2017上半年翻譯資格考試沖刺練習(xí)題及答案
漢譯英 Passage 1
稀土是中國最豐富的戰(zhàn)略資源，截止2009年，中國稀土儲(chǔ)量達(dá)到3600萬噸，占到全球稀土儲(chǔ)量的'36.4%。同時(shí)中國也是全球最大的稀土生產(chǎn)國，2009年，中國稀土礦產(chǎn)量達(dá)到12.9萬噸，占到全球產(chǎn)量的97%，稀土資源的過度開發(fā)給中國稀土產(chǎn)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展帶來嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。
針對(duì)國內(nèi)稀土資源開發(fā)存在的問題，近年來，中國加大了對(duì)稀土資源開發(fā)政策調(diào)控的力度，實(shí)行指令性生產(chǎn)和出口配額制度。2010年，中國稀土開采總量控制指標(biāo)為89200噸，同比增長8.4%;稀土產(chǎn)品出口配額為3.03萬噸，同比下降39.5%。
2009年以來，中國稀土產(chǎn)品出口控制力度的加強(qiáng)，使全球稀土供給趨緊，由此拉動(dòng)全球稀土產(chǎn)品市場價(jià)格進(jìn)入一輪持續(xù)上升期。以金屬釹為例，截止2010年9月30日，上海金屬釹現(xiàn)貨市場價(jià)格達(dá)到316500元/噸，對(duì)比2008年12月份的97500元/噸增長224.6%。
【參考譯文】
Rare earth is the richest strategic resource of China. As of 2009， China’s reserves of rare earth have reached 36 million tons， representing 36.4% of the world’s total. China also boasts the largest rare earth output in the world， accounting for 129，000 tons or 97% of the world’s total output in 2009. The overexploitation of rare earth resources has posed a grave challenge to the sustainable development of China’s rare earth industry.
In response to the problem in the exploitation of rare earth resources， the Chinese Government has intensified the policy control in recent years， implementing a mandatory production and export quota system. The rare earth exploitation of China is capped at 89，200 tons in 2010， up 8.4% year-on-year， while the export quota stands at 30，300 tons， down 39.5% year-on-year.
Since 2009， China has strengthened its control over rare earth export， pushing up a new round of price hike of rare earth resource worldwide because of the shortage of supply. A case in point is neodymium， the spot market price of which in Shanghai reached RMB 316，500/ton as of September 30th， 2010， an increase of 224.6% compared with the RMB 97，500/ton in December 2008.
漢譯英 Passage 2
中國特色社會(huì)主義法律體系形成，總體解決了有法可依的問題。堅(jiān)持法律面前人人平等，保證有法必依、執(zhí)法必嚴(yán)、違法必究。完善中國特色社會(huì)主義法律體系，加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域立法，拓展人民有序參與立法途徑。推進(jìn)依法行政，切實(shí)做到嚴(yán)格規(guī)范公正文明執(zhí)法。進(jìn)一步深化司法體制改革，堅(jiān)持和完善中國特色社會(huì)主義司法制度，確保審判機(jī)關(guān)、檢察機(jī)關(guān)依法獨(dú)立公正行使審判權(quán)、檢察權(quán)。深入開展法制宣傳教育，弘揚(yáng)社會(huì)主義法治精神，樹立社會(huì)主義法治理念，增強(qiáng)全社會(huì)學(xué)法尊法守法用法意識(shí)。提高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部運(yùn)用法治思維和法治方式深化改革、推動(dòng)發(fā)展、化解矛盾、維護(hù)穩(wěn)定能力。黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民制定憲法和法律，黨必須在憲法和法律范圍內(nèi)活動(dòng)。任何組織或者個(gè)人都不得有超越憲法和法律的特權(quán)，絕不允許以言代法、以權(quán)壓法、徇私枉法。
【參考譯文】
Promote law-based governance of the country in an all-around way
The rule of law is the basic way for running the country. We should make laws in a scientific way， enforce them strictly， administer justice impartially， and ensure that everyone abides by the law. We must make sure that all are equal before the law and that laws are observed and strictly enforced and lawbreakers are prosecuted. We should improve the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics， strengthen legislation in key areas， and expand channels for people's orderly participation in the legislative process. We should exercise government administration in accordance with the law and ensure that law enforcement is conducted in a strict， fair， and civilized way according to due procedures. We should continue to deepen reform of the judicial structure， uphold and improve the socialist judicial system with Chinese characteristics， and ensure that judicial and procuratorial bodies independently and impartially exercise their respective powers pursuant to law. We should carry out intensive publicity and education about the law， foster socialist spirit of the rule of law， and adopt the socialist concept of law-based governance. We should enhance the whole society's awareness of the need to study， respect， observe， and apply the law. We should ensure that leading officials are guided by law in both thinking and action in their effort to deepen reform， promote development， solve problems， and maintain stability. As the Constitution and laws are adopted by the Party and the people under its leadership， the Party must act within the scope prescribed by the Constitution and laws. No organization or individual has the privilege of overstepping the Constitution and laws， and no one in a position of power is allowed in any way to take one's own words as the law， place one's own authority above the law or abuse the law.
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