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中考英語常用的不規(guī)則動詞形態(tài)記憶法

時間:2023-01-22 14:57:56 中考 我要投稿
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2016年中考英語常用的不規(guī)則動詞形態(tài)記憶法

  在英語詞匯中,不規(guī)則動詞的記憶是比較困難的,雖然學習英語是要記要背,但死記硬背終歸不是最佳途徑,下面YJBYS小編為大家搜索整理了關于中考英語常用的不規(guī)則動詞形態(tài)記憶法,歡迎閱讀學習,希望對大家有所幫助!想了解更多相關信息請持續(xù)關注我們應屆畢業(yè)生培訓網(wǎng)!

2016年中考英語常用的不規(guī)則動詞形態(tài)記憶法

  ★記憶法一:常見93個不規(guī)則動詞的變化規(guī)律歸納如下:

  一、A—A—A型,即原形、過去式和過去分詞三者都相同。(共9個)

  cost—cost—cost

  cut—cut—cut

  hit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurt

  let—let—let

  put—put—put

  read—read—read

  set—set—set

  shut—shut—shut

  二、A—B—B型,即過去式、過去分詞相同。(共41個)

  1.過去式和過去分詞都含有-ought。(3個)

  bring—brought—brought

  buy—bought—bought

  think—thought—thought

  2.詞尾有-ild,-end時,只需把d變?yōu)閠。(4個)

  build—built—built

  lend—lent—lent

  send—sent—sent

  spend—spent—spent

  3.過去式、過去分詞都含有-aught。(2個)

  catch—caught—caught

  teach—taught—taught

  4.把-eep變?yōu)?ept。(3個)

  keep—kept—kept

  sleep—slept—slept

  sweep—swept—swept

  5.把-ell變?yōu)?old。(2個)

  tell—told—told

  sell—sold—sold

  6.過去式、過去分詞都含有-elt或-ilt。(4個)

  smell—smelt—smelt

  spell—spelt—spelt

  feel—felt—felt

  spill—spilt—spilt

  7.過去式、過去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。(3個)

  learn—learnt—learnt

  mean—meant—meant

  spoil—spoilt—spoilt

  8.過去式、過去分詞詞尾是d。(4個)

  say—said—said

  pay—paid—paid

  lay—laid—laid

  hear—heard—heard

  9.改變元音字母。(11個)

  meet—met—met

  get—got—got

  sit—sat—sat

  find—found—found

  hold—held—held

  spit—spat—spat

  shine—shone—shone

  win—won—won

  hang—hung—hung

  dig—dug—dug

  lose—lost—lost

  10.改變輔音字母。(1個)

  make—made—made

  11.改變元、輔音字母。(4個)

  leave—left—left

  stand—stood—stood

  have(has)—had—had

  understand—understood—understood

  三、A—B—C型,即原形、過去式、過去分詞都不相同。(共35個)

  1.i—a—u變化。(6個)

  begin—began—begun

  drink—drank—drunk

  sing—sang—sung

  ring—rang—rung

  swim—swam—swum

  sink—sank—sunk

  2.詞尾為-ow,-aw時,過去式將其變?yōu)?ew,過去分詞在其原形后加n。(5個)

  blow—blew—blown

  draw—drew—drawn

  grow—grew—grown

  know—knew—known

  throw—threw—thrown(show除外)

  3.詞尾為“i+輔(1個)+e”,過去式將i變?yōu)閛,過去分詞多在原形后加n,若那個輔音字母為d或t,須雙寫d或t后加n。(4個)(give,hide除外)

  drive—drove—driven

  write—wrote—written

  ride—rode—ridden

  rise—rose—risen

  4.過去分詞在過去式后加(e)n。(5個)

  break—broke—broken

  choose—chose—chosen

  freeze—froze—frozen

  speak—spoke—spoken

  wake—woke—woken

  5.過去分詞由過去式加-ten構成。(1個)

  forget—forgot—forgotten

  6.過去分詞由原形加(e)n構成。(6個)

  be—was(were)—been

  eat—ate—eaten

  fall—fell—fallen

  give—gave—given

  see—saw—seen

  hide—hid—hidden(hid)

  7.詞尾為-ake時,過去式將其變?yōu)?ook,過去分詞在原形詞后加-n。(2個)

  take—took—taken

  mistake—mistook—mistaken

  8.原形、過去式和過去分詞都不相同。(6個)

  do—did—done

  fly—flew—flown

  go—went—gone

  lie—lay—lain

  show—showed—shown

  wear—wore—worn

  四、A—A—B型,即過去式和原形相同。(1個)

  beat—beat—beaten

  五、A—B—A型,即過去分詞和原形相同。(3個)

  come—came—come

  become—became—become

  run—ran—run

  六、情態(tài)動詞型,只有原形和過去式,沒有過去分詞。(4個)

  can—could

  may—might

  will—would

  shall—should

  ★記憶法二:不規(guī)則動詞相對于規(guī)則動詞來說,難記得多,是最難對付的一類詞。學生難學,老師難教。幸好它們不是雜亂無章的,可根據(jù)其中的一些內部規(guī)律來記憶。下面給大家介紹一種歸納記憶法,以期大家在攻克這一難關時,能收到事半功倍的效果。

  一、原形、過去式、過去分詞相同:

  cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut

  (細心的你一定會發(fā)現(xiàn),這些詞中大多數(shù)是以字母t結尾的。)

  二、原形、過去式相同,過去分詞不同:

  beat/beat/beaten

  三、原形、過去分詞相同,過去式不同:

  come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/run

  (come,become,屬不規(guī)則變化,但welcome屬規(guī)則動詞,其過去式、過去分詞為:welcomed,welcomed)

  四、過去式,過去分詞相同:

  (1)去掉字母組合ee中的一個e

  meet/met/metfeed/fed/fed

  (2)去掉字母組合ee中的一個e,然后再在詞尾加t

  feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/slept

  keep/kept/keptsweep/swept/swept

  (3)詞尾為的ll去掉一個l加t

  spell/spelt/speltsmell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt

  (4)過去式和過去分詞以aught或ought結尾

  catch/caught/caughtteach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought

  buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought

  (5)將stand改為stood

  stand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood

  (6)將ay改為aid

  lay/laid/laidpay/paid/paidsay/said/said

  (7)將d改為t

  lend/lent/lentsend/sent/sent

  spend/spent/spentbuild/built/built

  (8)將i改為a,o,u等

  sit/sat/satspit/spat/spat

  dig/dug/dugwin/won/won

  (9)將ell改為old

  tell/told/toldsell/sold/sold

  (10)詞尾加t

  learn/learnt/learntmean/meant/meant

  dream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/spoilt

  (11)有兩種過去式和過去分詞,一種是不規(guī)則的,一種是規(guī)則的:

  learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned

  shine/shone/shoneshine/shined/shined

  hang/hung/hunghang/hanged/hanged

  smell/smelt/smeltsmell/smelled/smelled

  burn/burnt/burntburn/burned/burned

  light/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted

  (12)其它

  have(has)/had/hadhear/heard/heard

  shoot/shot/shotlose/lost/lost

  hold/held/heldget/got/got(AmEgotten)

  find/found/foundmake/made/made

  leave/left/left

  五、三者均不同:

  (1)過去式以ew結尾、過去分詞以own結尾

  blow/blew/blownfly/flew/flown

  grow/grew/grownknow/knew/known

  throw/threw/thrown

  值得注意的是:

  show/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn

  (2)改i為a變成過去式、改i為u變成過去分詞

  begin/began/begundrink/drank/drunk

  ring/rang/rungsing/sang/sung

  swim/swam/swumsink/sank/sunk

  (3)改i為o變成過去式,過去分詞以n結尾

  drive/drove/drivenwrite/wrote/written

  rise/rose/risenride/rode/ridden

  (4)原形后加n變成過去分詞

  drive/drove/drivenrise/rose/riseneat/ate/eaten

  give/gave/givenfall/fell/fallen

  (5)過去式后加n變成過去分詞

  break/broke/brokenchoose/chose/chosen

  freeze/froze/frozenmistake/mistook/mistaken

  steal/stole/stolenspeak/spoke/spoken

  take/took/takenwake/woke/woken(或woke)

  (6)其它

  be/was或were/beendo/did/doneforget/forgot/forgotten

  go/went/gonehide/hid/hiddensee/saw/seen

  wear/wore/worn

  六、有兩種過去式和過去分詞,但詞義相同。

  wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked

  sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken

  七、動詞因其過去式、過去分詞有兩種形式而產(chǎn)生不同詞義:

  shine、hang的兩種過去式和過去分詞:

  shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮

  hung/hung懸掛hanged/hanged絞死

  八、兩個既可以做過去式,又可以做動詞原形的詞

  lie躺臥lay/lain/lying(現(xiàn)在分詞)

  lay放,下蛋l(fā)aid/laid/laying

  find找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)find/found/found

  found創(chuàng)建,成立found/founded/founded

  九、根據(jù)動詞之間的詞義聯(lián)系來記憶

  (一)詞義相對:

  (1)come/came/come來——go/went/gone去

  (2)give/gave/given給——get/got/got(AmEgotten)獲得

  (3)sleep/slept/slept睡覺—wake/woke/woken(或woke)

  或wake/waked/waked醒來

  (4)rise/rose/risen上升、上漲、升起——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下

  sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉

  (5)buy/bought/bought買——sell/sold/sold出售,賣

  (6)take/took/taken帶去——bring/brought/brought帶來

  (7)teach/taught/taught教——learn/learnt/learnt

  或learn/learned/learned學習、學會

  (8)lose/lost/lost丟失、失敗——find/found/found找到

  win/won/won贏得、(獲)勝

  (9)stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐

  (10)send/sent/sent送、寄、發(fā)送——get/got/got獲得、收到

  (二)詞義相近:

  (1)beat/beat/beaten打,打敗win/won/won贏得、獲勝

  (2)understand/understood/understood懂,了解

  know/knew/known知道,了解,認識

  (3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)變成、成為、變得

  become/became/become變成,成為,變得

  go/went/gone變成turn/turned/turned變成

  (4)spend/spent/spent花費、度過

  pay/paid/paid支付、交納

  cost/cost/cost花費、價值為

  take/took/taken花費

  (5)say/said/said說、講

  speak/spoke/spoken說、演講

  tell/told/told告訴、說、吩咐、斷定

  talk/talked/talked談話,講,談論,議論

  ★記憶法三:

  1.無變化,過去式與原形相同。

  let→let,put→put,hit→hit,must→must,set→set,beat→beat,cast→cast,cost→cost,cut→cut,hurt→hurt,read→red,shut→shut

  (shed→shedsplit→splitspread→spreadburst→burst)

  2.元音字母的變化。

  i→a:begin→began,drink→drank,ring→rang,sing→sang,swim→swam,give→gave,sit→sat,sink→sank

  i→o:drive→drove,ride→rode,shine→shone,write→wrote,rise→rose,win→won,

  (strive→strovearise→arose)

  i→ou:find→found(wind→wound,bind→bound,grind→ground)

  a→oo:take→took,shake→shook

  e→o:get→got,forget→forgot

  o→a:come→came,become→became

  oo→o:shoot→shot,choose→chose

  3.元音字母組合的變化。

  aw/ow/y→ew:draw→drew,blow→blew,grow→grew,know→knew,throw→threw,fly→flew

  4.元音字母和輔音字母都有變化。

  (1)sell→sold,tell→told,retell→retold

  (2)say→said,pay→paid,lay→laid,relay→relaid

  (3)sweep→swept,keep→kept,sleep→slept,creep→crept

  (4)bring→brought,buy→bought,think→thought,fight→fought

  (5)catch→caught,teach→taught

  (6)can→could,will→would,shall→should

  5.輔音字母變化。

  (1)build→built,send→sent,bend→bent,lend→lent,rend→rent,spend→spent

  (2)make→made,have→had,hear→heard

  (3)mean→meant,learn→learnt

  記住以上內容,英語不提升就怪了!一定要堅持呀!

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