口譯學(xué)習(xí):漢譯英中翻譯復(fù)雜句子的方法
因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言文化的不同,一些復(fù)雜句子的翻譯給很多翻譯人員造成了困擾。下面是小編搜集整理的翻譯復(fù)雜的中文句子的方法,希望能幫到大家!
“每一個(gè)人,作為社會(huì)的一個(gè)成員,有權(quán)享受其人格和尊嚴(yán)的自由發(fā)展所必需的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化權(quán)利,這些權(quán)利是通過(guò)國(guó)家努力和國(guó)際合作來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的,并且與所在國(guó)家的組織、資源、現(xiàn)狀相一致。”
對(duì)于這種比較復(fù)雜的中文句子,在正式翻譯成英文句子之前,應(yīng)當(dāng)按照它的含義,將它劃分成不同的部分,以便我們確定英文句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。我首先將這個(gè)中文句子劃分成6個(gè)部分,請(qǐng)?zhí)貏e注意,第4部分嵌套在第3部分中間。
、倜恳粋(gè)人,②作為社會(huì)的一個(gè)成員,③有權(quán)享受 [④其人格和尊嚴(yán)的自由發(fā)展所必需的] 社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化權(quán)利,⑤這些權(quán)利是通過(guò)國(guó)家努力和國(guó)際合作來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的,⑥并且與所在國(guó)家的組織、資源、現(xiàn)狀相一致。
這樣劃分之后,我初步?jīng)Q定,將第4、5、6部分翻譯成三個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,用來(lái)修飾第3部分的最后一個(gè)單詞rights,請(qǐng)看:
、貳veryone
、赼s a member of society
③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights
、躻hich are necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity
⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation
、辸hich are concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.
不過(guò),在英語(yǔ)中,通常是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)名詞,很少有三個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)名詞,因此我臨時(shí)決定,將第4部分改寫成一個(gè)短語(yǔ),將第5、6部分合并成一個(gè)定語(yǔ)句子,請(qǐng)看:
①Everyone
、赼s a member of society
、踚s entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights
④necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity
、輜hich are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant withthe organization, resources and situation of each country.
最后,將這5個(gè)部分組合起來(lái),就是這個(gè)中文句子的英文譯文。
Everyone, as a member of society, is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rightsnecessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity, which arerealized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with theorganization, resources and situation of each country.
另外,LT論壇的`ptbptb網(wǎng)友另提供的一個(gè)版本如下:
Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled torealization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with theorganization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rightsindispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.
附: 做口譯筆記時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)
1.口譯筆記應(yīng)記要點(diǎn),切忌求記“全”。口譯筆記是記憶的延伸或補(bǔ)充,不應(yīng)也不必取代記憶?谧g筆記的主要內(nèi)容是概念、命題、名稱、數(shù)字、組織機(jī)構(gòu)和邏輯關(guān)系(如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果關(guān)系等),筆記單位以表達(dá)意群的詞語(yǔ)和符號(hào)為主。
2.口譯筆記求快求精,但不可潦草。
3.口譯筆記可使用來(lái)源語(yǔ),也可使用目標(biāo)語(yǔ),也可以雙語(yǔ)兼用。只要有利于口譯的準(zhǔn)確性和流利性,不必拘泥于某種文字或符號(hào)。例如,“聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)”可筆錄為“UN”或“聯(lián)大”。
4.口譯筆記使用大量常見(jiàn)略語(yǔ),例如:cf(compare), Co(company), eg(for example), etc(and soon), esp(especially), ie(that is), max(maximum), min(minimum), ref(reference), std(standard),usu(usually),等。
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