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2017上半年CATTI二級(jí)筆譯考試練習(xí)題及答案
中國(guó)的政府在宣布實(shí)行和平統(tǒng)一的方針時(shí)，是基于一個(gè)前提，即當(dāng)時(shí)的臺(tái)灣當(dāng)局堅(jiān)持世界上只有一個(gè)中國(guó)，臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)的一部分。同時(shí)，中國(guó)的政府考慮到美國(guó)政府承認(rèn)了世界上只有一個(gè)中國(guó)，臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)的一部分，中華人民共和國(guó)政府是中國(guó)的唯一合法政府。中國(guó)的政府在實(shí)行和平統(tǒng)一方針的同時(shí)始終表明，以任何方式解決了臺(tái)灣的問(wèn)題是中國(guó)的內(nèi)政，并無(wú)義務(wù)承諾放棄使用武力。
The Chinese proclaimed to implement the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China. Meanwhile, the Chinese government took into consideration the fact that the US government acknowledged that there is only one China in the world, Taiwan is one part of China and the Government of People’s Republic of China is the sole legitimate government of China.
Adopting the policy of peaceful reunification, the Chinese government always makes it clear that it is China’s internal affair to resolve the Taiwan issue by any means and China is under no obligation to undertake to renounce the use of force.
分析：
�、� 中國(guó)的政府在宣布宣 實(shí)行和平統(tǒng)一和平統(tǒng) 的方針?lè)?時(shí)，是基于一個(gè)前提基于一個(gè)前 ，即當(dāng)時(shí)的當(dāng)時(shí) 臺(tái)灣當(dāng)局堅(jiān)持當(dāng)局堅(jiān) 世界上只有一個(gè)中國(guó)，臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)的一部分。
▲ The Chinese proclaimed/declared to adopt/implement the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China.
▲ The declaration by the Chinese government to implement the policy of peaceful reunification was based on the prerequisite that the then Taiwan authorities insisted that there is only one China in the world and that Taiwan is a part of China.
政府在“宣布”時(shí)宜使用較正式的詞語(yǔ)，比如 maintain，declare，state，affirm，avow，assert，attest，aver 等，比 announce，believe 等單詞更為合適。
轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：動(dòng)詞 → 名詞 宣布 →declaration
“前提”的翻譯：“基于一個(gè)……的前提”是翻譯中的常見(jiàn)句型，考生可以根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要，選取以下表達(dá)：
on the premise / ground that，based on the prerequisite / proposition / hypothesis / assumption /presupposition 等
“當(dāng)時(shí)的”的翻譯：在外交的翻譯中，經(jīng)常要遇到“當(dāng)時(shí)的”翻譯，請(qǐng)考生使用 the then+noun 的表達(dá)方法。如：當(dāng)時(shí)的政府 →the then government
褒貶譯法：堅(jiān)持 →insist (褒義譯法)
→persist (貶義譯法)
其他表“堅(jiān)持”的短語(yǔ)還有：persist in that / insist on that / maintain / adhere to that / stick to that /
uphold that
實(shí)行：
scheme → put into practice
policy → implement / exert
② 同時(shí)，中國(guó)的政府考慮到考慮美國(guó)政府承認(rèn)承了世界上只有一個(gè)中國(guó)，臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)的一部分，中華人民共和國(guó)政府是中國(guó)的唯一合法合政府。
▲ Meanwhile, the Chinese government took into account/consideration the fact that the US government acknowledged / recognized that there is only one China in the world, (that) Taiwan is one part of China and (that) the Government of People’s Republic of China is the sole legitimate government of China.
考慮：take into consideration the fact that
唯一：sole (adv.)
合法：legitimate 能夠行使法律主體
�、� 中國(guó)的政府在實(shí)行和平統(tǒng)一統(tǒng) 方針的同時(shí)始終表明表 ，以任何方式 解決了臺(tái)灣的問(wèn)題是中國(guó)的內(nèi)政內(nèi) ，并無(wú)義務(wù)無(wú)義 承諾放棄使用武力武 。
▲ Adopting the policy of peaceful reunification, the Chinese government always makes it clear that it is China’s internal affair to resolve the Taiwan issue by any means and China is under no obligation to undertake to renounce the use of force.
轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：動(dòng)詞 → 介詞 無(wú)義務(wù) →under no obligation
表明：make sth. clear / declare / specify
內(nèi)政：internal affair
By the middle of this century, some two thirds of the world’s nation, with at least five billion people, will enjoy a standard of living, which only the advanced economies now have. Some three billion of these
people will live in Asia. Collectively, the Asian Countries will have a larger economy than the rest of the world put together.
The rest of the world will have to react to this millennial economic shift to Asia, and to the rising power of
China. The rest of the world will be divided between the Euro-American countries, and the two big peripheral powers, Japan and Russia. Russia is a huge geographical country, with well educated people, and will eventually recover.
In terms of nations, it will be a world of much greater economic equality. Although there will still be poor
countries, most will be quite rich. Inside these nations there will be mass prosperity, but with a large minority in serious poverty, and a small number who are very rich.
到本世紀(jì)中葉，世界上約三分之二的國(guó)家，至少 50 億人口，將會(huì)過(guò)上當(dāng)今只有發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體才享有的生活。其中約 30 億人口居住 / 生活在亞洲。亞洲國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)總量，將超過(guò)其他國(guó)家地區(qū)(經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模)的總和。
其他國(guó)家將不得不面對(duì)新千年吹向亞洲的經(jīng)濟(jì)東風(fēng)和中華民族的迅速崛起。它們被劃分為歐美國(guó)家及兩大邊緣勢(shì)力國(guó)家，日本和俄羅斯。俄羅斯人杰地廣，全面復(fù)蘇只是時(shí)間問(wèn)題。
就(每個(gè))國(guó)家而言，這個(gè)世界將成為一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)更趨均衡化的世界。盡管貧窮的國(guó)家還將繼續(xù)存在，但大多數(shù)國(guó)家將會(huì)變得富足。這些國(guó)家雖然呈現(xiàn)出欣欣向榮的態(tài)勢(shì)，但是其中還有許多極端貧窮的弱勢(shì)人群，還有少量富有人群。
分析：
�、� By the middle of this century, some two thirds of the world’s nation, with at least five billion people,will enjoy a standard of living, (which only the advanced economies now have).
▲ 到本世紀(jì)中葉中 ，世界上約三分之二的國(guó)家，至少 50 億人口，將會(huì)過(guò)上當(dāng)今只有發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體才享有的生活。
▲ 到本世紀(jì)中葉，世界上約三分之二的國(guó)家，至少 50 億人口，將享受到目前只有經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家才享有的生活水準(zhǔn)。
some 在這里表示“大約”，與數(shù)字連用。如： He spent some twenty of his life in Africa.
定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯：前置法：盡管這句定語(yǔ)從句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，但意思較簡(jiǎn)單，因此前置。
② Some three billion of these people will live in Asia.
▲ 其中約 30 億人口居住 / 生活在亞洲。
③ Collectively, the Asian Countries will have a larger economy than the rest of the world put together.
▲ 亞洲國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)總量，將超過(guò)其他國(guó)家地區(qū)(經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模)的總和。
轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：副詞 → 形容詞 collectively→ 整體的collectively 本為副詞，表示“集中起來(lái)”，如在一開(kāi)始翻譯，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生無(wú)主句，令人匪夷所思。如翻譯成“亞洲國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模集中起來(lái)”，也不是最佳。因此翻譯成“亞洲國(guó)家的整體經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)�！�，把collectively 處理成“整體的”。
具體譯法：加字法： economy→ 經(jīng)濟(jì)體;經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模
考生在翻譯 economic 這個(gè)單詞時(shí)，應(yīng)注意其經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)具體譯法而不解釋為“經(jīng)濟(jì)”，可能會(huì)解釋為“經(jīng)濟(jì)制度 / 現(xiàn)象 / 體 / 規(guī)�！� 等等，總之考生應(yīng)看清 economy 在語(yǔ)境中的含義，翻譯成“經(jīng)濟(jì)××u8221X
增詞譯法：整句在 than 之后其實(shí)省略了 the economy of ，在翻譯中應(yīng)補(bǔ)全。
換序譯法：collectively 置于 the Asian Countries 后翻譯
�、� The rest of the world will have to react to this millennial economic shift to Asia, and to the rising power of China.
▲ 其他國(guó)家將不得不面對(duì)新千年吹向亞洲的經(jīng)濟(jì)東風(fēng)和中華民族的迅速崛起。
▲ 在新千年，經(jīng)濟(jì)重心將向亞洲轉(zhuǎn)移，中國(guó)的力量將日益強(qiáng)大，世界其他地區(qū)將不得不對(duì)此做出反應(yīng)。
意譯： react to→ 面對(duì) economic shift→ 經(jīng)濟(jì)東風(fēng)
換序譯法：由于 react to 后的賓語(yǔ)偏長(zhǎng)，因此可先翻譯賓語(yǔ)的情況，再翻譯主謂。
�、� The rest of the world will be divided between the Euro-American countries, and the two big peripheral powers, Japan and Russia.
▲ 它們被劃分為歐美國(guó)家及兩大邊緣勢(shì)力國(guó)家，日本和俄羅斯。
省詞譯法：前句 the rest of the world 已經(jīng)交待過(guò)，且主語(yǔ)相同，這里用“代詞”簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)即可。
意譯： peripheral powers→ 邊緣勢(shì)力國(guó)家;外圍大國(guó)
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