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英語的平行結(jié)構(gòu)詳解
英語平行結(jié)構(gòu)是指連接兩個或以上對等的詞和對等的結(jié)構(gòu)，想要學好英語怎么能不知道平行結(jié)構(gòu)的用法呢?下面就讓小編為大家詳解一下吧。
英語平行結(jié)構(gòu)詳解
一、連詞連接兩個對等的詞和對等的結(jié)構(gòu)并列連詞
（and, but, as well as, or, or else, both … and, neither … nor, either … or, not only … but (also）rather than等以及從屬連詞than可連接兩個對等的詞和對等的結(jié)構(gòu)。
1.所連接的謂語形式必須一致
例1：He went downtown, bought some books and visited his daughter.
例2：Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but not used in warfare until two hundred years later.
2.所連接的詞或短語形式必須一致
例1：Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also on how you participate in
class.
例2：We often go to the countryside as well as to factories.
例3：I would much rather go to the countryside than stay here.
3.連接的非謂語動詞的形式必須一致
例1：Some find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.
例2：He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.
4.所連接的句子結(jié)構(gòu)必須一致
例1：She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told him.
例2：The purpose of the research had a more different meaning for them than it did for us.
二、某些特定的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
1、有些詞后要用平行結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
prefer sth to sth
prefer doing sth to doing sth
prefer to do sth rather than do sth
（1）I prefer rice to noodles.
（2）I prefer watching TV to listening to music.
�。�3）He preferred to die rather than surrender.
2、有些結(jié)構(gòu)中要用平行結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
would ， had rather ， sooner do something than do something, would， had as soon do something as do something
(寧可……也不……)
�。�1）Liu Hulan said she had rather die than give up.
�。�2） I would as soon stay at home as go.
三、部分強調(diào)句
要強調(diào)句子的某一部分，可以把句子的結(jié)構(gòu)改變一下，通常有兩種表示強調(diào)的句式：It is / was … that …結(jié)構(gòu)和What … is was…結(jié)構(gòu)。
一、It is， was … that … 結(jié)構(gòu)
1.It is，was … that … 結(jié)構(gòu)可以用來強調(diào)句子中幾乎任何部分
例1：It was my mother that threw an egg at Mr. Li yesterday.
例2：It was Mr. Li that my mother threw an egg at yesterday.
2.被強調(diào)的部分指人時，可用who枵whom
強調(diào)主語時，如果指的是人， 可以不用that而用who來代替。強調(diào)賓語時，如果指點的是人，可用whom.例如：
�。�1）It was the dean who walked by.
（2）It was Mary whom the old lady missed most.
3被強調(diào)部分指物時，要用that
例如：It was an egg that my mother threw at Mr. Li yesterday.
4.被強調(diào)部分是狀語時，也只能用that，不能用when或where.
例1：It is during his spare time that John has been studying a course in French.
例2：It was in the hall that the mayor held the press conference.
5.不能用It is / was … that 結(jié)構(gòu)強調(diào)動詞
強調(diào)動詞常用do,過去式用did.例如：
（1） They did study very hard yesterday.
�。�2）He does look forward to making the acquaintance of her.
What … is / was … 結(jié)構(gòu)
二、What … is / was … 結(jié)構(gòu)常用來強調(diào)主語或賓語，在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，is/ was后面是強調(diào)的部分。例如：
（1）What hurts is my left leg.
�。�2）What I like is her style.
英語句型結(jié)構(gòu)知識點“復合句”詳解
復合句
復合句(Complex Sentence)由一個主句(Principal Clause)和一個或一個以上的從句(Subordinate Clause)構(gòu)成。
主句是全句的主體，通�？梢元毩⒋嬖�;從句則是一個句子成分，不能獨立存在。
從句不能單獨成句，但它也有主語部分和謂語部分，就像一個句子一樣。所不同在于，從句須由一個關(guān)聯(lián)詞(connective)引導。
賓語從句的語法意義及結(jié)構(gòu)
語法意義：
賓語從句在復合句中作主句的賓語。賓語從句通常由連詞(that, whether, if)、連接代詞(which, what, who, whose, whom)或連接副詞(where, how, when, why)等引導。及物動詞、介詞或某些系表結(jié)構(gòu)后可帶賓語從句。
句型結(jié)構(gòu)：
主語+謂語+引導詞+主語+謂語(+其他成分)
結(jié)果狀語從句
連詞有：so … that, such … that
(1) so...that"如此……以致"，that在非正式文體中可以省略，so后面接形容詞或副詞。如：
She spoke __________ fast ___________ nobody could catch what she was saying.
她說話如此之快竟沒有人聽出來她在講什么。
There is _________ little time left _________ I have to tell you about it later.
現(xiàn)在剩下的時間不多了，我只好以后再給你講這件事。
(2) such...that"如此……以致",
具體內(nèi) 容是：
①such +形容詞+名詞+that從句。其中的名詞可以是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或復數(shù)，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。
�、� such +a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+that從句,可換成so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)名詞+that從句。如：
The Japanese student made _________ rapid progress __________ he soon began to write article in Chinese.
那個日本留學生進步很快，不久就開始用中文寫文章了。
The professor told us __________________________ all the students laughed.
=___________________________________________________________________________.
教授講了個很有趣的故事，(以致于)所有的學生都笑了起來。
She is _________ beautiful __________ everyone likes her.
= ___________________________________________________________________________.
英語定語從句知識點：限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句
1.二者差異比較
限制定語從句緊跟先行詞，同先行詞這間一般不加逗號，僅修飾先行詞，可以由關(guān)系代詞.關(guān)系副詞或that來引導。非限制性定語從句僅作補充或說明，用逗號與主句隔開，既可修飾先行詞，又可修飾整個主句，不可用that引導。
2.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇依據(jù)
弄清代替先行詞的關(guān)系詞在從句中作什么成分,作狀語的應選用關(guān)系副詞，作主語.賓語或表語的可選用關(guān)系代詞。
3. 先行詞與定語從句隔離
定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后，但定語從句與先行詞之間有時也會插入別的成分，構(gòu)成先行詞與定語從句的隔離。例如：
�。�1） This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about.
（2） He was the only person in this country who was invited.
初中英語知識點總結(jié)：
1. Why don’t you do sth.?
2. make sb. Happy
3. borrow sth. from sb.
4. forget to do sth.
5. pay fro sth.
6. return sth. To sb.
7. learn sth. from sb.
8. be famous for sth.
9. No matter what…
10. be with sb.
11. go on doing sth.
12. speak highly of sb.
13. keep doing sth.
14. allow sb. To do sth.
15. encourage sb. to do sth.
16. It is said that…
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