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高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力答題技巧總結(jié)2017
高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力是高考英語(yǔ)試卷中的第一部分,在整套試題中占據(jù)重要地位。它要求考生從頭到尾按順序往下聽(tīng),在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)做出選擇,沒(méi)有“回頭看”的余地。與語(yǔ)法、閱讀等書面考試題型相比,具有極強(qiáng)的時(shí)間效應(yīng),且不具備復(fù)制性。因此一些基本的聽(tīng)力應(yīng)試技巧,對(duì)于在考場(chǎng)上正常發(fā)揮水平,取得理想的成績(jī)尤為重要。下面是yjbys小編為大家?guī)?lái)的高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力答題技巧總結(jié)的知識(shí),歡迎閱讀。
一、學(xué)會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)
預(yù)測(cè)是在做聽(tīng)力理解之前根據(jù)各種暗示,如所給答案選項(xiàng),段落或?qū)υ挊?biāo)題等已有知識(shí),對(duì)即將聽(tīng)到的段落或?qū)υ拑?nèi)容進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。
1. 從答案選項(xiàng)中預(yù)測(cè):
Q: What does Tom do?
A. He’s a truck driver. B. He’s a ship captain. C. He’s a pilot.
錄音:
W: Tom flew to Anchorage last night, then took some passengers from there to Dallas .
M: Yeah, but he couldn‘t land because the airport in Dallas was snowed in. 從選項(xiàng)看,問(wèn)題應(yīng)是關(guān)于職業(yè)方面的,再?gòu)膄lew, passengers, airport這些信息詞中可知道Tom的職業(yè)。
2. 從說(shuō)話人口氣預(yù)測(cè):
在A,B兩人的對(duì)話中,如果B是附和或贊成,往往說(shuō)“Yes”,“I agree”,“Sure”,“I think so”等。但如A用否定句,B表同意時(shí)則用“No”,“Neither / Nor?”等。
例如: A: Harvey doesn’t seem to fit into this class. B: No, he is really a fish out of water.
二、 做簡(jiǎn)要筆記
聽(tīng)錄音時(shí)快速,準(zhǔn)確,簡(jiǎn)要地記下有關(guān)信息(包括數(shù)字,人名,地名,關(guān)鍵詞),前提是不要影響跟聽(tīng)速度,采用自己習(xí)慣的符號(hào)。
例:How much will the man pay for the tickets?
A. $18 B. $24 C. $30
錄音:
W: Tickets for the movie are $ 6 for adults, half price for children.
M: All right, I’d like three tickets for adults and two tickets for children, please. 筆記可簡(jiǎn)化為:$ 6 A(A代表adult),C代表children,3A+2C或6 A(3)+ half C(2)
三、聽(tīng)清數(shù)據(jù),簡(jiǎn)要記錄,加以運(yùn)算。
在獲取時(shí)間信息時(shí),不要誤把會(huì)話中提到的時(shí)間簡(jiǎn)單確定為問(wèn)題的答案。高考聽(tīng)力考查時(shí)間時(shí)往往要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的時(shí)間換算。
At what time does the train to Leeds leave?
A. 3:00 B. 3:15 C. 5:00
錄音:
W: Excuse me, could you tell me when the next train to Manchester is? M: Sure. Well, it’s 3 now. The next train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours, but you can take the train to Leeds which leaves in 15 minutes, and then get off at Manchester on the way.
對(duì)話中提到了三個(gè)時(shí)間It‘s 3 now, in 2 hours, in 15 minutes.現(xiàn)在是3點(diǎn),開(kāi)往Manchester的火車要兩小時(shí)后才開(kāi),即The train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours。若簡(jiǎn)單機(jī)械地把3點(diǎn)和2點(diǎn)相加,會(huì)得出火車5點(diǎn)才開(kāi)的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)C。
數(shù)字類問(wèn)題分辨別類和計(jì)算類兩種:
1. 要注意區(qū)分-teen和-ty及four和five的發(fā)音;辨別多位數(shù),如電話號(hào)碼,門牌等
2. 計(jì)算時(shí)間,錢款,距離,年齡,人或物的數(shù)量等;聽(tīng)出數(shù)字間的關(guān)系,更要聽(tīng)清問(wèn)題,因?yàn)閷?duì)運(yùn)算方法的要求通常寓于問(wèn)題中;注意more, less, as much(many)as, another, double, a couple of; to, past, quarter; 記住時(shí)間是60進(jìn)制 如出現(xiàn)幾個(gè)數(shù)字,應(yīng)注意鑒別問(wèn)的是那一個(gè)。
例:At what time does the office open?
A. At 8:15 B. At 8:30 C. At 7:45
從常識(shí)判斷,辦公時(shí)間往往以整點(diǎn)開(kāi)始,而不會(huì)在幾點(diǎn)幾分。
錄音:
M: I wonder why the office is still not open.
W: But it‘s not yet eight. In fact, it‘s only a quarter to eight.
四、抓住關(guān)鍵詞,對(duì)癥下藥
聽(tīng)力考試常出現(xiàn)以Where提問(wèn)的問(wèn)句,考生要通過(guò)對(duì)話的具體情節(jié)和背景判斷對(duì)話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō),特定場(chǎng)景的用語(yǔ)和關(guān)鍵詞是基本固定的,考生要對(duì)此多了解,熟悉明白。在遇到Where does the conversation take place?/ Where does sb. work? What’s his job?之類的問(wèn)題時(shí),就會(huì)派上用場(chǎng)。
如:
restaurant: menu, bill, order, tip, hamburger, beer, soup
hotel: luggage, single room, double room, room number, check in(out)
hospital: take medicine, temperature, pill, headache, fever, examine
post office: mail, deliver, stamp, envelope, parcel
airport: flight, take off, land, luggage
railway station :round trip, single trip, sleeping car
store: on sale, size, wear, color, style, price, change,bargain, fit
school: professor, exam, course, term, dining hall, playground
library: librarian, renew, date, shelf, magazine, seat
對(duì)于前五道簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話,要根據(jù)問(wèn)題的類型,從第二個(gè)講話者的答語(yǔ)中來(lái)捕捉關(guān)鍵詞
例:What’s the man going to do?
A. Run to the airport. B. Wait for another bus. C. Hurry to get the next bus.
根據(jù)選項(xiàng)看,對(duì)話似乎與bus有關(guān),主要信息捕捉范圍是在“Hurry”或“Run”和“Wait”之間。聽(tīng)音范圍明顯縮小。
錄音:
M: Excuse me, can you tell me when the next bus leaves for the airport?
W: It leaves in three minutes. If you run, you might catch it.
關(guān)鍵詞“run”和“catch”正好對(duì)上答案C的“Hurry”和“get”。
五、較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話和短文的理解 抓聽(tīng)首句和首段有助于整體理解文章;結(jié)尾部分所給出的信息不一定是題目的正確答案,可能只是一個(gè)陷阱;推理思路要正確;語(yǔ)境中抓要點(diǎn)。
獨(dú)白部分(即第十段材料)可分為四種類型:
l 人物與故事型:敘述人物的經(jīng)歷和成就,要抓住故事發(fā)展線索,所問(wèn)問(wèn)題多屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題
l 普通知識(shí)型:內(nèi)容涉及面較廣,問(wèn)題以事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題居多
l 社會(huì)科學(xué)型:涉及到文化教育,社會(huì)治安,代溝問(wèn)題,就業(yè)問(wèn)題,婦女問(wèn)題,人口問(wèn)題,環(huán)境保護(hù),國(guó)家發(fā)展等。問(wèn)題常涉及獨(dú)白的主題或題目,故需作推理判斷。
l 科普知識(shí)型:主要涉及自然科學(xué),如生物,物理,海洋,計(jì)算機(jī),醫(yī)學(xué),氣象,科學(xué)發(fā)明等。如遇專業(yè)詞匯和術(shù)語(yǔ),可利用語(yǔ)境線索猜詞義。
六、果斷選題,學(xué)會(huì)放棄
相信第一感覺(jué),當(dāng)機(jī)立斷,決不能反反復(fù)復(fù),甚至影響后面的答題,切記不可因某個(gè)小題未聽(tīng)懂而患得患失,不可因一題失多題,造成一步跟不上,步步皆踏空的結(jié)果。 總之,只要掌握基本的聽(tīng)力技巧和方法、排除一切干擾,全身心地投入語(yǔ)境、持之以恒地堅(jiān)持高考全真模擬聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練,高考中定能取得理想的成績(jī)。
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