考研英語核心語法總結(jié)

　　考研英語復(fù)習(xí)時要注意總結(jié)，核心語法是關(guān)鍵，下面整理了一些考研英語的核心語法，希望對大家有所幫助！

　　一、非謂語動詞(V+ing, V+ed)

　　1、動名詞

　�。�1）作主語和賓語

　　[例句] Saying is easier than doing.

　　[譯文] 說比做容易。

　�。�2）作介詞賓語

　　[例句] We get pleasure from loving and being loved.

　　[譯文] 我們從愛別人和被別人愛中得到快樂。

　　2、分詞作定語

　�。�1）前置

　　[例句] The beginning student should be given more encouragement.

　　[譯文] 初學(xué)者應(yīng)多給予鼓勵。

　　[例句] A balanced diet provides nutrition for your body.

　　[譯文] 均衡的食物使你的身體獲得營養(yǎng)。

　　（2）后置

　　[例句] Those living on a mountain live off the mountain.

　　[譯文] 靠山吃山。

　　[例句] Children disciplined when they are young will become good citizen.

　　[譯文] 小時候受過良好教育的兒童長大會成為好公民。

　　3、分詞作狀語

　　[例句] Hearing the news, they immediately set offfor Shanghai.

　　[譯文] 聽到這個消息，他們立即出發(fā)到上海去了。

　　[例句] Seen from the pagoda, the south foot of the Purple Mountain is a sea of trees.

　　[譯文] 從這個塔上遠(yuǎn)眺，紫金山南麓是樹的海洋。

　　[例句] Printed white, the house looks bigger.

　　[譯文] 漆成白色后，這房子像是更大了。

　　[例句] Having written an important letter, I listened to the music for a while.

　　[譯文] 寫完一封重要的信之后，我聽了一會兒音樂。

　　4、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

　　[例句] Mary coming back, they discussed it together.

　　[例句] When mary came back, they discussed it together.

　　[譯文] 瑪麗回來后，他們一起討論了那件事。

　　[例句] Health and persistence given, one can dogreat things.

　　[例句] If health and persistence are given, one can dogreat things.

　　[譯文] 有健康的身體和頑強(qiáng)的'毅力的話，一個人才能做出偉大的事情。

　　[例句] The moon having risen, they took a walk inthe fields.

　　[例句] When the moon had risen, they took a walk inthe fields.

　　[譯文] 月亮升起后，他們在田野里散步。

　　[例句] So much time having been spent, the work isonly half done.

　　[例句] Though so much time has been spent, the work isonly half done.

　　[譯文] 雖然花了這么多時間，這項(xiàng)工作才做了一半。

　　二、定語從句

　　同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別

　　[例句] He has one sister who is working in the city.

　　[例句] He has one sister, who is working in the city.

　　[例句] The proposal that he put forward is to be discussed at the meeting.

　　[譯文] 他提出的建議將在會上討論。

　　[例句] The proposal that we should import more equipment from abroad is to be discussed atthe meeting.

　　[譯文] 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)從國外進(jìn)口更多設(shè)備這個建議將在會上討論。

　　[例句] Part of the fame of Allen’s book is itscontention that “Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him.”

　　[譯文] 愛倫的書之所以出名，部分原因是因?yàn)樗�辯論的觀點(diǎn)，即： “環(huán)境并未造就人，而是揭示了人的本性。

　　三、名詞性從句

　　[例句] He ate what he paid for.

　　[例句] He ate the food that he paid for.

　　[譯文] 他吃他買的東西。

　　[例句] The question is how we can get the loan.

　　[譯文] 問題是如何獲得貸款。

　　[例句] He told them who he was and what he haddone in the past.

　　[例句] In general, the tests work mosteffectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined andleast effectively when what is to be measured or predicted can be not well defined.

　　[譯文] 一般來說，當(dāng)所需測定的性質(zhì)能夠精確定義時，測試最為有效；而當(dāng)所需測定或預(yù)測的對象不能明確定義時，測試效果最差。

　　[例句] The Greeks assumed that the structure oflanguage had some connection with the process of thought, which took root inEurope long before people realized how diverse languages could be.

　　[譯文] 希臘人認(rèn)為本語言結(jié)構(gòu)與思維過程之間存在著某種聯(lián)系，這種觀點(diǎn)早在人們意識到語言的千差萬別之前就已經(jīng)在歐洲扎下了根。

　　[例句] A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2, depending on how many attempts are needed to getthe “right” answers.

　　[譯文] 在谷歌上進(jìn)行一次搜索便會產(chǎn)生0.2到7.0克的二氧化碳，具體數(shù)值取決于人們得到“正確”答案所需的查詢次數(shù)。

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