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英語(yǔ)閱讀教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
高中英語(yǔ)(SEFC)閱讀課文具有題材廣泛、體裁各樣、語(yǔ)言知識(shí)豐富等特征,是各單元教學(xué)的核心部分,也是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生閱讀能力的主要渠道。然而,傳統(tǒng)的閱讀課教學(xué)模式常常是單一的自下而上模式,教學(xué)方式只是把課文作為單純向?qū)W生傳授語(yǔ)法及語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的載體,忽視了培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀速度和理解能力;傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解提問(wèn)方式也常常停留在對(duì)所閱讀文章的表層理解層次上。那么,如何借助這些課文來(lái)提高學(xué)生的閱讀速度、閱讀理解能力和語(yǔ)言水平呢?下面小編跟大家分享高中英語(yǔ)的閱讀課的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì),希望大家喜歡!【高中英語(yǔ)閱讀課教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)】
一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)
Teaching aims and demands
1. Master the new words and expressions:
(1).Words: beauty, harvest, starve, origin, religious, ancestor, feast, bone, belief, poet, arrival, gain, gather, independence, agricultural, award, admire, rooster, energetic, clothing, Easter, Christian custom.
(2).Expressions: take place, in memory of, dress up, play a trick on, look forward to, day and night, as though, have fun with.
2. Learn to describe festivals Ss know using the words and expressions learned in the lesson.
3. Develop their reading skills: skipping, skimming, scanning, word-guessing, close reading, summarizing, comparing.
4. 學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)世界各地節(jié)日的分類、不同慶祝方式,對(duì)生活的影響,從而學(xué)生能更深理解節(jié)日的內(nèi)涵。
5. Understand the useful sentences and the structure of the passage, and then be able to do some writing accordingly.
以上教學(xué)目標(biāo)中目標(biāo)1是知識(shí)目標(biāo),2和3是技能目標(biāo);其中3是訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的閱讀技能,把高考考綱規(guī)定的六鐘閱讀技能的培養(yǎng)貫穿在日常教學(xué)中。4是情感態(tài)度和文化意識(shí)目標(biāo),這兩方面的素養(yǎng)是促進(jìn)學(xué)生語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的基礎(chǔ)(文化意識(shí)是學(xué)生得體運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的保證,情感態(tài)度是影響學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和發(fā)展的重要因素);在高中階段,思維方式、文化意識(shí)以及對(duì)不同文化藝術(shù)形式的積極情感的引導(dǎo)是語(yǔ)言教學(xué)的一個(gè)重要目標(biāo)。目標(biāo)5把閱讀和寫作有機(jī)結(jié)合來(lái)提高學(xué)生的語(yǔ)篇意識(shí),做到學(xué)以致用,體現(xiàn)了語(yǔ)言是思維表達(dá)和文化傳播的工具,從真正意義上注重提高學(xué)生學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行思維表達(dá)和文化交流的能力,發(fā)展學(xué)生綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。
本節(jié)閱讀課的教學(xué)目標(biāo)多樣化,涵蓋課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的五個(gè)課程目標(biāo),而且具體、明確,可操作性強(qiáng)。五個(gè)教學(xué)目標(biāo)的主體是學(xué)生,突出以學(xué)生的知識(shí)技能和情感態(tài)度為發(fā)展目標(biāo),評(píng)價(jià)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是學(xué)生的發(fā)展。使《高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中對(duì)課程目標(biāo)的具體要求在這節(jié)課中都得到了充分的體現(xiàn)。教學(xué)目標(biāo)的確定是成功開(kāi)展英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)的先決條件。明確、具體、多樣化、科學(xué)、可行的教學(xué)目標(biāo)是實(shí)現(xiàn)有效教學(xué)的前提。因此,教師在上每節(jié)課必須要有明確的教學(xué)目標(biāo),從而才有演繹式的教學(xué)目標(biāo)產(chǎn)生歸納式的教學(xué)效果。一堂課教師關(guān)注點(diǎn)是什么,應(yīng)該使學(xué)生會(huì)什么,教師必須心中有數(shù)。也就是說(shuō),教師只有對(duì)教學(xué)目標(biāo)非常清楚,才能在40分鐘內(nèi)產(chǎn)生最大效能,設(shè)計(jì)有效的活動(dòng),通過(guò)有效的輸入達(dá)到有效的輸出,確實(shí)讓學(xué)生能夠運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言做事情。
二、課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)和活動(dòng)安排
英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)要做到“有理、有序、有效”。有效的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)是有效教學(xué)實(shí)現(xiàn)的基本保證。既注重結(jié)果的同時(shí)更要注重過(guò)程。新課標(biāo)指出教師在教學(xué)過(guò)程中要與學(xué)生積極互動(dòng)、共同發(fā)展。教學(xué)過(guò)程就是一個(gè)教與學(xué)的過(guò)程,只有教與學(xué)相輔相成,才會(huì)相得益彰。所謂積極互動(dòng),就是一種“授”與“受”的默契,只有達(dá)成一種默契,“授”才是有效的,“受”才是有得的。而在不斷的互動(dòng)中,教師能及時(shí)了解學(xué)生的認(rèn)知狀況,捕捉學(xué)生的思維亮點(diǎn),從而啟發(fā)自身更深刻的思考,學(xué)生們?cè)谶@個(gè)過(guò)程中則可以主動(dòng)構(gòu)建新知、獲得新知,并形成獨(dú)立思考能力和獨(dú)特的個(gè)性。
Step 1: Lead in (4 minutes)
(1):Brainstorming. First students find more words to describe festivals they know.(Individual work)
(2):Students work in group of 4 and make a list of four Chinese festivals they know. Discuss when they take place and what people do at that time. Then fill in the table.(Group work)
Festival | Time or Date | What it celebrates | What people do |
Spring Festival | |||
…… | |||
Step 2: Pre-reading (3 minutes)
Task 1: Predicting
(1):Students try to predict the general idea of the passage according to the title and the pictures in it. (Individual work)
(2):Skipping (Individual work)
Students read the passage quickly and the teacher help them check their work.
【評(píng)析】跳讀、預(yù)測(cè)文章中心是高中學(xué)生必須掌握的一項(xiàng)基本技能,主要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生整體把握文章和理解語(yǔ)篇的能力。這更有利于更好地理解文章、把握作者的寫作意圖,為學(xué)生進(jìn)一步理解和分析這篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)做好前期準(zhǔn)備工作。兩個(gè)活動(dòng)都是以學(xué)生為主體,第二個(gè)活動(dòng)也體現(xiàn)了教師的組織者和引導(dǎo)者的作用。
Step 3: While reading(25 minutes)
Task 2: Skimming or Fast reading (Individual work)
Students read the text fast and identify the topic of each paragraph. Then fill in form. Finally help students to understand the organizing of the passage: Introduction --- Body --- Conclusion(總-分-總).
Title | Topics of the paragraphs | Organizing of the text andMain ideas |
Festivals and Celebrations |
Paragraph 1: | PartⅠ: |
Paragraph 2: | PartⅡ: | |
Paragraph 3: | ||
Paragraph 4: | ||
Paragraph 5: | ||
Paragraph 6: | PartⅢ: |
Task 3: Scanning or Careful reading (Group work)
Students scan the passage and fill the blanks based on it.
Paragraph 1 | Brief introduction |
Most festivals celebrate____ of cold weather, _____ in spring, and _____ in autumn; Festivals are _____,______, and ________ . |
Paragraph 2 | Festivals of the Dead | They are held to ___ the dead and satisfy ____, such as _____ in Japanand ______ in the western countries. People in _____ also celebrate the festival in November. |
Paragraph 3 | Festivals to Honour People | Festivals are held to honour ____, such as ______, _______, ________ . |
Paragraph 4 | Harvest Festivals | Harvest and _______ can be _______.People are grateful because ________ and _________. |
Paragraph 5 | Spring Festivals | Spring festivals are _______ that look forward to ______ and ______ , such as _____ in China, _____ in some Western countries, _____ for Christians and ________ in Japan |
Conclusion | Festivals help people _____ ,_______,______,_____. |
Task 4: Conclusion
(1):Although people have different festivals, most festivals have something in common, for these things might be important to people everywhere. Talk with partners and fill in the chart below. (Group work)
Common things | Reasons why they are important |
1 | |
2 | |
3 |
The passage brief introduces the earliest kinds of festivals with the reasons for them, and then four varieties of festivals in most parts of the world.
【評(píng)析】這一任務(wù)的設(shè)計(jì)本著有序變化和有機(jī)變化、動(dòng)態(tài)和靜態(tài)相結(jié)合的原則,交替安排學(xué)生參與的活動(dòng)和學(xué)生接受知識(shí)并思考的活動(dòng),更能提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的效率。
Task 5: Guessing words. (Pair work)
Students read the passage again and then guess the meanings of the words in bold according to the context.
starve, ancestor, in memory of, belief, dress up, arrival, gain, gather, award, admire, look forward to, custom.
【評(píng)析】學(xué)生通過(guò)雙人互動(dòng)活動(dòng),依據(jù)課文的語(yǔ)境來(lái)識(shí)別、理解、聯(lián)想和應(yīng)用新詞匯。詞匯的教學(xué)以真實(shí)或近乎真實(shí)的語(yǔ)言情景為背景,使學(xué)生通過(guò)情景掌握這些詞匯,切實(shí)提高學(xué)生實(shí)際運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。這一任務(wù)還有助于學(xué)生消除生詞障礙,為下面的精讀作鋪墊。
Task 6: Intensive reading.(Pair work)
(1):Help students to understand some difficult words ,phrases and sentences in the passage.
(2): Students read the passage again, and answer the questions in Exercise 2 on Page 3.
【評(píng)析】幫助學(xué)生分析文章中出現(xiàn)的難句、語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、短語(yǔ)等進(jìn)一步掃除閱讀障礙。接著學(xué)生默讀文章,進(jìn)行互問(wèn),有助于他們深層次地理解課文。教師在課堂教學(xué)中可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況鼓勵(lì)成績(jī)好的學(xué)生提出比較有深度的問(wèn)題。
Step 4: Post reading(7 minutes)
Task 7: Discussion
Discuss in group which festivals are the most important and which are the most fun.(Group work)
Type of festival | Example of festival | Reasons | |
Most important | |||
Most fun |
Each group sends a representative to report their opinions on “which festivals are the most important and which are the most fun?”
【評(píng)析】此兩項(xiàng)任務(wù)連貫性很強(qiáng),要求學(xué)生先小組討論得出結(jié)果,然后以大組為單位派出一個(gè)代表在班上作匯報(bào)。激發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)新知識(shí)、新內(nèi)容探求的欲望,促使其運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行交際,體現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言的生成性。
Step 5:Homework (1 minute)
Write an article about the most important festivals you like best. The passage should include date, origin, meaning, food and clothing, people, and activities.
【評(píng)析】學(xué)生通過(guò)自主性閱讀、討論等活動(dòng),對(duì)文章有了更深的理解,在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行書(shū)面表達(dá),學(xué)生言之有材;節(jié)日是學(xué)生都熟悉的話題,學(xué)生言之有物。這種安排使語(yǔ)言輸出和輸入有機(jī)結(jié)合起來(lái),讀寫能力協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,有利于提高學(xué)生綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。日常教學(xué)中教師要始終貫穿閱讀與寫作兩條主線,認(rèn)真探索,強(qiáng)勢(shì)推進(jìn)。
三、教學(xué)反思
縱觀本節(jié)課有以下幾大優(yōu)點(diǎn):第一、學(xué)生始終是教學(xué)活動(dòng)的主動(dòng)參與者、并整體參與,強(qiáng)調(diào)自主學(xué)習(xí)能力的培養(yǎng)。整節(jié)課每位學(xué)生都要勤于思考、搜集和處理信息。教學(xué)活動(dòng)為學(xué)生提供不同情境下構(gòu)建知識(shí)、運(yùn)用知識(shí)和表現(xiàn)自我的機(jī)會(huì);讓學(xué)生通過(guò)主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí),形成自我監(jiān)控、自我反思、自我評(píng)價(jià)和自我反饋的學(xué)習(xí)能力。教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生主動(dòng)探究和解決問(wèn)題,幫助學(xué)生形成自主學(xué)習(xí)的能力。第二、教學(xué)活動(dòng)多樣化,體現(xiàn)人文性。就內(nèi)容而言,有訓(xùn)練活動(dòng)、理解活動(dòng)、應(yīng)用活動(dòng)、反饋活動(dòng)等;就組織形式而言,有個(gè)體、對(duì)子、小組、大組活動(dòng);就學(xué)習(xí)方式而言,有自主學(xué)習(xí)、討論合作學(xué)習(xí)。教學(xué)活動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)充分考慮到學(xué)生的差異性,做到課上人人有事做,事事有成效。第三、教學(xué)步驟由淺入深,層層推進(jìn)。任務(wù)與任務(wù)間連貫,環(huán)環(huán)相扣。每個(gè)任務(wù)都做到由易到難,確保絕大多數(shù)學(xué)生能參與到活動(dòng)中來(lái)。第四、重視教學(xué)內(nèi)容的開(kāi)放性和語(yǔ)言的生成性。Lead in 、Post reading和Homework 的活動(dòng)緊密聯(lián)系生活實(shí)際,真實(shí)再現(xiàn)生活,同時(shí)學(xué)生還能體驗(yàn)和感受生活,并嘗試用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行交流。第五、注重教師的組織、引導(dǎo)和促進(jìn)作用。設(shè)計(jì)的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)都離不開(kāi)老師的組織和指導(dǎo)。教師整節(jié)課只是在組織和引導(dǎo)學(xué)生去思考、分析和發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題,幫助學(xué)生更好地完成任務(wù),促進(jìn)學(xué)生綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的提高。這樣就更能確保整堂課的教學(xué)過(guò)程和活動(dòng)有效性得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。
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