的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)：
What time shall we meet? 我們什么時(shí)候會(huì)面呢? /Where is the best place to meet? 我們最好在什么地方會(huì)面呢? / How about 5 p.m./ tonight/ tomorrow...?下午五點(diǎn)(今晚/明天......)怎么樣? / What about (meeting) at the gate/ outside the station...? 在大門(mén)口/在車站外邊碰頭怎么樣? /Shall we meet at 7:30 p.m. at the gate ?我們下午七點(diǎn)半大門(mén)口碰頭好嗎? / I'll meet you at the theatre at 7:30 p.m.我會(huì)在七點(diǎn)半在劇場(chǎng)見(jiàn)你。/ I suggest 7 o'clock.我建議七點(diǎn)鐘(碰頭)。
3、有關(guān)約會(huì)的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)的詢問(wèn)和應(yīng)答，可根據(jù)具體情況進(jìn)行。
十九、關(guān)心和焦慮的交際用語(yǔ)
1、What's wrong/the matter(with)...?表示的意思是“你怎么啦?”、“你有什么不舒服?”、“出了什么毛病?”，用來(lái)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的疾病、痛苦、憂傷、事故等情況，。句中的wrong作“失常的”、“狀況不佳的”，matter作“麻煩事”、“毛病”、“故障，指病痛或事故的原因�！�
What's wrong with...和What's the matter with...?兩個(gè)句子意思相同，可以互換。
2、Is there anything the matter?意思是“出了什么事嗎?”、“有什么毛病嗎”這個(gè)句子還可以簡(jiǎn)化為：anything the matter?
3、We are anxious/worried about...“be anxious/worried about”意思是“為(某人/某事)擔(dān)心”，可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)，其中的be可用get代替(即"get anxious /worried about")
4、There is no need to be worried.沒(méi)有必要擔(dān)心。/ There is nothing to worry about.沒(méi)有什么可以擔(dān)心的。
對(duì)于別人的擔(dān)心或焦慮，�？梢杂靡陨暇渥颖硎緦捨俊�
二十、喜好、厭惡和偏愛(ài)
I. 表示喜好
1、用I like /love sth./sb. 來(lái)表達(dá)。(表示“我不喜歡某人/某事”)
2、用I like/love to do sth./doing sth.來(lái)表達(dá)(表示“我為喜歡做某事”的意思)
注意：1)在 like后加上表示程度的詞如：very much ,a lot, little,等
3、用I enjoy sth./doing sth.來(lái)表達(dá)。(表示“我喜歡/欣賞某事”的意思)
II. 表示厭 惡
1、用I don't like (to).......來(lái)表達(dá)。(表示“我不喜歡某人/某事”的意思)
2、用I hate (to).......來(lái)表達(dá)(表示“我不喜歡某人/某事”的意思)
3、用.Idon't enjoy sth./doing sth來(lái)表達(dá)。(表示“我不喜歡某人/欣賞某事”的意思)
III. 表示偏愛(ài)
1、用I prefer A to B.來(lái)表達(dá)。( 表示“ 我喜歡A甚過(guò)喜歡B”的意思)2、用would rather do........來(lái)表達(dá)(表示“寧愿做........”的意思 )
二十一、表示同意和不同意的用語(yǔ)
1、表示同意
Certainly./ Sure./ Of course.當(dāng)然可以。/No problem. 沒(méi)有問(wèn)題。Yes ,I think so.是的，我也這樣認(rèn)為。/ I agree with sb.我同意某人的看法。/ I agree with sb. 我同意某事。I agree that... 我同意.../ Good idea ! / That's a good idea.好主意。/ It's a good idea to do sth. 干某事是人好主意。/Yes ,please.是的，請(qǐng)吧。/ You are right . 你是對(duì)的。/ That's true./Ok./All right. 好的。/ That's just what I think. 我也是那么想的。/ That's my opinion, too.我也是那么想的。 /There's no doubt about it.那毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)。
2、表示不同意。
No,I don't think so. 不，我不這樣認(rèn)為。/ I don't agree with sb. 我不同意某人的看法。/ I don't agree to sth. 我不同意某事。/ I don't agree that . 我不同意.... / I'm afraid not. /I'm afraid that...恐怕(不)...
二十二、表示肯定和否定的用語(yǔ)
1、表示肯定：
Sure./of course./Certainly.肯定/當(dāng)然/一定。/ I'm sure of/about...我確信... / I'm sure that...我確信.../ That's sure.是真的。
2、表示否定
No.不是。/ I'm not sure of/about...對(duì)...我沒(méi)有把握。/ I'm not sure whether/if...我沒(méi)有把握...
二十三、語(yǔ)言困難( Language Difficulties )
1、當(dāng)不知某個(gè)詞的發(fā)音時(shí)，用How do you pronounce...? 這個(gè)詞你怎么讀?
2、當(dāng)不知某個(gè)詞的漢語(yǔ)意思時(shí)，用What's the Chinese meaning of the word...?...詞的漢語(yǔ)意思是什么?類似的表過(guò)還有：What do you mean by...in Chinese?/What's the Chinese for...?/ What does ...mean in Chinese?
3、當(dāng)不知某個(gè)詞的拼寫(xiě)時(shí)，用Could/can you spell the word?你能拼一下這個(gè)詞嗎?
4、當(dāng)沒(méi)聽(tīng)清(懂)對(duì)方講話內(nèi)容時(shí)，
用I'm sorry, I didn't quite follow(catch)you.對(duì)不起，請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍時(shí)，可用下列句型表達(dá)：I'm afraid I didn't follow (catch)起，我沒(méi)有聽(tīng)懂(清)。
5、當(dāng)沒(méi)聽(tīng)懂(清)對(duì)方所說(shuō)的話或請(qǐng)求對(duì)方再重復(fù)you./Would you mind I repeating that? /pardon ?Beg your pardon?/ I beg your pardon? / Could you say that again ?/Would you please say that again?/Would you please say that more slowly?
6、問(wèn)對(duì)方是否聽(tīng)懂(清)時(shí)，
用：Is that clear? /Have I made myself clear?/Do you see what I mean ?/ Do you understand?
7、當(dāng)不知如何表達(dá)某一意思時(shí)，用：I'm sorry, I know only a little English. I don't know how to say it in English(I don't know the exact word in English),but it is some thing like...對(duì)不起，我僅懂一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)。我不知如何用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)這個(gè)詞(我不知道英語(yǔ)中能表達(dá)該意思的準(zhǔn)確的詞)，但它有點(diǎn)象...。
8、當(dāng)表示在語(yǔ)言某方面上有無(wú)困難時(shí),可用 I have some(no, much, little, a little,some) difficulty (trouble)in pronouncing(spelling,......) .......意為“在做某事方面有一些(沒(méi)有、很多、很少、有一點(diǎn)困難)�！被蛴胔ave some (no,little,a little,much ,any)difficulty(trouble) with sth.
9、訂正或澄清錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，用：I'm sorry, I have made a mistake.對(duì)不起，我犯了個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。I'm sorry, I should have said...對(duì)不起，我本該說(shuō)...。That's not what I meant.我不是那個(gè)意思。What I mean is ...我的意思是...。I'll try to explain that again,我將盡力再解釋一下。
二十四、表示禁止和警告的交際用語(yǔ)
1、Look out! /Be careful! / Take care!
這三個(gè)句子都作“當(dāng)心、小心”解，look out語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，往往用于某種緊急的情況或可能出現(xiàn)危險(xiǎn)的場(chǎng)合，其后接for短語(yǔ)。take care語(yǔ)氣沒(méi)有那樣強(qiáng)，多用于對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)的不測(cè)作出預(yù)先的提醒或警告，其后可接不定式短語(yǔ)或that從句，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。be careful可代替look out和take care,其后也可接不定式以及about, with等介詞短語(yǔ)。
2、下列句型也可用來(lái)表示警告：
Don't do sth.......or......不要干某事，否則....If you.......you'll......如果你...,你就會(huì)...
3、以否定祈使句或"No+-ing"表示禁止和警告。
Don't smoke! 不準(zhǔn)抽煙!/ Don't be late!不要遲到! / Don't take pictures here! 不要在此拍照! / No smoking!不準(zhǔn)抽煙!/ No parking!不準(zhǔn)停車! / No spitting! 不要隨地吐痰!
4、用can't / mustn't表示禁止和警告。
二十五、詢問(wèn)國(guó)籍、籍貫，姓名及職業(yè)時(shí)的常用語(yǔ)
What's your nationality? Are you American...? 你是哪國(guó)人? / 你是美國(guó)人嗎? / Are you from American / Britain... ? 你是美國(guó)人/英國(guó)人...嗎?/ Where are you from ? 你是哪里人? / What country are you from ? 你是哪個(gè)國(guó)家的? / What are you? 你是干什么的? / Who are you? 你是誰(shuí)? / What's your name? 你叫什么名字?
二十六、談?wù)搻?ài)好Talking about Hobbies.
詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的業(yè)余愛(ài)好
What are your hobbies? 你的愛(ài)好是什么? / What do you often do in your free/ spare time? 你在業(yè)余時(shí)間經(jīng)常做什么? / What are your favorite sports? 你最喜愛(ài)的運(yùn)動(dòng)是什么? / Do you like+drawing/ playing chess....? 你喜歡繪畫(huà)/下棋....? / What are you interested in after work?下班后你對(duì)什么有興趣?
敘述自己的愛(ài)好
My hobby is.....我的愛(ài)好是...... / I enjoy+watching Tv/ listening to music......我喜歡看電視 / 聽(tīng)音樂(lè)....../ I like /love + collecting stamps /fishing......我喜歡集郵 / 釣魚(yú)....../ I find.....very interesting.我覺(jué)得.......很有趣。
二十七 、表示遺憾、同情的交際用語(yǔ)
1、be afraid that.......恐怕......
2、It's a pity(that).....真是很遺憾..... 這是表示遺憾的交際用語(yǔ)，后面跟的that從句就是所指的遺憾的事情。在口語(yǔ)中that常可省略。
3、What a pity/shame!真是遺憾!(真可惜!)用的是省略的感嘆句。(語(yǔ)氣較隨便)
表示同情時(shí)常用I'm sorry to hear......或I'm so sorry.來(lái)表達(dá)，hear后可接that也可接that從句，表示“聽(tīng)說(shuō)......我很難過(guò)”，注意I'm so sorry.在意思上不同于道歉。
二十八、有關(guān)意愿和希望的交際用語(yǔ)
I. 詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的意愿
1、What do you want/plan/intend/hope to do...? /你想要/計(jì)劃/打算/希望干什么?
應(yīng)答時(shí)用：I want / plan / intend / hope to do...我想要/計(jì)劃/打算/希望干什么。
注意：在動(dòng)詞want / plan / intend / hope...之后要接不定式(而不接動(dòng)名詞形式)作賓語(yǔ)。
2、What's your plan for ...?(What are your plans for...?)你有...有什么計(jì)劃?
應(yīng)簽時(shí)可用I plan / intend / hope + to do ...或視其具體情況作答。
3、What do you feel like doing?你想做什么呢?在答語(yǔ)“I feel like doing.....”之后還可跟名詞。
4、What would you like to do sth?你想做什么呢?答語(yǔ)“I'd like to(do sth.)”是"I would like"的省略，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。
II. 表示希望用的句型：
I want / wish / hope to....我希望做什么 / I hope + that - clause. 我希望... / I wish + that - clause.但愿...
注意：上述句型中，在I hope / wish 之后跟由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。在口語(yǔ)中，that�？墒÷�。在I wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中用陳述語(yǔ)氣;在that后的賓語(yǔ)從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
二十九、 表示判斷和意見(jiàn)
What do you think of....?/ How do you like....?/How did you find......?你認(rèn)為......怎么樣?
What's you opinion of......?你對(duì)........的看法是什么?Tell us what you think about/ of.......談?wù)勀銓?duì)的.......看法?We'd like to have your views/ opinions about.......我們想聽(tīng)聽(tīng)你對(duì)......的看法?
Well done/ Good work!很好!干得不錯(cuò)!Not bad.不錯(cuò)!It certainly is.的確如此。It's correct to do(sth)......是對(duì)的。It seems (to me) that-clause.(在我看來(lái))好象.......In my opinion,...../ As I see it, ...依我看,......So far as I know, ... / From what I know/ understand......就我所知，......I would say......我認(rèn)為......I think / believe / suppose......很可能......I'm sure......我確信......I don't think......我認(rèn)為....不...It doesn't seem possible that-clause,.........好象不可能。
三十、征詢
1、What's your opinion?你的看法呢?
In my opinion ...據(jù)我看，...
2、Do you think it is...?你可認(rèn)為...嗎?
Yes,I think so./No,I don't think so.是的，我也這樣認(rèn)為。不，我不這樣認(rèn)為。
/ Yes,I agree with you.是的，我同意你的看法。
/ No,I don't agree with you.不，我不同意你的看法。
3、What do you think about it?你對(duì)這事是怎么看的。
I think / I believe...你認(rèn)為....。
4、Would you like+名詞或不定式?
此句型用來(lái)詢問(wèn)別人的愿望的，其簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)是I'd like to或I'd love to我愿意。
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