2017年公衛(wèi)執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師《醫(yī)學微生物學》習題（附答案）
醫(yī)學微生物學是公衛(wèi)執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師考試的科目之一，你知道醫(yī)學微生物學都考哪些知識嗎?下面是yjbys小編為大家?guī)淼尼t(yī)學微生物學的習題，歡迎閱讀。
B1.細菌的革蘭染色性主要決定于：( )
A.核質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu) B.細胞壁結(jié)構(gòu) C.細胞膜結(jié)構(gòu)
D.磷壁酸的有無 E.中介體的'有無
A2.溶原性細菌是指：( )
A.帶有前噬菌體基因組的細菌 B.帶有毒性噬菌體的細菌
C.帶有溫和噬菌體的細菌 D.帶有R質(zhì)粒的細菌
E.帶有F質(zhì)粒的細菌
C3.能引起內(nèi)毒素性休克的細菌成分是：( )
A.肽聚糖 B.磷壁酸 C.LPS D.菌體抗原 E.莢膜多糖
C4.關(guān)于頓挫感染，下列敘述中哪項正確?( )
A. 因宿主細胞內(nèi)有相應抑制物 B. 因宿主細胞DNA有關(guān)基因激活
C. 因宿主細胞缺乏有關(guān)酶 D. 因感染病毒有核酸缺失
E. 因感染病毒抗原性轉(zhuǎn)變
E5.細菌芽胞特有的、并與其高度耐熱性有關(guān)的成分是：( )
A.磷脂 B.肽聚糖 C.磷壁酸
D.二氨基庚二酸 E.吡啶二羧酸
B6.下列哪種實驗可用來檢測致癌物質(zhì)?( )
A.Ames test B.transformation test
C.fluctuation test D.replica plating test
E.Widal test
C7.殺滅包括芽胞的所有微生物的方法稱作： ( )
A.消毒 B.無菌 C.滅菌 D.滅活 E.防腐
B8. 下列無芽胞的細菌中，抵抗力最強的是: ( )
A. 乙型溶血性鏈球菌 B. 金黃色葡萄球菌 C. 淋病奈瑟菌
D. 肺炎球菌 E. 腦膜炎奈瑟菌
E9. 下列哪項不是病毒在細胞內(nèi)增殖的指標?( )
A. 細胞病變效應 B. 紅細胞吸附 C. 細胞代謝的改變
D. 干擾現(xiàn)象 E. 細胞培養(yǎng)液混濁
A10.霍亂弧菌能粘附定植于小腸粘膜上皮細胞是因為具有：( )
A.鞭毛 B.LTA C.菌毛 D.K抗原 E.Vi抗原
B11.對青霉素產(chǎn)生耐藥性的最常見的細菌是：( )
A.Streptococcus B.Staphylococcus C.Meningococcus
D.Gonococcus E.Pneumococcus
E12.分枝桿菌屬最突出的特點是：( )
A.胞壁含大量脂質(zhì) B.無特殊結(jié)構(gòu) C.呈分枝生長
D.一般不易著色 E.抗鹽酸乙醇脫色
C13. 下列哪種物質(zhì)與結(jié)核結(jié)節(jié)和干酪樣壞死有關(guān)?( )
A.分枝菌酸 B.蠟質(zhì)D C.磷脂
D.索狀因子 E.硫酸腦苷脂
B14.下列哪種細菌不會引起食物中毒：( )
A. 鼠傷寒沙門菌 B. 志賀菌 C. 蠟樣芽胞桿菌
D. 希氏沙門菌 E. 產(chǎn)腸毒素的金黃色葡萄球菌
D15.從有正常菌群存在的部位所采取的標本應接種在哪種培養(yǎng)基中分離培養(yǎng)病原菌? ( )
A.增菌培養(yǎng)基 B.營養(yǎng)培養(yǎng)基 C.選擇鑒別培養(yǎng)基
D.基礎培養(yǎng)基 E.特殊培養(yǎng)基
C16.衣原體與病毒的相同點是：( )
A.含有RNA和DNA B.有核糖體 C.嚴格細胞內(nèi)寄生
D.二分裂方式繁殖 E.對抗生素敏感
B17.新生隱球菌致病物質(zhì)主要是：( )
A.莢膜多糖 B.芽生孢子 C.細胞壁
D.假菌絲 E.侵襲性酶
A18.真菌的假菌絲是由哪種孢子延長而形成的? ( )
A.芽生孢子 B.大分生孢子 C.小分生孢子
D.關(guān)節(jié)孢子 E.厚膜孢子
D19.The main infection source of epidemic type B encephalitis virus is: ( )
A. patient B. health carrier C. young pig D. culicine(庫蚊) E. louse
C20.The main type of infection caused by Poliovirus is：( )
A.inappareent infection B.acute infection C.chronic infection
D.latent infection E.slow virus infection
A21.At an office visit, a 38-year-old man complains of jaundice黃疸, dark urine, anorexia厭食, abdominal pain, and malaise不適. Serologic tests are positive for both HBeAg and HBsAg. Which statement most accurately describes the virus responsible for these findings? ( )
A. Its genome is a messenger RNA (mRNA) that encodes a polyprotein.
B. Its genome is linear double-stranded DNA.
C. Its genome is RNA, but it replicates through a DNA intermediate.
D. Its replication requires a helper virus.
E. Its replication requires an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase.
C22. Which step in viral replication is inhibited by protease inhibitor? ( )
A. Penetration
B. Uncoating
C. Transcription
D. Replication
E. Viral assembly
A23. A 48-year-old man has been receiving blood products for hemophilia血友病 since childhood. He is now suffering from a low-grade fever, weight loss, thrush鵝口瘡, serious bouts of diarrhea, and symptoms of pneumonia. A deficiency in the production of which substance would be most pronounced in this patient? ( )
A. Complement components
B. Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
C. Interferon-alpha (IFN-α)
D. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)
E. Interleukin-1 (IL-1)
B24.A neonate is born with a small head, intracerebral calcification腦內(nèi)鈣化, rash, and swollen liver and spleen. Cells with a basophilic nuclear inclusion body are obtained from the patient’s urine, which condition describes the most prevalent consequenence of adult infection with this agent? ( )
A. Immunosuppression and susceptibility to opportunistic diseases
B. Mild arthritic condition with a fine lacy rash
C. Mononucleosis with production of antibody to sheep red blood cells
D. No serious, definable disease symptoms
E. Pharyngoconjunctivitis咽結(jié)膜炎
D25.A virus isolated from a patient with liver disease is detergent去污劑-sensitive, and its genome is infectious, Which virus do these findings describe? ( )
A. Echovirus
B. Hepatitis A virus
C. Hepatitis C virus
D. Hepatitis E virus
E. Papillomavirus
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