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2017中考英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)
初三同學(xué)距離中考的日子也一天天臨近。在這爭分奪秒之際，我們?yōu)榇蠹沂崂砹酥锌加⒄Z中的易錯知識點(diǎn)，這些看似簡單、實(shí)際上有迷惑性的考點(diǎn)，大家務(wù)必了然于心。
[第一類] 名詞類
No.1
[誤] What are the woman teachers doing?
[正] What are the women teachers doing?
[析] 當(dāng)一名詞作定語修飾另一名詞(單或復(fù)數(shù)形式)時(shí)，作定語的名詞要用其單數(shù)形式;但當(dāng)man, woman作定語修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí)，要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式men, women.
No.2
[誤] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people表示“人們”時(shí)，本身就是復(fù)數(shù)形式，加s就表示“民族”了。
No.3
[誤] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.
[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.
[析] 表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時(shí)，常用“a/an或數(shù)詞+表量的可數(shù)名詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)，其中當(dāng)數(shù)詞大于1時(shí)，表量的可數(shù)名詞用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。
[第二類] 代詞類
No.1
[誤] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.
[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.
[析] 物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分。形容詞性物主代詞之后一定要接名詞，而名詞性物主代詞之后不接任何詞。
No.2
[誤] Miss Wu teaches our English.
[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.
[析] teach sb. sth.中的sb.作teach的賓語，因此當(dāng)sb.為人稱代詞時(shí)要用其賓格形式。
[第三類] 介詞類
No.1
[誤] Can you find the answer of this question?
[正] Can you find the answer to this question?
[析] 英語中用“the answer to…”表示“……的答案”。類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有the key to the door、the way to the zoo.
No.2
[誤] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.
[正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.
[析] 在上午、下午等時(shí)，介詞要用in;而在具體的某天上午、下午時(shí)，介詞要用on.
[第四類] 副詞類
[誤] Lily，why don’t you go to home?
[正] Lily，why don’t you go home?
[析] come，go等后接here，there，home等地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí)，地點(diǎn)副詞前不加to。
[第五類] 連詞類
[誤] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. and history.
[正] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. or history.
[析] 肯定句中并列成分間用and連接;而在否定句中，并列成分之間的連接需用or。
[第六類] 冠詞類
[誤] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.
[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.
[析]
1)表示“……一家人”用結(jié)構(gòu)“the+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”;
2)hour第一個(gè)字母不發(fā)音，它是以元音音素開頭的，所以“一小時(shí)”要用an hour;
3)用介詞by表示“乘坐”某種交通工具時(shí)，交通工具名詞前不加任何冠詞。
[第七類] 句法類
No.1
[誤] ―Aren’t you a student? ―No, I am.
[正] ―Aren’t you a student? ―Yes, I am.
[析] 對否定疑問句的回答是用Yes還是用No，這取決于實(shí)際情況：如果事實(shí)是肯定的，就用Yes表“不”;如果事實(shí)是否定的，就用No表“是的”。建議考生將其換成一般疑問句作答。
No.2
[誤] Because he was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work.
[正] Because he was ill yesterday, he didn’t go to work.
[正] He was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work.
[析] 用though, but表示“雖然……，但是……”或用because, so 表示“因?yàn)?hellip;…，所以……”時(shí)，though和but 及because和so 都只能擇一而用，不能兩者同時(shí)使用。
No.3
[誤] The Smiths have moved Beijing.
[正] The Smiths have moved to Beijing.
[析] 不及物動詞后接名詞或代詞作賓語時(shí)，要在動詞之后加上介詞;但不及物動詞后接home, here, there等副詞作賓語時(shí)，動詞之后不必加任何介詞。
No.4
[誤] The box is too heavy for him to carry it.
[正] The box is too heavy for him to carry.
[析] the box既是這句話的主語, 也是不定式to carry的邏輯賓語，若句末再加上it，就和the box重復(fù)了。
No.5
[誤] Each of the boys have a pen.
[正] Each of the boys has a pen.
[析] 復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有表個(gè)體的each of，one of，every，either of等詞組修飾，或有表否定的neither of，none of等詞組修飾時(shí)，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。
No.6
[誤] Neither he nor you is good at English.
[正] Neither he nor you are good at English.
[析] either... or..., neither... nor..., not only..., but also...等詞組連接句子的兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動詞遵循“就近原則”，即由靠近謂語的那個(gè)主語決定謂語的形式。
No.7
[誤] Ten minus three are seven.
[正] Ten minus three is seven.
[析] 用英語表示加(plus)、減(minus)等數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算時(shí)，謂語動詞也用單數(shù)形式。
No.8
[誤] The number of the workers in this factory are about 5,000.
[正] The number of the workers in this factory is about 5,000.
[析] the number of表示“……的數(shù)量”，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;a number of的意思是“若干”或“許多”，和復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
No.9
[誤] Hello! I have important something to tell you.
[正] Hello! I have something important to tell you.
[析] 形容詞修飾不定代詞作定語時(shí)，修飾成分要置于不定代詞之后。
No.10
[誤] His son is enough old to go to school.
[正] His son is old enough to go to school.
[析] enough作形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，放在名詞前;作副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，只能放在形容詞或副詞之后。
No.11
[誤] Here is your sweater, put away it.
[正] Here is your sweater, put it away.
[析] put away, pick up, put on等“動詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的詞組后接代詞作賓語時(shí)，代詞只能放在動詞和副詞之間。
No.12
[誤] Look! Here the bus comes.
[正] Look! Here comes the bus.
[析] 在以here, there引起的陳述句中，若句子的主語是名詞，要用倒裝語序，即用“Here /There+動詞+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu);但主語若是代詞時(shí)，則不用倒裝語序, 即用“Here/There +代詞+動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。
No.13
I do well in playing football, _______. (我妹妹也行。)
A. so my sister does(×)
B. so does my sister(√)
-- Li Lei is really a football fan. -- _______. (確實(shí)這樣。)
A. So is he(×)
B. So he is(√)
[析] “so+be動詞/助動詞+主語”的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)表示前面所述情況也適用于后者，意為“……也是這樣”;“so+主語+be動詞/助動詞”的陳述結(jié)構(gòu)表示對前述情況的肯定，意為“……確實(shí)如此”。
No.14
重慶比中國的其他城市都大。
Chongqing is larger than any city in China. (×)
Chongqing is larger than any other city in China. (√)
[析] ‘any city in China’包括了重慶這座城市, 同一事物自己與自己不能做比較，只有在city 前加上other才能表示重慶和中國的其它城市比較大小。
No.15
[誤] The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than Beijing.
[正] The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than that in Beijing.
[析] 表示比較時(shí)，句子中的兩個(gè)比較對象必須一致，不同的比較對象不能做比較。錯誤句的比較對象分別為the weather in Guangzhou和Beijing，這兩個(gè)不同類的事物間不能做比較。
No.16
[誤] There is going to have a film tonight.
[正] There is going to be a film tonight.
[析] 一般將來時(shí)用在 There be 句式中時(shí)，be going to或will之后的動詞原形只能用be,也就是說要用There is (are) going to be... / There will be...
No.17
[誤] I’ll go hiking if it won’t rain next Sunday.
[正] I’ll go hiking if it doesn’t rain next Sunday.
[析] 在含有時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，如果主句的謂語動詞用了一般將來時(shí)，從句的謂語動詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來的動作。
No.18
[誤] Teacher told us yesterday that the earth went around the sun.
[正] Teacher told us yesterday that the earth goes around the sun.
[析] 賓語從句中，主句的謂語動詞用了一般過去時(shí)，從句的謂語動詞要用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。但如果從句表述的是客觀事實(shí)或客觀真理時(shí)，則不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響，而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
No.19
All the balls are not round. 翻譯成漢語：
所有的球都不是圓的。(×)
并不是所有的球都是圓的。(√)
[析] all, every, both等詞和not連用時(shí)，not通常放在all, every, both的后面，一般情況下表示部分否定，意為“并非……都……”。
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