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考研英語完型填空試題及答案解析

時(shí)間:2024-10-22 09:09:25 煒玲 考研英語 我要投稿
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考研英語完型填空試題及答案解析

  在學(xué)習(xí)和工作的日常里,我們最不陌生的就是試題了,通過試題可以檢測(cè)參試者所掌握的知識(shí)和技能。那么你知道什么樣的試題才能有效幫助到我們嗎?下面是小編為大家整理的考研英語完型填空試題及答案解析,希望能夠幫助到大家。

考研英語完型填空試題及答案解析

  考研英語完型填空試題及答案解析 1

  Every human being has unique arrangement of skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the 1 of finger-prints and discovered that no 2 similar pattern is 3 from parents to children, 4 nobody knows why this is the 5 .

  The ridge 6 on a person finger doesnt change 7 growth and is not affected by 8 injuries. Burns, cuts and other damages to the 9 part of the skin will be replaced 10 by a new one which bears the reproduction of the 11 pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be 12 Some criminals make use of this to 13 their own finger-prints 14 this is a dangerous and rare step to 15 .

  Finger-prints can be made very easily with a printers ink. They can be recorded easily. With special method, 16 can be achieved successfully within a short time. 17 the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-print have often been used as a method of solving criminal cases. A 8 man may deny the charge but this may be 19 . His finger-prints can prove who he is even his 20 has been changed by age or accident.

  1. A. uselessnessB. quantityC. magnitudeD. uniqueness

  2. A. naturally B. exactlyC. especiallyD. particularly

  3. A. passed onB. passed awayC. passed outD. passed off

  4. A. ifB. whenC. thoughD. as

  5. A. reasonB. causeC. groundD. case

  6. A. constructionB. structureC. locationD. position

  7. A. withB. because ofC. untilD. under

  8. A. graveB. severeC. substantialD. superficial

  9. A. outsideB. outwardC. innerD. outer

  10. A. in timeB. on timeC. at timesD. behind time

  11. A. originalB. differentC. definiteD. customary

  12. A. restoredB. hurtC. destroyedD. restricted

  13. A. diminishB. disposeC. undermineD. remove

  14. A. andB. butC. whenD. if

  15. A. makeB. takeC. doD. adapt

  16. A. realizationB. detectionC. identificationD. investigation

  17. A. In spite ofB. Irrespective ofC. Because ofD. In case of

  18. A. suspectedB. doubtedC. distrustedD. doubtful

  19. A. out of caseB. in vainC. at randomD. in question

  20. A. lookB. expressionC. appearanceD. sight

  參考答案及解析:

  1. 【答案】D. uniqueness

  【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。uniqueness 獨(dú)一無二,獨(dú)特性,正合題意。magnitude 大小,數(shù)量;quantity 數(shù)量;uselessness 無用性;均與題意相悖,不能入選。

  2. 【答案】B. exactly

  【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。 exactly (= correctly; quite) 確切地,完全地:They are exactly alike. naturally 自然地;especially 和 particularly 尤其的,特別的;邏輯上均不符合題意,故不入選。

  3. 【答案】A. passed on

  【解析】本題測(cè)試慣用搭配。pass on (=convey to other)把..傳遞給另外的人:We should pass on the fine tradition of hard struggle from generation to generation. pass away 去世; pass out 失去知覺,昏倒; pass off 中止,停止。

  4. 【答案】 C. though

  【解析】本題測(cè)試邏輯搭配。though 盡管;與句意相符。

  5. 【答案】D. case

  【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。case 情況,情景:I afterwards heard that this was not the case. (我后來聽到,情況并非如此) If that is the case, I must as well try.(情況如果是這樣,我也應(yīng)該爭(zhēng)取)本句譯文:科學(xué)家和專家業(yè)已證明指紋的獨(dú)特性并發(fā)現(xiàn)由父母?jìng)鹘o子女的指紋沒有完完全全相似的,盡管沒有人知道為什么會(huì)這樣。

  6. 【答案】B. structure

  【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。structure (=way in which sth. is put together, organized, etc.)構(gòu)造,結(jié)構(gòu):the structure of the human body(人體構(gòu)造)。construction 建造,建設(shè);location 定位置;位置;position 1)位置:in position (在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?,out of position(不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?;2)地位,職位,工作。從上下文的意思來看,此處指一個(gè)人手指上脊的構(gòu)造,故選 structure.

  7. 【答案】A. with

  【解析】本題測(cè)試結(jié)構(gòu)搭配。with 在此處的含義是隨著。

  8. 【答案】D. superficial

  【解析】本題測(cè)試邏輯型詞義搭配。superficial 表層的,符合題題,可以入選。grave 需要認(rèn)真考慮的,嚴(yán)重的,嚴(yán)峻的;severe 嚴(yán)厲的.,嚴(yán)重的;substantial 實(shí)質(zhì)的;均不符合題意。

  9. 【答案】D. outer

  【解析】本題測(cè)試邏輯型詞義搭配。outer 外部的,外層的,其反義詞是 inner; outside 在外面的,其反義詞是 inside; outward 外面的,在外面的:the outward appearance of things(東西的外觀)

  10.【答案】A.in time

  【解析】本題測(cè)試慣用搭配。in time 此處意為后來漸漸,終于其他選擇均不符合題意。on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí);at times 有時(shí);behind time 晚點(diǎn)。

  11. 【答案】A. original

  【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。original 原來的,本來的。 bears reproduction 意為重新長(zhǎng)出。

  12. 【答案】C. destroyed

  【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。destroy 意為毀壞。hurt 傷害,不合題意。

  13.【答案】D. removed

  【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。removed vt.(=cause sth. to disappear, eliminate) 消除,去除;diminish vt./vi. 減少;dispose (of) 處理,處置;undermine vt. 破壞。remove 與題意相符。

  14. 【答案】 B. but

  【解析】本題測(cè)試邏輯搭配。從邏輯上講,本題需要一個(gè)對(duì)比連詞,故應(yīng)選 but(但是)

  15.【答案】B. take

  【解析】 本題測(cè)試慣用搭配。take a step 采取措施:That would be a rash step to take. (那會(huì)是冒失的措施。) make a step 走一步。

  16.【答案】C. identification

  【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。identification 鑒定;realization 認(rèn)識(shí)到,實(shí)現(xiàn),認(rèn)清;detection 覺察,發(fā)覺,偵察;investigation 偵察;

  17.【答案】C. Because of

  【解析】本題測(cè)試邏輯搭配。此處表示因果關(guān)系,故應(yīng)選 because of. in spite of 盡管;irrespective of 不顧的,不考慮的;irrespective of sex, age or education 無論性別,年齡,或教育程度;in case of 萬一:in case of fire 萬一發(fā)生火災(zāi)。

  18.【答案】A. suspected

  【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。suspect 嫌疑,猜疑。常指設(shè)想某人有欺詐,私通或犯罪的嫌疑;doubt 懷疑,意為對(duì)事情的真假,將來事情的成功與否的懷疑。distrust 不信任,懷疑;意指是否值得信任,與suspected 不同,故本題應(yīng)選 suspected.

  19. 【答案】B. in vain

  【解析】 本題測(cè)試慣用搭配。in vain(=without the desired result) 徒勞,白辛苦:1)He tried in vain to open the locked door.(作狀語)2)All our efforts were in vain.(作表語)

  in question 1)所談的:That is not the subject in question. (那不是我們所談的課題)

  2) 有問題:I know Bill would be a good captain for the team. That is not in question. But does he want to be captain? (我知道,比爾會(huì)成為好隊(duì)長(zhǎng)。那是不成問題的。但他想不想當(dāng)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)?)

  out of use 不再使用:This railway station is out of use. at random 任意的,隨意的。

  20. 【答案】C. appearance

  【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。appearance 外表,儀表;look 臉色,神態(tài);expression 表情,臉色,與look 同義;sight 視覺,視域;情景

  考研英語完型填空試題及答案解析 2

  Fluid intelligence is the type of intelligence that has to do with short-term memory and the ability to think quickly, logically, and abstractly in order to solve new problems. It1 in young adulthood, levels out for a period of time, and then2 starts to slowly decline as we age. But3 aging is inevitable, scientists are finding out that certain changes in brain function may not be.

  One study found that muscle loss and the4 of body fat around the abdomen are associated with a decline in fluid intelligence. This suggests the5 that lifestyle factors might help prevent or6 this type of decline.

  The researchers looked at data that7 measurements of lean muscle and abdominal fat from more than 4,000 middle-to-older-aged men and women and8 that data to reported changes in fluid intelligence over a six-year period. They found that middle-aged people9 higher measures of abdominal fat10 worse on measures of fluid intelligence as the years11.

  For women, the association may be12 to changes in immunity that resulted from excess abdominal fat; in men, the immune system did not appear to be13 . It is hoped that future studies could 14 these differences and perhaps lead to different15 for men and women.

  16 , there are steps you can17 to help reduce abdominal fat and maintain lean muscle mass as you age in order to protect both your physical and mental18 . The two highly recommended lifestyle approaches are maintaining or increasing your19 of aerobic exercise and following Mediterranean-style20 that is high in fiber and eliminates highly processed foods.

  1. [A] pauses [B] returns [C] peaks [D] fades

  2. [A] alternatively [B]formally [C]accidentally [D] generally

  3. [A] while [B] since [C] once [D] until

  4. [A] detection [B] accumulation [C] consumption [D] separation

  5. [A] possibility [B] decision [C] goal [D] requirement

  6. [A] delay [B] ensure [C] seek [D] utilize

  7. [A] modified [B] supported [C] included [D] predicted

  8. [A] devoted [B] compared [C] converted [D] applied

  9. [A] with [B] above [C] by [D] against

  10. [A] lived [B] managed [C] scored [D] played

  11. [A] ran out [B] set off [C] drew in [D] went by

  12. [A] superior [B] attributable [C] parallel [D] resistant

  13. [A] restored [B] isolated [C] involved [D] controlled

  14. [A] alter [B] spread [C] remove [D] explain

  15. [A] compensations [B] symptoms [C] demands [D] treatments

  16. [A] Likewise [B] Meanwhile [C] Therefore [D] Instead

  17. [A] change [B] watch [C] count [D] take

  18. [A] well-being [B] process [C] formation [D] coordination

  19. [A] level [B] love [C] knowledge [D] space

  20. [A] design [B] routine [C] diet [D] prescription

  1. 【答案】C(peaks)

  【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。and then提示順承,借助slowly decline(慢慢下降)可知,C項(xiàng)peaks(達(dá)到最高點(diǎn))符合原文邏輯關(guān)系,即流動(dòng)智力在成年早期達(dá)到峰值,之后很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間趨于穩(wěn)定,之后隨著年齡增長(zhǎng),慢慢下降。本題答案為C項(xiàng)。

  干擾選項(xiàng):A項(xiàng)pauses(暫停),B項(xiàng)returns(返回)和D項(xiàng)fades(逐漸消失),均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。

  2. 【答案】D(generally)

  【解析】語境題。比較各選項(xiàng)語義,A項(xiàng)

  alternatively(二者擇一地),B項(xiàng)formally(形式上地),C項(xiàng)accidentally(偶然地)和D項(xiàng)generally(通常),其中,D項(xiàng)generally(通常)最符合原文語義。本題答案為D項(xiàng)。

  3. 【答案】A(while)

  【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。觀察選項(xiàng)可知,本題考查句內(nèi)邏輯關(guān)系,比較aging is inevitable和scientists are finding out that … may not be可知,inevitable和may not be提示語義相反,即“衰老不可避免”,與“科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦功能的某些變化可能并非不可避免”二者語義相反。A項(xiàng)while(盡管)提示讓步,符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。本題答案為A項(xiàng)。

  干擾選項(xiàng):B項(xiàng)since(由于)提示因果關(guān)系,C項(xiàng)once(一旦)提示條件關(guān)系,D項(xiàng)until(到……為止)提示順承關(guān)系,均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。

  4. 【答案】B(accumulation)

  【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。and提示并列,muscle loss和the 4 of body fat around the abdomen(腹部脂肪的 4 )互相并列,借助muscle loss(肌肉流失)可知,B項(xiàng)accumulation(積累)符合原文邏輯關(guān)系,即,肌肉流失和腹部脂肪堆積。本題答案為B項(xiàng)。

  干擾選項(xiàng):A項(xiàng)detection(偵查),C項(xiàng)consumption(消耗)和D項(xiàng)separation(分離),均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。

  5. 【答案】A(possibility)

  【解析】語境題。This指代上句的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),本句繼續(xù)介紹研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。比較各選項(xiàng)語義,A項(xiàng)possibility(可能性),B項(xiàng)decision(決定),C項(xiàng)goal(目標(biāo))和D項(xiàng)requirement(要求),可知,A項(xiàng)possibility符合原文語義,即,這表明生活方式因素可能有助預(yù)防這種下降的可能性。本題答案為A項(xiàng)。

  6. 【答案】A(delay)

  【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。or提示并列,借助prevent(預(yù)防)可知,A項(xiàng)delay(延期)符合原文邏輯關(guān)系,即預(yù)防或延遲流動(dòng)智力下降。本題答案為A項(xiàng)。

  干擾選項(xiàng):B項(xiàng)ensure(保證),C項(xiàng)seek(尋求)和D項(xiàng)utilize(利用),均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。

  7. 【答案】C(included)

  【解析】語境題。本題考查連接data(數(shù)據(jù))和measurements(測(cè)量結(jié)果)的動(dòng)詞詞義。比較各選項(xiàng)語義,A項(xiàng)modified(修改),B項(xiàng)supported(支持),C項(xiàng)included(包括)和D項(xiàng)predicted(預(yù) 測(cè)),可知C項(xiàng)included符合原文語義,即研究人員查看了包括4,000多名中老年男性和女性瘦肌肉群和腹部脂肪測(cè)量結(jié)果的數(shù)據(jù)。本題答案為C項(xiàng)。

  8. 【答案】B(compared)

  【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。and提示并列,looked at data和 8 that data to reported changes互相并列,借助looked at(查看)可知,B項(xiàng)compared(比較)符合原文邏輯關(guān)系,且能與介詞to構(gòu)成固定搭配,compare … to…(將……與……相比)。本題答案為B項(xiàng)。

  干擾選項(xiàng):其余各項(xiàng)與介詞to構(gòu)成固定搭配,A項(xiàng)devoted … to…(把……用于),C項(xiàng)converted … to…(把……轉(zhuǎn)化為……),D項(xiàng)applied … to…(把……應(yīng)用于……),均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。

  9. 【答案】A(with)

  【解析】固定搭配題。觀察選項(xiàng)可知,本題考查介詞用法。比較各選項(xiàng),A項(xiàng)with(帶有……),B項(xiàng)above(在……上面),C項(xiàng)by(通過……)和D項(xiàng)against(與……相反),可知,A項(xiàng)with連接higher measures of abdominal fat,作后置定語修飾people,符合原文語義,即,有著更高腹部脂肪的中年人。本題答案為A項(xiàng)。

  10. 【答案】C(scored)

  【解析】語境題。比較各選項(xiàng)語義,A項(xiàng)lived(生活),B項(xiàng)managed(管理),C項(xiàng)scored(得分)和D項(xiàng)played(玩耍),可知,C項(xiàng)scored符合原文語義,即,他們發(fā)現(xiàn),有著更多腹部脂肪的中年人,在流動(dòng)智力方面得分較低。本題答案為C項(xiàng)。

  11. 【答案】D(went by)

  【解析】固定搭配題。借助as the years(隨著年歲……),并比較各選項(xiàng)語義,A項(xiàng)ran out(用完),B項(xiàng)set off(出發(fā)),C項(xiàng)drew in(引誘)和D項(xiàng)went by(時(shí)間逝去),可知,D項(xiàng)went by符合原文語義。本題答案為D項(xiàng)。

  12. 【答案】B(attributable)

  【解析】語境題。結(jié)合resulted from excess abdominal fat(腹部脂肪過多所致),并比較各選項(xiàng)與介詞to構(gòu)成的搭配,A項(xiàng)superior to(比……好的),B項(xiàng)attributable to(可歸因于……),C項(xiàng)parallel to(與……平行的)和D項(xiàng)resistant to(不受……損害的),可知,B項(xiàng)attributable符合原文語義,即,對(duì)于女性來說,這種關(guān)聯(lián)(腹部脂肪越高,流動(dòng)智力方面的得分越低)可能要?dú)w因于腹部脂肪過多所致的免疫力變化。本題答案為B項(xiàng)。

  13. 【答案】C(involved)

  【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。For women與in men提示對(duì)比關(guān)系,借助the association may be 12 to changes in immunity(這種關(guān)聯(lián)可能 12 免疫力變化)可知,C項(xiàng)involved(使成為必然部分,與be連用時(shí),可理解為“與……有關(guān)”)符合原文語義,即,對(duì)男性來說,(這種關(guān)聯(lián))似乎與免疫系統(tǒng)無關(guān);且符合原文邏輯。本題答案為C項(xiàng)。

  干擾選項(xiàng):A項(xiàng)restored(被恢復(fù)),B項(xiàng)isolated(被孤立)和D項(xiàng)controlled(被控制),均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。

  14. 【答案】D(explain)

  【解析】語境題。本題考查連接future studies和these differences的動(dòng)詞語義,而these differences是指上句中男性和女性的流動(dòng)智力得分,與腹部脂肪堆積所致的免疫力變化有關(guān)與無關(guān)的區(qū)別,F(xiàn)有研究只發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種區(qū)別,而背后的原因,只能寄希望于未來相關(guān)研究。D項(xiàng)explain(解釋)符合原文語義,即,希望未來研究能解釋這些區(qū)別。本題答案為D項(xiàng)。

  干擾選項(xiàng):A項(xiàng)alter(改變),B項(xiàng)spread(展開)和C項(xiàng)remove(去掉),均不符合原文語義。

  15. 【答案】D(treatments)

  【解析】語境題。借助lead to different 15 for men and women(促成針對(duì)女性和男性的不同 15 ),并結(jié)合these differences所指的.免疫力與流體智力間二者間的關(guān)聯(lián)在男性和女性中體現(xiàn)不同,可知,D項(xiàng)treatments(療法)符合原文語義,即,或許會(huì)促成針對(duì)女性和男性的不同療法。本題答案為D項(xiàng)。

  干擾選項(xiàng):A項(xiàng)compensations(補(bǔ)償),B項(xiàng)symptoms(癥狀)和C項(xiàng)demands(要求),均不符合原文語義。

  16. 【答案】B(Meanwhile)

  【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。觀察選項(xiàng)可知,本題考查句間邏輯關(guān)系。比較上句與本句發(fā)現(xiàn):從內(nèi)容上說,上句為對(duì)未來研究的期待,本句為目前可采取的措施(steps);從文章段落結(jié)構(gòu)來說,上段為研究結(jié)論,本段為研究帶來的啟示。前后兩句呈現(xiàn)研究的不同方面,體現(xiàn)對(duì)比關(guān)系。觀察選項(xiàng),B項(xiàng)Meanwhile(與此同時(shí))符合原文邏輯關(guān)系,即期待未來進(jìn)一步研究的同時(shí),目前也可以采取一些措施,二者方向不同,但可同時(shí)進(jìn)行。本題答案為B項(xiàng)。

  干擾選項(xiàng):A項(xiàng)Likewise(同樣地)提示并列關(guān)系,C項(xiàng)Therefore(因此)提示因果關(guān)系,D項(xiàng)Instead(相反地)提示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。

  17. 【答案】D(take)

  【解析】固定搭配題。take steps(采取措施)為固定搭配,且符合原文語義,即,您可以采取一些措施來幫助減少腹部脂肪并保持瘦肌肉群。本題答案為D項(xiàng)。

  干擾選項(xiàng):A項(xiàng)change(改變),B項(xiàng)watch(觀察)和C項(xiàng)count(數(shù)),均不能與steps構(gòu)成符合原文語義的固定搭配。

  18. 【答案】A(well-being)

  【解析】語境題。由protect both your physical and mental …(保護(hù)您身體和心理的……)可知,A項(xiàng)well-being(健康)符合原文語義,即,為了保護(hù)您的身心健康。本題答案為A項(xiàng)。

  干擾選項(xiàng):B項(xiàng)process(過程),C項(xiàng)formation(形成)和D項(xiàng)coordination(協(xié)調(diào)),均不符合原文語義。

  19. 【答案】A(level)

  【解析】語境題。結(jié)合aerobic exercise(有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)),并比較各選項(xiàng),A項(xiàng)level(水平),B項(xiàng)love(熱愛),C項(xiàng)knowledge(知識(shí))和D項(xiàng)space(空間),可知,A項(xiàng)符合原文語義,即,維持或提高有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)水平。本題答案為A項(xiàng)。

  20. 【答案】C(diet)

  【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。and提示并列,借助exercise(鍛煉),并結(jié)合空格后high in fiber(高纖維)和eliminates highly processed foods(去除高度加工的食品),可知,C項(xiàng)diet(日常飲食)符合原文邏輯,即,兩種強(qiáng)烈推薦的生活方式分別為:維持或提高有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)水平,以及遵循高纖維、去除高度加工食品的地中海式飲食習(xí)慣。本題答案為C項(xiàng)。

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