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中考英語必背詞語辨析、詞組和句型
在中考英語考試中，很多詞語容易被大家混淆，試題考查詞語辨析主要是為了檢測(cè)同學(xué)們辨別詞形和運(yùn)用詞匯的能力，下面YJBYS小編為大家搜索整理了關(guān)于中考英語必背詞語辨析、詞組和句型，歡迎參考借鑒，希望對(duì)大家備考有所幫助!想了解更多相關(guān)信息請(qǐng)持續(xù)關(guān)注我們應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生培訓(xùn)網(wǎng)!
中考英語必背詞語辨析20組
詞語辨析集中在對(duì)實(shí)詞，即對(duì)名詞動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等的考查，主要考查同義、近義、形近詞匯的辨析以及詞組與習(xí)慣用法的辨析。
1. after, in
這兩個(gè)介詞都可以表示“……(時(shí)間)以后”的意思?
after 以過去為起點(diǎn)，表示過去一段時(shí)間之后，常用于過去時(shí)態(tài)的句子中?如：She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的?
in 以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)，表將來一段時(shí)間以后，常用于將來時(shí)態(tài)的句子中?如：She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走?
2. how long, how often, how soon
how long指多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，主要用來對(duì)一段時(shí)間(如three days, four weeks 等)提問?如：How long ago was it? 這是多久前的事了?
how often指每隔多久，主要用來對(duì)頻率副詞或狀語(如once a week等)提問?如：—How often does he come here? —Once a month. 他(每隔)多久來一次?每月一次?
how soon指再過多久，主要用來對(duì)表示將來的一段時(shí)間(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提問?如：How soon can you come? 你多快能趕來?
3. few, a few, little, a little, several, some
few 和little的意思是否定的，表示“很少”或“幾乎沒有”;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的，表示“有一些，有一點(diǎn)兒”?
few 和 a few修飾可數(shù)名詞;little 和 a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞?
several用于修飾可數(shù)名詞，語意比a few和some更肯定，含有“好幾個(gè)”的意思?
some可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞，從數(shù)量上說，它有時(shí)相當(dāng)于a few 或 a little,有時(shí)指更多一些的數(shù)量?
4. the other, another
the other 指兩個(gè)人或事物中的“另一個(gè)”，表示特指?如：We stood on one side of the road and they stood on the other. 我們站在街這邊，他們站在那邊?
another著重于不定數(shù)目中的“另外一個(gè)”，表示泛指，所以常用來指至少三個(gè)中的一個(gè)?如：She has taken another of my books. 她已經(jīng)拿了我的另外一本書?
5. spend, take, cost, pay
spend的賓語通常是時(shí)間?金錢?在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，句子的主語必須是人，而且后面不能用動(dòng)詞不定式做它的賓語?如：She spent the whole evening in reading. 她把整個(gè)晚上用來讀書?
take常常用來指“花費(fèi)”時(shí)間，句子的主語通常是表示事物的詞語?如：How long will this job take you?你做這項(xiàng)工作要花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?
cost 指花費(fèi)時(shí)間?金錢或力氣等，只能用表示事物的詞做主語，并且不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)?如：How much does the jacket cost?這件夾克多少錢?
pay 主要指主語(某人)買某物(或?yàn)槟呈?付多少錢(給某人)?如：I pay for my rooms by month. 我按月支付租金?
6. speak, say, talk, tell
這四個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有“說”的意思?speak的意思是“講話;演講”，著重指說話的動(dòng)作，指開口說或連續(xù)不斷地說，多用作不及物動(dòng)詞;用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其賓語是語言名稱?如：He can speak Japanese. 他會(huì)說日語?
say的意思是“說;講”，一般用作及物動(dòng)詞，著重指說話的內(nèi)容?它的賓語可以是名詞?代詞或直接引語等?如：She says, “Don’t draw on the wall!”她說：“別在墻上畫畫!”
talk的意思是“說;講;談話”，與speak意義比較接近，但不如speak正式，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)兩人之間的相互談話，也可指單方面的談話?如：She is talking with John in English。她正在和約翰用英語交談?
tell意為“告訴;講述;吩咐”，多指以口頭方式將某事告訴某人，常接雙賓語?除了story, news, truth, joke, lie(謊言)等直接賓語外，還可以接人等間接賓語?如：She is telling the children a story。她正在給孩子們講故事?
7. among, between
between 的意思是“在……中間，在……之間”，一般指在兩者之間?如：There is a table between two windows. 在兩扇窗戶之間有一張桌子?between 有時(shí)也表示在多于兩個(gè)以上的事物之間，但那是指在每二者之間?如：the relationship between different provinces and municiplities 省市和省市之間的關(guān)系(這里是指每?jī)蓚�(gè)省市之間的相互關(guān)系?)
among 的意思是“在……中間?在……之中”，一般指在三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的同類事物之中?如：The teacher distributed them among the students. 老師把這些東西分給了學(xué)生?
8. beat, win
這兩個(gè)詞都有“獲勝，打敗”的意思，但其后賓語不同?beat是“打敗，優(yōu)于”的意思，后面接人或隊(duì)?如：We beat them. 我們打敗了他們?
win指“贏，獲勝”，后面接比賽?名次?如：We won the match/game/race/the first place. 我們贏了這場(chǎng)比賽(獲得了第一名)?
9. agree with, agree on, agree to
agree on表示“就……取得一致意見”?如：We all agree on (making) an early start. 我們一致同意及早出發(fā)?
agree with表示“與……意見一致”，后面既可以跟表示人的名詞或人稱代詞，也可以跟表示意見?看法的名詞或what引導(dǎo)的從句?如：I agree with you without reservation。我毫無保留地同意你的意見?We agree with what you said just now。我們同意你剛才所說的意見?
agree to后面不能接人，只能接“提議，計(jì)劃，方案”等詞句?如：I agree to the terms proposed. 我同意擬議的條件?
10. bring, take, carry,fetch
這四個(gè)詞都是動(dòng)詞，都含有“帶”或“拿”的意思，但使用的場(chǎng)合各不相同?
bring作“帶來，拿來”解?如：Next time don’t forget to bring me a copy of your work. 下次不要忘了把一份你的作品帶給我?
take是bring的對(duì)語，作“帶去，拿去”解?如：Take the box away, please. 請(qǐng)把盒子拿走?
carry表示“運(yùn)載，攜帶”之意，運(yùn)送的方式很多，可以用車?船，也可以用手甚至用頭?如：This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers. 這輛巴士準(zhǔn)載一百人?
fetch則表示“去拿來”的意思?如：Please fetch me the documents in that room. 請(qǐng)到那間房間去把文件拿來給我?
11. each, every
兩詞都是“每個(gè)”的意思，但著重點(diǎn)不同?each著重個(gè)別的情況，every著重全體，有“所有的”的意思?如：She knows each student of the class。她認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)班里的每一個(gè)學(xué)生?She knows every student of the class。她認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)班所有的學(xué)生?
12. no one, none
no one指“沒有人(只能指人，不能用來指物)”，意思與nobody相同，作主語時(shí)不必跟of連用，如：No one believes him since he is not honest. 沒有人相信他，因?yàn)樗徽\(chéng)實(shí)?No one else but I went. 除我以外，誰也沒去?
none指“一個(gè)也沒有(既可指人，也可指物)”，作主語時(shí)代替不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;代替可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單?復(fù)數(shù)都可以?但在 “主+系+表”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果表語為復(fù)數(shù)，則系動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式?如：None of us are(is) afraid of difficulties. 我們誰也不怕困難?
13. go on doing, go on to do, go on with
這三個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語都有“繼續(xù)做某事”的意思，其區(qū)別如下：go on doing表示“繼續(xù)做，一直在做某事(中間無間斷)”;go on to do表示“接著做某事”，即某事已做完，接著做另一件事;go on with也表示“繼續(xù)做某事”，其含義是某一動(dòng)作一度中止后，又繼續(xù)下去?
14. too much, much too
二者都有“太，非常”之意，much too為副詞詞組，修飾形容詞?副詞，不可修飾動(dòng)詞?如：It’s much too cold。天氣實(shí)在是太冷了?
too much作“太多”講，有以下三種用法?
(1)作名詞詞組?如：You have given us too much. 你給我們的太多了?
(2)作形容詞詞組修飾不可數(shù)名詞?如：Don’t drink too
much wine. 不要飲太多的酒?
(3)作副詞詞組修飾不及物動(dòng)詞?如：She talks too much. 她說話太多?
15. lonely, alone
二者都可表示“孤獨(dú)，獨(dú)自”，alone指客觀存在的“孤獨(dú)”，而lonely更偏重一種主觀感受上的“寂寞”?如：I went alone. 我是一個(gè)人去的?Mary lived alone, but she didn’t feel lonely. 瑪麗孤身一人生活，但她并不感到孤獨(dú)?
16. happen, take place與occur
happen有“偶然”的意思，多用于客觀事物?情況的發(fā)生?如：Whatever has happened to your arm? It’s all swollen. 你的手臂怎么了?腫得好歷害, 本空間名為騰訊認(rèn)證(蔡章兵主編QQ757722345)空間，本空間每天都有5篇左右資源更新，你只須點(diǎn)擊空間頂部“關(guān)注”并設(shè)置為特 別關(guān)心，就會(huì)收到每天更新的信息， 歡迎加微信czbqsyy收聽更多信息。
occur 指有計(jì)劃地使某些事“發(fā)生”?有時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)“呈現(xiàn)”于人的知覺中?如：Did it occur to you to phone them about it?你難道沒想到就這事給他們打個(gè)電話?
具體事物?事件作主語時(shí)，happen和occur可以通用?如：The accident happened/occurred yesterday. 事故是昨天發(fā)生的?
take place 指事件發(fā)生，但常用來表示“舉行”的意思，帶有非偶然性?例如：The meeting took place last night。會(huì)議昨晚舉行?
17. in front of, in the front of
in front of的意思是“在……前面”?如：There is a tree in front of the house。房子前面有一棵樹?
in the front of的意思是“在……前部”，指在某個(gè)空間范圍內(nèi)的前面?如：There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室里前部有一塊黑板?
18. find, find out
兩者都有“發(fā)現(xiàn)”的意思，但語義有差別?find有偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)某物的意味?如：He found a bag on the floor. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上有個(gè)書包?
find out指“經(jīng)過，探聽，詢問”，指調(diào)查之后的“發(fā)現(xiàn)”或“弄清楚”?如：Please find out who took my book by mistake。請(qǐng)查清楚誰錯(cuò)拿了我的書?
19. noise, voice, sound
這三個(gè)詞都作“聲音”解，在表示“聽到聲音”這個(gè)意思時(shí)，三者可以通用?但它們又各有特定的含義?
sound 作“聲音”解，含義最廣，指可以聽到的任何聲音，如：a weak sound 微弱的聲?
noise作“噪音，嘈雜聲，吵鬧聲”解，指不悅耳，不和諧的聲音?它既可作可數(shù)名詞，也可作不可數(shù)名詞?如：Another kind of pollution is noise. 另外一種污染是噪音?
voice 作“聲音”解時(shí)，多指人發(fā)出的聲音，包括說話聲?歌聲和笑聲?如：He shouted at the top of voice. 他高聲呼喊?有時(shí)也用于引申意義，作“意見?發(fā)言權(quán)”解?如：I have no voice in the matter. 對(duì)于這件事，我沒有發(fā)言權(quán)?
20. arrive, get, reach
三者均可表示“到達(dá)”，arrive后通常接介詞at(一般用于較小的地方)或 in(一般用于較大的地方)?如：We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我們晚了5分鐘到車站?又如：They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他們將于下周星期一到達(dá)巴黎.
get之后通常接介詞to?如：When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我們到達(dá)公園時(shí)，就開始下雨了.
reach是及物動(dòng)詞(較 get更正式)，其后可直接跟地點(diǎn)名詞做賓語(不能用介詞)?如：He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到達(dá)北京.
中考必考詞組、句型100例
1. want to do sth. 想做某事
Eg. I want to go to school.
2. want sb. to do sth. 想讓某人做某事
Eg. . I want my son to go to school.welcome to sp歡迎到某地
3. be different from 與---不同
Eg. The weather in Beijing is different from that of Nanjing.
4. be the same as 與……相同
Eg. His trousers are the same as mine.
5. be friendly to sb. 對(duì)某人友好
Eg. Mr. Wang is very friendly to us.
6.welcome t
Eg. Welcome to China.
7. What’s the matter with sb./ sth? 出什么毛病了?
Eg. What’s the matter with your watch?
8. what to do 做什么
Eg. We don’t know what to do next.
9. let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事
Eg. Let him enter the room.
10. let sb. not do sth. 讓某人不做某人
Eg. Let him not stand in the rain.
11. why don’t you do sth? 怎么不做某事呢? =
Eg. Why don’t you play football with us?
12. why not do sth.? 怎么不做某事呢?
Eg. Why not play football with us?
13. make sb. sth. 為某人制造某物=
Eg. My father made me a kite.
14. make sth for sb. 為某人制造某物
Eg. My father made a kite for me.
15. What …mean by …?做……是什么意思?
Eg. What do you mean by doing that?
16. like doing sth. 喜愛做某事
Eg. Jim likes swimming.
17. like to do sth.喜愛做某事
Eg. He doesn’t like to swim now.
18. feel like doing sth. 想做某事
Eg. I feel like eating bananas.
19. would like to do sth. 愿意做某事
Eg. Would you like to go rowing with me?
20. would like sb. to do sth. 愿意某人做某事
Eg. I’d like you to stay with me tonight.
21. make sb. do sth. 逼使某人做某事
Eg. His brother often makes him stay in the sun.
22. let sb. do sth.讓某人做某事
Eg. Let me sing a song for you.
23. have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
Eg. You shouldn’t have the students work so hard.
24. be far from sp離某地遠(yuǎn)
Eg. His school is far from his home.
25. be near to sp離某地近
Eg. The hospital is near to the post office.
26. be good at sth./doing sth.擅長(zhǎng)某事/做某事
Eg. We are good at English.
They are good at boating.
27. It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花多少時(shí)間做某事
Eg. It took me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes.
28. sb. spends some time/money (in )doing sth.某人花多少時(shí)間做某事
Eg. I spent twenty years in writing the novel.
29. sb. spends some time/money on sth.某事花了某人多少時(shí)間/金錢
Eg. Jim spent 1000 yuan on the bike.
30. sth. costs sb. some money.某物花了某人多少錢
Eg. The bike cost Jim 1000 yuan.
31. sb. pays some money for sth.某人為某物付了多少錢
Eg. Jim paid 1000 yuan for the bike.
32. begin/start with sth. 開始做某事
Eg. The started the meeting with a song.
33. be going to do sth. 打算做某事
Eg. We are going to study in Japan.
34. call A B叫A B
Eg. They called the village Gumtree.
35. thank sb. for sth./doing sth.感謝某人做某事
Eg. Thank you for your help.
Thank you for helping me.
36. What ……for? 為什么
Eg. What do you learn English for?
37. How/ what about doing sth.?做某事怎么樣?
Eg. How about going fishing?
38. S +be+ the+最高級(jí)+of/in短語=
Eg. Lucy is the tallest in her class.
39. S + be +比較級(jí)+than any other + n.
Eg. Lucy is taller than any other student in her class.
40. have to do sth.不得不做某事
Eg. I have to go home now.
41. had better do sth. 最好做某事
Eg. You’d better study hard at English.
42. had better not do sth. 最好別做某事
Eg. You’d better not stay up.
43. help sb. to do sth. 幫助某人做某事
Eg. Lucy often helps Lily to wash her clothes.
44. help sb. do sth.幫助某人做某事
Eg. He usually helps me learn English.
45. help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事
Eg. I sometimes help my mother with the housework.
46. make it +時(shí)間把時(shí)間定在幾點(diǎn)
Eg. Let’s make it 8:30.
47. take sb. to sp帶某人到某地
Eg. Mr. Wang will take us to the Summer Palace next Sunday.
49. have nothing to do (with sb)與某人沒有關(guān)系
Eg. That has nothing to do with me.
50. 主語+ don’t think + 從句 認(rèn)為……不……
Eg. I don’t think it will rain tomorrow.
51. It’s + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 做某事對(duì)某人來說怎么樣
Eg. It is lucky for you to go to London.
52. How + adj/ adv + 主+ 謂!多么……啊!
Eg. How beautiful the flower is!
53. what + a/an + adj + [ ] + 主+ 謂!
Eg. What an beautiful flower it is!
54. What + adj+ pl./[u] +主+ 謂!
Eg. What bad weather it is today!
55. find it + adj+ to do sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事如何
Eg. I find it hard to speak English well!
56. ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物
Eg. They often ask me for money.
57. need to do sth. 需要做某事
Eg. You need to study hard.
58. need sth需要某物
Eg. I don’t need your money.
59. use A to do B用A來做B
Eg. We use pens to write.
60. show sb. Sth給某人看某物=
Eg. Please show me the map.
61.show sth. to sb. 把某物給某人看
Eg. Please show the map to me.
62. pass sb. sth. 把某物遞給某人=
Eg. Pass me the cup of tea.
63. pass sth. to sb.把某物遞給某人
Eg. Pass the cup of tea to me.
64. buy sb. sth. 為某人買某物=
Eg. Mother bought me a bike.
65. buy sth. for sb. 為某人買某物
Eg. Mother bought a bike for me.
66.give sb. sth把某物給某人=
Eg. Jim gave me an English dictionary.
67. give sth. to sb. 把某物給某人
Eg. Jim gave an English dictionary to me.
68. get to sp達(dá)到某地 =
Eg. I got to Beijing on the morning of May 1st.
69. arrive at /in sp 達(dá)到某地=
Eg. I arrived in Beijing on the morning of May 1st.
70. reach sp達(dá)到某地
Eg. I reached Beijing on the morning of May 1st.
71. hope to do sth.希望某人做某事
Eg. I hope to see you soon.
72. there is sth. wrong with sth./sb. 某物出設(shè)么毛病了=
Eg. There is something wrong my car.
73. sth. is wrong with ……某物出設(shè)么毛病了
Eg. Something is wrong with my car.
74. How do you like sth? 你認(rèn)為……怎么樣?=
Eg. How do you like Beijing?
75.What do you think of sth.? 你認(rèn)為……怎么樣?
Eg. What do you think of Beijing?
76. start doing sth. 開始做某事
Eg. I started learning English in 1983.
77. start to do sth.開始做某事
Eg. I started to watch TV after finishing my homework.
78.finish doing sth. 完成作某事
Eg. I finished cleaning my car just now.
79. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事
Eg. They all enjoy living and working in China.
80.What / when / where / who / something / anything / nothing else ……
別的什么/何時(shí)/何地/誰……
Eg. What else do you want to buy?
Where else have you gone?
Who else have you played with?
I have nothing else to tell you.
Would you like something else?
81. forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事了
Eg. I forgot turning off the lights. Look, it is dark in the room.
82. forget to do sth. 忘了做某事了
Eg. I forgot to turn off the lights.Could you go back and shut the off?
83. remember doing sth. 記得做過某事了
Eg. I remembered returning your money. You are so forgetful.
84. remember to do sth. 記住做某事
Eg. Remember to bring me some money. I’ve run out of it.
85.stop to do sth.停下來去做某事
Eg. He stopped to talk with Mary when she enter the office.
86. stop doing sth. 停止做某事
Eg. The students stopped talking when the teachet came in.
87. watch/see/hear sb. do sth.觀看/看見/聽見某人做某事
Eg. I saw you pick an apple just now.
88. watch/see/hear sb. doing sth.觀看/看見/聽見某人在做某事
Eg. I saw you playing basketball with your classmates on the playground last Sunday.
89. go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)作謀事
Eg. He went on reading after a short rest.
90.go on to do sth. 繼續(xù)作謀事
Eg. He went on to read after finishing wash the dishes.
91. go on with sth. 繼續(xù)某事
Eg. He went on with his work after a short rest.
92. say hello/goodbye to sb. 向某人告別
Eg.I came to say good-bye to you.
93. be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
Eg. They are busy planting trees on the hill.
94. be interested in sth. 對(duì)某事感興趣
Eg. English is very interesting. We are all interested in it.
95. tell sb. to do sth. 告訴某人做某事
Eg. Mother told me to go shopping with her.
96. ask sb. to do sth. 請(qǐng)某人做某事
Eg. Jim ask me to go rowing with him.
97. call/ring sb. up給某人打電話
Eg. I will call you up tommow.
98. be ready to do sth. 準(zhǔn)備做某事
Eg. We are ready to have lunch.
99. go doing sth. 去做某事
Eg. Let’s go fishing.
100. prefer A/doing A to B/doing B 喜歡A/做A而非B/做B
Eg. Lucy prefers English to French.
I prefer staying at home to going to the cinema.
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