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考研英語(yǔ)寒假備考攻略
詞匯部分：
221.If you don’t mind , I________ listen to pop songs than to jazz.
A) would rather
B) would prefer
C) would like
D) feel like
222.I believe reserves of coal here are________ to last for fifty years.
A) efficient
B) sufficient
C) persistent
D) rich
223.It took him several months to________ the wild horse.
A) tend
B) cultivate
C) tame
D) breed
224.The twins are so much________ that it sis difficult to tell one from the other.
A) similar
B) same
C) like
D) alike
225.The photo________ happy memories of my early childhood.
A) refreshes
B) brings to mind
C) stimulates
D) reminds
226.I need a book dealing________ anti-pollution problems.
A) about
B) on
C) with
D) to
227.He has been asked to account________ his absence.
A) of
B) on
C) about
D) for
228.These are the first steps________ the abolition of nuclear weapons.
A) of
B) towards
C) into
D) during
229.The people who objected to the new approach were told that since work had already started there was no point in________ .
A) protesting
B) denying
C) upsetting
D) competing
230.There are many things whose misuse is dangerous, but it is hard to think of anything that can be compared________ tobacco products.
A) in
B) with
C) among
D) by
231.Grace________ tears when she heard that her husband had been injured in an accident.
A) broke in
B) broke off
C) broke into
D) broke out
232.She refused to________ the car keys to her husband until he had promised to wear his safety belt.
A) hand in
B) hand out
C) hand down
D) hand over
233.Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes________ to American audiences.
A) around
B) on
C) across
D) down
234.Jack is________ about his chances of winning a gold medal at the Olympics next year.
A) optimistic
B) optional
C) obvious
D) outstanding
235.Nowadays advertising costs are no longer in reasonable________ to the total cost of the product.
A) proportion
B) correlation
C) connection
D) correspondence
236.When she saw the clouds she went back to the house to________ her umbrella.
A) carry
B) fetch
C) bring
D) reach
237.We must________ that the experiment is controlled as rigidly as possible.
A) assure
B) secure
C) ensure
D) issue
238.He was knocked down by a car and badly________ .
A) injured
B) damaged
C) harmed
D) wounded
239.Tropical diseases are comparatively________ in Britain.
A) scarce
B) minor
C) slight
D) rare
240.You must obtain________ from the authorities to fish in this river.
A) permit
B) permission
C) right
D) freedom
語(yǔ)法部分：
111. It was just in the room _____ he was born _____ he died.
A. where, which B. that, that
C. where, that D. which, that
112. Was it five o’clock ______the fire broke out?
A. when B. that
C. which D. in which
113. “Was it under the tree _____ you were away talking to a friend?” “Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone.
A. that B. where
C. which D. while
114. It’s more than half a century _____ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.
A. when B. that
C. since D. while
115. It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan.
A. which B. as
C. that D. what
116. It is the protection for the trees _______ really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.
A. what B. that
C. 不填 D. which
117. It is _____ my father worked _____ I work now.
A. where, that B. where, when
C. that, where D. that, that
118. Was _____ that I saw last night at the concert?
A. it you B. not you
C. you D. that you
119. It was ten o’clock _____ he came back home.
A. when B. that
C. since D. after
120. It was not until he came back _____ he knew the police were looking for him.
A. which B. since
C. that D. before
答案：
詞匯部分
221.答案A.would/had rather do A(than do B)“寧愿……（而不愿）（如He would rather listen to others than talk himself;I’d rather have the red one than the green one;I’d rather deal with a man than with a woman;I’d rather you knew that now than afterwards;Rather than get money in such a dishonest way,he would beg in the streets.）（從以上各例句不難看出：than前后所比較的成分必須對(duì)等，可以是動(dòng)詞不定式、名詞或介詞短語(yǔ)）prefer vt.”更喜歡，寧愿“（句型：prefer A to B;prefer doing A to doing B;prefer to do A do B）would like”愿意，希望“（句型：would like sth/-ing/to-V/sb to-V）feel like sth/-ing“感到想”
222.答案B.sufficient(for/to-V) adj.“足夠的，充分的”efficient adj.“效率高的，有能力的”△persistent adj.（定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)）“持續(xù)的，頑強(qiáng)存在的；堅(jiān)持不懈的，執(zhí)意的”rich adj.“富有的，有錢的；富饒的，豐富的(in)；肥沃的”
223.答案C.tame vt.“馴服，制服”tend vt.“照管，照看，照料；護(hù)理”cultivate vt.“培養(yǎng)，陶冶（情操）；耕作，種植”breed vt.“飼養(yǎng)，繁殖”
224.答案D.alike adj.“同樣的，想象的”（只作表語(yǔ)）similar(to) adj.“類似，相似”same adj.“相同的，一樣的”（必須與定冠詞連用）like adj.（表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)）“相像的，相同的”
225.答案B.bring sth to mind“使回想起”（如The story you have just told brings to mind a strange thing that once happened to me.）refresh vt.“使精神振作，使精力恢復(fù)；使記起”（以人作主語(yǔ)，常說(shuō)refresh sb’s memory）stimulate vt.“刺激，激勵(lì)”remind vt.“使想起，提醒”（句型：remind sb of/about sth;remind sb to-V;remind sb that…;remind的主語(yǔ)可以是人或事物，但賓語(yǔ)必須是人）
226.答案C.deal with “論述，涉及；處理；與……打交道；和……做買賣”（后面不跟其它三個(gè)介詞）
227.答案D.account for“解釋，說(shuō)明（原因，錢是怎么花的）；是造成……的原因；占（多大比例）”（如He could’t account for his absence from school;He was unable to account for the deficit in the firm’s bank balance;Late frosts accounted for the poor fruit-crop;Women account for half of the population.）(后面不跟其他三個(gè)介詞)
228.答案B.a step towards“邁向……的一步”（后面一般不跟其它三個(gè)介詞）
229.答案A.protest (against) vin.“抗議，反對(duì)”（句型：to protest to sb against sth;to make/enter/lodge a protest against sth;in protest against“抗議”；without protest“乖乖地，毫無(wú)反對(duì)表示地”；do sth under protest“不情愿地”）deny vt.“否認(rèn)，不承認(rèn)；拒絕給予”upset vt.“打翻，弄翻；使心煩意亂，使苦惱”compete(with/against sb in sth for sth)vi.“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，比賽”
230.答案B.compare with“比較，對(duì)照；（能與……）相比較”（后面還可以跟to ,但不跟其它三個(gè)介詞）
231.答案C.break into “突然……起來(lái)”（break into tears/laughter/applause/cheers/blossom/song/open war）;“強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入，破門而入”（break into a house/a bank）;“打擾，打斷（講話）”（break into a discussion/a conversation）break in“闖入；插嘴”(單獨(dú)用，后面不跟賓語(yǔ))break off“中止，中斷；斷絕（關(guān)系）；停工休息”（單獨(dú)用或后面跟賓語(yǔ)）break out“爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生”
232.答案D.hand over “交出，移交”(hand sth over sb)hand in“交上，遞交”hand out“分發(fā)，散發(fā)”hand down“把……傳下去；把……傳下來(lái)”
233.答案C.get…across(to sb)“把……講清楚，讓聽(tīng)懂，使被了解”（如He got his meaning across;get across a theory to his students;The message got across all right.）get around“（消息）傳開(kāi)；四處走走；回避，繞過(guò)”；(get around to sth)“找時(shí)間做某事”get on to“接著干（下一件事，談下一個(gè)問(wèn)題）”get down to sth“開(kāi)始認(rèn)真干某事”
234.答案A.optimistic(about)adj.“樂(lè)觀的，樂(lè)觀主義的；令人樂(lè)觀的”（如He was optimistic about the future of mankind;There are optimistic signs for the company’s future.反義詞pessimistic“悲觀的”）optional adj.“可以任選的，非強(qiáng)制的”obvious adj.“顯然的，明顯的”outstanding adj.“突出的，杰出的，顯著的”
235.答案A.proportion n.“比例；部分，份兒；均衡，相稱”(be in proportion to“與……成比例；與……比較起來(lái)”，如payment in proportion to the work done,not in proportion to the time taken to do it;This door is narrow in proportion to its height;in the proportion with/to“與……不成比例”：The door is out of proportion with the windows;The price of the article is out of all proportion to its value.)○correlation n.“相互關(guān)系，伴隨關(guān)系；關(guān)聯(lián)（作用）”connection n.“關(guān)系，連接”（in connection with關(guān)于，有關(guān)，和……聯(lián)系起來(lái)）correspondence n.[u]“通信，通信聯(lián)系；相當(dāng)，相似處”( in correspondence with)
236.答案B.fetch vt.“去拿來(lái)；請(qǐng)來(lái)；接回”carry vt.“攜帶，運(yùn)載；傳送，輸送”bring vt.“拿來(lái)，帶來(lái)”reach vt.“抵達(dá)，到達(dá)；伸手（拿）
237.答案C.ensure vt.“保證，擔(dān)�！埃ň湫停篹nsure sb sth;ensure sth to sb”確保某人得到“；ensure sb against”使不受“；ensure-ing/that “保證”）assured vt.“向……保證，肯定地說(shuō)；使確信，使放心”（句型：assure sth;assure sb sth;assure sb of sth;assure sb that…）secure the door/locks;secure sb/a place against/from danger;后面不跟從句）issure v.“發(fā)行，頒布；出版；（使）流出，發(fā)出”（后面不跟從句）
238.答案A.injure vt.“傷害，損害，損傷”damage vt.（一般指對(duì)物體）“毀壞，損害”harm vt.“傷害，損害，危害”（可指對(duì)物體或人造成有形的或無(wú)形的、肉體的或精神上的、具體的或抽象的損害或傷害）wound vt.“使受傷，傷害”（注：injure一般指事故傷害；harm一般指有意的或無(wú)意的造成的有形的、精神的或抽象意義上的傷害；damage一般指人為ideas或自然所造成的損壞；wound一般指在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或斗毆中造成的槍傷或刀傷，也可指對(duì)某人造成精神、榮譽(yù)或情感上的傷害）
239.答案D.rare adj.“少有的，罕見(jiàn)的；稀有的，難得的；稀薄的，稀疏的“scare adj.“缺乏的，不足的；稀少的，不易找到的”minor adj.“較少的，較小的，較次要的”slight adj.“輕微的，微小的；纖細(xì)的，瘦弱的”
240.答案B.permission n.[u]“允許，許可，準(zhǔn)許”permit n.[c]“許可證，執(zhí)照”right n.“權(quán)利；正確，正當(dāng)”freedom n.[u]“自由”
語(yǔ)法部分
111. 答案：C
解析：全句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是 in this room，where he was born 為修飾 the room 的定語(yǔ)從句。
112. 答案：A
解析：容易誤選B，誤認(rèn)為這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。其實(shí)，此題應(yīng)選A，這不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。因?yàn)樵趶?qiáng)調(diào)句中，若去掉強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)詞 it is [was]…that…，句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整，但此句不是這樣，若去掉結(jié)構(gòu)詞，即為 Five o’clock the fire broke out，句子不完整，但若在five o’clock前加上介詞at則可以，因?yàn)?at five o’clock 用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。此題選A可分析為：it 表時(shí)間，when the fire broke out 為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，全句意為“火災(zāi)是5點(diǎn)鐘發(fā)生的嗎?”。
113. 答案：D
解析：此題很容易誤選A，認(rèn)為這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。其實(shí)此題應(yīng)選D。做好此題的關(guān)鍵是正確理解上下文的語(yǔ)境。在此句中，it 是代詞，指代 the bike，句意為：“當(dāng)你離開(kāi)去同朋友談話的時(shí)候，你的自行車是在這樹(shù)下嗎?”“當(dāng)然，但當(dāng)我回來(lái)時(shí)，自行車就不見(jiàn)了�！爆F(xiàn)在反過(guò)來(lái)分析一下，假若選A，將此句判為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，句子即為 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend? 若進(jìn)一步轉(zhuǎn)換為非強(qiáng)調(diào)句，句子則為 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend，句意顯然很荒唐。
114. 答案：C
解析：容易誤選B，認(rèn)為這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。假若選B，將此句分析為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，那么若將此句還原為非強(qiáng)調(diào)句就應(yīng)該是My grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people more than half a century. 很顯然, 句中的 more than half a century 是一段時(shí)間，然而它修飾的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞joined…became 卻是兩個(gè)終止性動(dòng)詞，這顯然不合適。其實(shí)，此題應(yīng)選C，屬于“It is＋一段時(shí)間＋since 從句”句型，句意為“我爺爺加入黨組織成為人民的公仆已有半個(gè)多世紀(jì)了”。此句的主句謂語(yǔ)也可以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)(has been)，但在口語(yǔ)中多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替。
115. 答案：C
解析：容易誤選A，受空格前逗號(hào)的影響，誤認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從而誤選了A。其實(shí)，此題最佳答案為C，整個(gè)句子為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 lack of money, not of effort。由于句中插入 not of effort 這一結(jié)構(gòu)，干擾了許多同學(xué)對(duì) it was lack of money that defeated their plan 這一強(qiáng)調(diào)句的認(rèn)識(shí)和理解。
116. 選B。為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，句意為“真正重要的在于保護(hù)樹(shù)，而不在于種多少樹(shù)”。
117. 選A，整個(gè)句子為 it was … that … 格式的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，即第二空要填that；第一空填where，where my father worked 為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分。句意為“我現(xiàn)在我父親曾經(jīng)工作過(guò)的地方工作”。
118. 選A，為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問(wèn)句形式，其相應(yīng)陳述句為 It was you that I saw …。
119. 選A。when 表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，句首的 it 表示時(shí)間，全句意為“當(dāng)他回到家時(shí)，時(shí)間是10點(diǎn)鐘�！�
120. 選C。為 He didn’t know the police were looking for him until he came back 之強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。注意，not … until … 的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式通常為 It was not until … that …
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