基礎階考研英語段長難句的常見問題
本文繼續(xù)給大家分享基礎階考研英語段長難句的常見問題,希望大家認真總結(jié):
1、Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in response to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status. 老師,麻煩您把"in response... status"這部分的結(jié)構給分析下吧,謝謝!
解析:children commit crimes in response to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status是從句,children是主語,commit賓語,in response to 狀語。
本句是賓語從句,難點在in response to后的翻譯,切分意群:Theories focusing on the role of society/ suggest /that children commit crimes /in response to their failure /to rise above their socioeconomic status.需要大家來意譯:
強調(diào)社會角色的理論認為,孩子們犯罪是他們自己沒有成功地超越現(xiàn)有的社會經(jīng)濟地位的(自發(fā)的,本能的)反應行為。
2、Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.
解析:首先我們來切分意群:Some philosophers argue / that rights exist only within a social contract, / as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.
然后我們在翻譯時要注意:
1)主干結(jié)構是主從復合句:Some philosophers argue that...
2)that引導的是賓語從句
3)as part of.。。是賓語從句中的rights的主語補足語。
同時我們學員在翻譯時要注意以下的詞匯:
argue 論證
a social contract 社會契約
as part of 作為(是)……的一部分
entitlements 利益,權利
綜合以上的'分析我們可以意譯:
有些哲學家論證說,權利只存在社會契約中,是責任與利益相交換的一部分。
3、It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all。
解析:首先我們來切分意群:It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: / it invites you to think /that animals should be treated / either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or /with no consideration at all。
然后我們翻譯時要注意以下幾個部分:
1) it invites you to think that…后面是賓語從句。
2) animals should be treated either with..., or with.。。要么……要么……,是表示選擇的方式狀語。
3)the consideration后面的humans extend to other humans是定語。
最后翻譯時要注意以下的詞匯:
leads ...to extremes 引向極端
at the outset 從一開始
invites you to think 使人們認為
consideration 關切,體諒
humans extend to other humans 人對待人
綜合以上的總結(jié)我們可以意譯:
這種說法從一開始就將討論引向兩個極端,它使人們認為應這樣對待動物:要么像對人類自身一樣關切體諒,要么完全冷漠無情。
以上便是給大家總結(jié)的最近學員反映的問題,總的來說我們考生在理解這些長難句時要注意以下幾個方面:首先,切分意群,其次,明白句子的大致結(jié)構,再次,注意短語及單詞在句子中的語境含義,最后要求大家根據(jù)各個意群的含義組合成通順的漢語意思。希望大家多練習,多總結(jié),祝愿各位快樂復習!
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