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翻譯考試中級口譯模擬真題答案
口譯模擬考試通常包括聽力理解和口譯練習(xí)，通過模擬真實(shí)的考試環(huán)境，幫助考生提高應(yīng)試技巧和口譯能力。以下是小編收集整理的翻譯考試中級口譯模擬真題答案，希望對大家有所幫助。
翻譯考試中級口譯模擬真題答案 1
SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST
Part A: Spot Dictation
【答案】
1. popularity 11. press buttons
2. simply to reduce 12. The Amount to be Withdrawn
3. suspect 13. verify
4. round-the-clock 14. work on the request
5. plastic card 15. personal ID number
6. offer ATM service 16. without authorization
7. transaction 17. ask you to try again
8. machines keypad 18. keep the card
9. four or six digits 19. card theft
10. display screen 20. in a single day
Part B: Listening Comprehension
1. Statements
1.
【原文】Up to now, none of the candidates who applied for the position has the required credentials. Wed better let our ad in the Help-Wanted Section run for more weeks.
【預(yù)測】劃出每個選項的關(guān)鍵詞：A)not one qualified; B)nobody applied; C)only one applied; D)interviewed nine,顯然話題是應(yīng)聘、面試。B)、C)項矛盾，可能有一個成立。A)中的qualified應(yīng)該是關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)，此選項的內(nèi)容在深度上高于其他3個注重數(shù)字的選項。
【解析】答案為A)。聽力的重點(diǎn)在前半句：none of the candidates who applied說明B)、C)錯。D)中的nine是對none的混淆，也不對。none...has required credentials與A)中的not qualified相符合。
【注釋】credentials：證件，關(guān)于某人可以相信、信任或具有權(quán)力的證件或證明書。Help-Wanted Section：(報紙上的)求助、招聘版。run an ad：做廣告。
2.
【原文】Originally Florence was only asked to make some introductory remarks, but she ended up giving a speech herself when the speaker came down with the flu.
【預(yù)測】劃出每個選項的關(guān)鍵詞，判斷話題顯然是speech，并涉及到introduce remarks(介紹辭)，選項中有一個混淆點(diǎn)：是Florence還是speaker作了演講?聽時特別注意判斷這個問題。
【解析】答案為B)。前半句講的是originally(原本的)情況：Florence致介紹辭，后半句的but轉(zhuǎn)折必然是重點(diǎn)：end up giving a speech(最終作了演講)，原因是speaker came down with flu(得了流感病倒了)。句子提供的信息與B)相符。
【注釋】end up doing sth：以(沒有預(yù)期到的結(jié)果)告終。come down with (disease)：病倒了。
3.
【原文】You know what? Ive got to finish that evaluation report for the board meeting next week. A 10-page report within the week! There goes my social life this weekend.
【預(yù)測】讀題劃關(guān)鍵詞，每個選項均有一個不同的動賓詞組：finish report; hate to join social activities; work extra time; not attend board meeting。聽力時判斷整句的主題最為重要。
【解析】答案為C)。此題的干擾項中出現(xiàn)原句中的不少關(guān)鍵詞匯，但正確的選項卻是根據(jù)說話者的語氣推理出來的：前兩句說到report的長度和時限，后半句說道：周末的社交生活又泡湯了!由此可推出work extra time這個信息，故選C)。
【注釋】There goes...：losing sth/opportunity/money as a result of sth that has just happened。例如：There go our chances of winning the championship!贏得冠軍的機(jī)會又泡湯了!
4.
【原文】The director is kind of busy now and has no time to read over your proposal. How about dropping in tomorrow morning to see if I have something definite?
【預(yù)測】四個選項中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞頻率最高的是：director, proposal，四個選項似乎牽涉到三個主題，聽時注意主語和動詞的判斷，以確定主題。
【解析】答案為A)。答案根據(jù)前半句判斷，它所表達(dá)的意思即：主管太忙了沒時間讀一遍你的計劃，read over和A)中的attend to(關(guān)注)信息相符。后半句給出一個建議：明天再來看看有什么確切的消息(something definite)。顯然講話者是主管的助手或秘書。此題的干擾項B)中的錯誤在于help you read一詞，不合邏輯。
【注釋】proposal：提議，建議。kind of busy：有點(diǎn)忙，口語中常用到kind of, 表示有一點(diǎn)。
5.
【原文】We dont have enough information for our financial plan, but it is due tomorrow. So Im afraid well just have to make do with what we have got..
【預(yù)測】讀題劃關(guān)鍵詞，發(fā)現(xiàn)B)、C)、D)均牽涉到時間狀語的辨析，而A)中的ask for more time 也與時間有關(guān)，聽時關(guān)注原句中的時間信息。
【解析】答案為D)。原句中與時間相關(guān)的信息：it is due tomorrow，并且整句并未提到要求延期的信息，later than expected及ask for more time均可排除。所以選D)。
【注釋】have do with sth：將就著用，湊和著用。例：I havent got any cream, so we will have to make do with milk.
6.
【原文】Americans use a variety of strategies to avoid silence. They keep on talking, especially during business negotiations. Because they think that silence makes a bad impression.
【預(yù)測】劃出每個選項的關(guān)鍵詞，A)核心詞：talk too much，bad impression;B)核心詞：silence, uncomfortable;C)核心詞：keep silent, employ strategy;D)核心詞：aggressive。四個選項均與Americans在business negotiation方面的行為/態(tài)度相關(guān)。
【解析】答案為B)。前半句清楚地指出：Americans avoid silence，選項A)、C)可以排除。后半句的keep on talking和silence makes a bad impression均進(jìn)一步指出美國人在談生意時的態(tài)度，但沒有達(dá)到D)中aggressive(好爭吵的、有決心成功的)那樣的程度。故選A)。
【注釋】a variety of strategies：各種策略。employ：動詞，正式用法，使用。例：He employs a special teaching method in the classroom.
7.
【原文】We have enjoyed a relationship with China for more than half a century. But I do not believe there has ever been a more exciting time to do business here.
【預(yù)測】四個選項的信息量很大，快速瀏覽，發(fā)現(xiàn)A)、C)、D)三個選項中均有表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折的詞：though;despite, 而B)則是虛擬語氣：could have done more business, 所以在聽原句時關(guān)注語氣：是虛擬還是轉(zhuǎn)折?判斷語氣后，若能排除虛擬，再根據(jù)A)、C)、D)中的關(guān)鍵詞：best time; unable to start business; need to find a better time來確定答案。
【解析】答案為A)。這題較難，是一道推理題。聽到But時，確定轉(zhuǎn)折語氣，按聽力的原則，but帶出的句子往往是考點(diǎn)所在：我覺得之前在這里沒有更好的做生意的時機(jī)。暗示的意思就是：現(xiàn)在是最佳時機(jī)。
【注釋】I do not believe there has ever been a more exciting time to do business here.=I believe there has never been a more exciting time to do business here。
8.
【原文】Ive already mentioned to the director about the signing of the agreement three times this month. Each time he said he was ready, but nothing happens.
【預(yù)測】每個選項的動詞不同而主語和賓語相同：A)already sign; B)read 3 times; C)cant sign; D)not ready to sign。聽時尤其注意動詞的辨析。
【解析】答案為D)。此題也是一道推理題。整個句子描述了一個情節(jié)：mention the signing of agreement?said he was ready?nothing happens。也就是說，說好簽卻沒有簽。
【注釋】略。
9.
【原文】We are a new and growing firm in the area. And were willing to do our best to attract customers away from our competitors with more favorable terms.
【預(yù)測】四個選項均是因果關(guān)系。劃出關(guān)鍵詞：A)not compete, since just started; B)want more customers, so make more offers; C)unable to provide best service, because no competitive advantage; D)merge competitors, as growing。
【解析】答案為B)。句子的后半句是理解關(guān)鍵：attract customers away from our competitors (把顧客從競爭對手那里吸引過來)，憑什么條件?more favorable terms(更加優(yōu)惠的條件)。
【注釋】terms pl)條件，例如：We are trying to negotiate the loan on favorable terms.(我們正在協(xié)商，力爭以更優(yōu)惠的條件獲取貸款)。 merge our competitors：合并我們的競爭者。
10.
【原文】Compared to a meat-centered diet, meatless meals can easily supply all the essential nutrients our body requires, and cost only 20 to 30% as much.
【預(yù)測】劃出關(guān)鍵詞，按常識可以排除B)。判斷句子的主題是有肉/無肉的飲食對身體是否有益。
【解析】答案為C)。理解的重點(diǎn)在后半句：supply all the essential nutrients，與C)中的equally nutritious相符;cost only 20% to 30% as much與less expensive相符。
【注釋】meat-centered diet：以肉為中心的飲食。essential nutrients：必要的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。(補(bǔ)充：素食者：vegetarian;veggie(口語))。
2. Talks and Conversations
Questions 11-14
【原文】
M: By the way, Christina, when is Nancy going to leave for New York?
W: She is already gone. She left last Friday.
M: The office wont seem the same without her. But we certainly gave her a great farewell party.
W: Yes, but was it really a surprise?
M: Well, I think so. Didnt you ask everyone not to say anything about the party?
W: Of course I did. But I think somebody gave the surprise away.
M: Who would do anything like that?
W: Mrs. Sampson might. You know she cant keep a secret. And she and Nancy are such good friends.
M: Didnt you warn her to be careful about what she said?
W: I told her not to say a word.
M: Well, surprise or not, Im sure Nancy had a good time. She was smiling and laughing all evening.
W: And crying a little too. She asked everyone to come and visit her in New York.
M: And everyone was asking her to write or to call, or best of all, to come back.
W: Were all going to miss her. Just about everybody in the office working for Nancy in the correspondence section.
M: Yes, and she is a true friend and always tries to help everyone.
W: It wont be too long before I see her again. Im going to New York next month. And she invited me to stay with her.
M: Thatll be wonderful. Anyway, shes still working with the same company. So Im sure well get to talk to each other on the phone pretty often.
【大意】 這個對話發(fā)生在兩個同事之間。辦公室的一個同事Nancy走了，他們都覺得Nancy是一個很不錯的人，在她走之前同事們還給她舉行了歡送派對，不過有人事先走漏了風(fēng)聲，把這個"驚喜"事先告訴了她。Nancy將去紐約工作，還在同一家公司，所以他們?nèi)阅鼙３致?lián)系。女士還準(zhǔn)備了下個月去紐約看她。
【解析】
11. What happened to Nancy?
答案為C)。推理題。對話開頭提到：when is Nancy going to leave for New York?說她要走，但沒有講原因。到對話結(jié)尾處提到：shes still working with the same company.點(diǎn)出了她其實(shí)是transfer(調(diào)走)了。
12. What did her colleagues do for her?
答案為B)。細(xì)節(jié)題。對話開頭即提到we certainly gave her a great farewell party。
13. Which of the following is not true about Mrs. Sampson?
答案為A)。細(xì)節(jié)題。出處為W: Mrs. Sampson might. You know she cant keep a secret. And she and Nancy are such good friends. M: Didnt you warn her to be careful about what she said? W: I told her not to say a word. 聽到這部分對話時可以在B)、C)、D)旁打勾。而聽到對話結(jié)尾時也不應(yīng)忽略女士所說的Im going to New York next month. And she invited me to stay with her，應(yīng)在A)旁做好相應(yīng)的筆記，這樣才能確保答題時萬無一失。
14. According to the conversation, who is going to New York the following month?
答案為D)。細(xì)節(jié)題。女士在結(jié)尾說Im going to New York next month. And she invited me to stay with her.而在對話開頭寒暄時，男士稱女士為Christina。故選D)。
Questions 15-18
【原文】
American businessmen frequently use social situations to make business deals. One of the best examples of this practice is the business lunch. Therefore, knowing how to conduct yourself at business lunch is often just as important as the business discussion.
For formal business lunches, it is wise to phone at least 1 day ahead to reserve a table. After you have been seated and given a menu, your waiter will come and ask if you would like to order anything to drink. Nowadays, it is quite acceptable to order a mineral water, a soda, or fruit juice, apart from wine or a mixed drink. After he has taken your beverage order, your waiter will leave you to make your food selection from the menu you have been given. It is the hosts responsibility to discover whether or not his guests have any special dietary restrictions. If, however, a host does not do that, a guest should not announce his dietary practices to everyone at the table. Instead, he should discreetly ask the waiter about the ingredients of any dish in question. He should also have in mind a second dish he might order, just in case. Usually, the host will allow his guests to order first. Occasionally, a host may collect orders ahead of time and place them himself.
Napkins should be placed on your lap, and used periodically to wipe the corners of your mouth, especially when you are eating soup, salad with dressing, or an entrée in a sauce. When you finish the meal, the napkin is then placed on the table beside the plate.
【大意】商業(yè)午餐是美國商人用來談生意的重要手段之一。本文介紹了美國商業(yè)午餐的習(xí)俗，比如該如何點(diǎn)飲料，如何點(diǎn)主菜，作為主人和客人分別應(yīng)怎樣做才算禮貌。文末還具體的講述了餐巾的使用方法。
【解析】
15. Which of the following is recommended for a formal business lunch?
答案為B)。細(xì)節(jié)題。出處為For formal business lunches, it is wise to phone at least 1 day ahead to reserve a table。
16. After being seated and given a menu, what are you supposed to order first?
答案為D)。細(xì)節(jié)題。出處為After you have been seated and given a menu, your waiter will come and ask if you would like to order anything to drink。
17. What should you do if youve got any dietary restrictions?
答案為A)。細(xì)節(jié)題。對于下述這句話It is the hosts responsibility to discover whether or not his guests have any special dietary restrictions(飲食禁忌). If, however, a host does not do that, a guest should not announce his dietary practices to everyone at the table. Instead, he should discreetly(慎重地) ask the waiter about the ingredients(成分) of any dish in question. He should also have in mind a second dish he might order, just in case正確理解，可以排除錯誤選項。
18. According to the talk, where should you put the napkin when you finish the meal?
答案為D)。細(xì)節(jié)題。文章的最后一句話When you finish the meal, the napkin is then placed on the table beside the plate正是答案所在。
Questions 19-22
【原文】
M: Good evening, Madam. What can I do for you?
W: The name is McDonald. Weve booked two double rooms for a week.
M: Let me see. Im afraid theres been a mistake, Madam. Look, youve booked for next week.
W: Oh, lord. I shouldnt have let my mom do the booking for us. Havent you any room free at all?
M: At this time of the year? In August, Madam? Im terribly sorry, but the whole towns booked out. Im afraid you wont find a room anywhere.
W: Not even a bed and breakfast place?
M: You might possibly find a farm if you went inland.
W: We want to be by the sea because of the children. They especially like to build sand castles.
M: Then I dont know what to suggest. Theres a caravan park two miles along the coast. But Im sure its full. Or theres a Butlans holiday camp.
W: No, thank you. We want some peace and quiet. Is there anywhere we can get a meal? We want to have our supper.
M: At this hour, its already night oclock. You could try the next town. The restaurants will be closed, but there are one or two snack bars.
W: Weve been twelve hours on the road. There were queues five miles long in places. The children are dead tired.
M: Well, Im sure we can do something for the children. They can sleep on the sofas in the lounge. But Im afraid, I cant help you and your husband.
W: Oh, dont worry about us. We can sleep in the car. Cheer up dear. The drive home wont be so bad. There wont be nearly so much traffic going back to London.
【大意】這個對話發(fā)生在賓館的前臺接待和一名女旅客之間。一對夫婦帶著孩子經(jīng)過長途跋涉從倫敦趕到了這個賓館所在的海邊小鎮(zhèn)，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)房間預(yù)訂錯了時間，而在度假旺季整個小鎮(zhèn)根本已無可供食宿之處。最終的決定是：讓孩子們在賓館休息室沙發(fā)過夜，夫婦倆回車上睡覺，第二天打道回府。
【解析】
19. Wheres the conversation most probably taking place?
答案為C)。推理題。從對話開頭的一問一答就可以推理出雙方的關(guān)系：M: Good evening, Madam. What can I do for you? W: The name is McDonald. Weve booked two double rooms for a week。顯然是在賓館前臺的一個對話。
20. Why didnt the women and children check in?
答案為B)。細(xì)節(jié)題。出處是男士說的一句話Let me see. Im afraid theres been a mistake, Madam. Look, youve booked for next week。
21. Whats the reason that makes the woman choose to spend holiday by the sea?
答案為D)。細(xì)節(jié)題。出處為We want to be by the sea because of the children. They especially like to build sand castles(孩子們愛搭沙堡)。
22. Where would children sleep according to the conversation?
答案為B)。細(xì)節(jié)題。對話快要結(jié)束時男士提出了這個解決方案：Well, Im sure we can do something for the children. They can sleep on the sofas in the lounge。
Questions 23-26
【原文】
Have you ever heard of bungee jumping? It is a rather thrilling and breath-taking sport of leaping from a high place with a rubber band tied around some part of ones body. The places you jump from can be a bridge, crane, tower, or even a cliff.
As we already know, the modern day bungee was started in England by Oxford Dangerous Sports Club. It was later commercialized most successfully in New Zealand, although the name of the sport was changed into "bungy", instead of "bungee". Now it becomes more and more popular in other European countries, as well as in the United States and Japan, in particular, among young people who are looking for thrill and excitement.
There are several ways to jump. The most common ways to attach yourself to the rubber band are by using a body harness, or a leg harness, that is, to tie the rubber band to your body, or to tie the rubber band to your legs only. If youre jumping with just a body harness, you are afforded quite a bit of freedom to move around. Your arms and legs are free to move around. The rubber band will be attached to a point close to your belly. As you jump, you can do many flips on the way down. If youre jumping with a leg harness, either one of your legs or both of your legs, will be tied to the rubber band. The leg harness can really give you the feeling of flying. And it is especially favored for watcher touchdowns, and swallow dives. You take a light slip away from the platform of a high place. Your arms stretched out wide, and soar like a bird down towards the earth.
One more thing, if you intend to try bungee jumping, most countries require that you be over the age of 18, and join a bungee jumping club, or be properly and duly instructed for the sport.
【大意】本文講述了蹦極這一極限運(yùn)動的形式、起源、方式和參加條件。蹦極者用橡皮筋綁住身體的一部分從高處往下跳。這一活動起源于牛津極限運(yùn)動俱樂部，然后在新西蘭得到成功的商業(yè)化發(fā)展。蹦極的方法主要有兩種：用橡皮筋綁住身體或綁住腿。前者的綁法令你在跳的時候手腳自由，而后者能帶給你飛翔的感覺。參加的要求是年齡在18歲以上，參加相關(guān)的俱樂部或受過正規(guī)的指導(dǎo)。
【解析】
23. Where was bungee jumping started?
答案為C)。細(xì)節(jié)題，出處為As we already know, the modern day bungee was started in England by Oxford Dangerous Sports Club。
24 Why are young people today especially interested in the sport of bungee jumping?
答案為A)。細(xì)節(jié)題，文中提到among young people who are looking for thrill and excitement。
25. According to the talk, which way of jumping can give you the feeling of flying like a bird?
答案為D)。細(xì)節(jié)題。出處是The leg harness can really give you the feeling of flying.
26. Which of the following is not required in taking up the sport of bungee jumping?
答案為D)。推理題。從One more thing, if you intend to try bungee jumping, most countries require that you be over the age of 18, and join a bungee jumping club, or be properly and duly instructed for the sport這句知道參加的條件，那么沒提到的就是答案。
Questions 27-30
【原文】
M: Patricia, You are now a third year college student at the end of your second term. What are you doing recently?
W: Im doing comparative literature. At the moment, Im comparing English, French and Russian novels. We write papers on our work. And then about 10 of us meet with our professor and read them and discuss them.
M: Is this what you call the seminar system in the universities?
W: Yes. And it works, because we get on well with the professors and lecturers. Some of them are much older than us. And they dont mind at all if we disagree with them.
M: You are lucky. When I was a college student, we had classes. But we hardly ever ask questions or discussed anything. It was partly our fault. We were a dull lot, but so were the professors. They didnt seem to be able to do anything but lecture. Besides, the course itself was so out of date, so were the textbooks. I think students ought to have a say in planning and changing their programs of study.
W: Things have changed a lot since then. Many universities nowadays are experimenting with new ideas and new subjects.
M: I can remember worrying about examinations all day long, especially during this time of the year. At that time, everything depended on how well a student does in his finals at the end of his academic year. The uncertainties were surely a great strain on us.
W: Well. We dont. find so great a strain now. We have final exams though. But we also get marks for the work we do during our three years at university. These marks will count with degree. Then we will play an important part in deciding whether we get first, second or third class honors.
M: I said you are lucky. You surely are.
【大意】這個對話對比了現(xiàn)在和過去的大學(xué)教育。女士比男士年輕，她在讀大三，正在進(jìn)行比較文學(xué)研究，采納的是"研討會體系"，這令男士頗為羨慕，因?yàn)樵谒洗髮W(xué)時，課程老套，老師只會上課，學(xué)生只懂聽課而不會提問，一切成績?nèi)Q于期末考試。相比之下，現(xiàn)在的.大學(xué)有很多新的理念和課程，評價體系也大為改變。
【解析】
27. What subject is the woman doing recently?
答案是C)。細(xì)節(jié)題。女士在對話開頭就提到Im doing comparative literature。
28. According to the conversation, what is a seminar?
答案B)。推理題。對話中女士先提到We write papers on our work. And then about 10 of us meet with our professor and read them and discuss them，然后男士又補(bǔ)充一句Is this what you call the seminar system in the universities?，女士給出了肯定回答。
29. What does the man think of the professors at his university?
答案是A)。細(xì)節(jié)題。男士抱怨過去的大學(xué)教育時說道We were a dull lot, but so were the professors(我們當(dāng)時很無趣，可教授們也是這樣)。
30. What made the man worry at the end of each academic year?
答案是C)。細(xì)節(jié)題。出處為I can remember worrying about the examinations all day long, especially during this time of the year。
Part C: Listening and Translation
1. Sentence Translation
(1) If the price of fuel continues to be increasing as the result of global oil shortage, countries all over the world, including the oil-producing ones, will suffer.
【關(guān)鍵詞匯】global oil shortage(全球石油危機(jī))。
【辨音難點(diǎn)】注意price of fuel中的fuel一詞發(fā)音不要與few混淆。
【解 析】難點(diǎn)：背景知識。這句句子除了上面提到的一個發(fā)音難點(diǎn)之外，并無生詞，如果考生對于石油危機(jī)的背景知識比較熟悉，這個話題應(yīng)該比較容易把握，因?yàn)槠渲械囊蚬P(guān)系是我們耳熟能詳?shù)模恍枭约永斫�，便不難寫出整句。常見的問題是對于including the oil-producing ones這個詞組反應(yīng)較慢。
【參考譯文】如果能源價格由于全球石油短缺而不斷攀升，世界各國，包括產(chǎn)油國，都會遭受損失。
(2) Physical fitness is the result of many factors, good medical care, proper nutrition, adequate rest and relaxation, and sensible personal habits, plus one very essential factor, regular physical exercise.
【關(guān)鍵詞匯】physical fitness(身體健康)。proper nutrition(適當(dāng)?shù)臓I養(yǎng))。adequate rest(足夠的休息)。sensible(明智的)。
【辨音難點(diǎn)】句子開頭的fitness一詞讀音較為模糊。
【解 析】難點(diǎn)：修飾詞的堆砌。本段是典型的對數(shù)條列舉進(jìn)行筆記，注意在筆記時不妨拋開good, proper, adequate, sensible等修飾詞，重點(diǎn)記錄medical care, nutrition, rest, personal habits等實(shí)詞，在寫下譯文的過程中合理補(bǔ)足就可以了。
【參考譯文】身體健康由很多因素決定，包括醫(yī)療條件良好，營養(yǎng)適當(dāng)，休息放松充足，個人習(xí)慣合理等，加上非常重要的一條，定期進(jìn)行鍛煉。
(3) The university says it doesnt have enough money to offer the courses we want to take. Meanwhile, it announces it can afford 2.5 million dollars to build a new gymnasium. I really cant figure it out.
【關(guān)鍵詞匯】gymnasium(體育館)。figure out(搞明白)。
【辨音難點(diǎn)】can afford連讀。
【解 析】難點(diǎn)：句子的長度，數(shù)字。首句比較好譯，但有些考生記不下we want to take這個定語從句，碰到這種情況，可以果斷放棄修飾語的翻譯以保全后句。后半句注意meanwhile一句隱含的轉(zhuǎn)折/對比含義，并且能把后半句的2.5 million和gymnasium兩個細(xì)節(jié)聽清楚。這樣一來，簡單的邏輯判斷都能幫助我們譯出整個句子的大意。
【參考譯文】大學(xué)聲稱沒有足夠的資金開設(shè)我們要選修的課程，但與此同時它又宣布有資金建一個造價250萬美元的體育館。對此我實(shí)在弄不明白。
(4) The world is growing smaller each day. Globalization, information revolution, and communication have made our planet earth more closely-knit for the people who live on it.
【關(guān)鍵詞匯】globalization(全球化)。Revolution(革命)。 closely-knit(緊密結(jié)合)。
【辨音難點(diǎn)】對于大多數(shù)考生來說closely-knit一詞聽不懂。
【解 析】難點(diǎn)：三個名詞的列舉，詞匯。關(guān)鍵詞Globalization, information revolution, and communication的記錄可以記首音節(jié)，以減少大腦的負(fù)荷。整句唯一的難詞closely-knit可以通過上下文，結(jié)合more開頭，充分利用closely本身意思確定大意。
【參考譯文】世界每天都在變小。全球化、信息革命和通信交流使居住在這個星球的人們更緊密地聯(lián)系在一起。
(5) To be successful, managers of international companies cannot just sit back and wait for things to happen. Rather, they should be active in their approach to challenges and opportunities.
【關(guān)鍵詞匯】sit back and wait for things to happen(坐等事情發(fā)生)。rather(相反地)。approach to(處理的方法)。
【辨音難點(diǎn)】rather的辨音，聽出此詞對于轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的理解頗為重要。active一詞讀得較快。
【解 析】難點(diǎn)：句子的語言組織。詞匯要求不高，但對組句有一定要求，比如cannot just sit back and wait for things to happen以及be active in their approach to challenges and opportunities不用嚴(yán)格按照原文，逐字譯會很啰嗦。果斷，永遠(yuǎn)是口譯考試和實(shí)際口譯的必備素質(zhì)。
【參考譯文】要想獲得成功，跨國公司的經(jīng)理們不能坐等，而是應(yīng)該主動采取措施，應(yīng)對機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)。
2. Passage Translation
(1) Nowadays, more and more young couples prefer not to have a child immediately after their marriage. What explains this trend toward delayed childbearing? First, the increasing divorce rate is making many newly-weds think twice about starting a family right away. Second, many young couples want to be more financially secure before having a baby. Finally, more married women prefer to devote time to their career. They think that being pregnant and caring for a child will make them less competitive in todays rapidly changing world.
【關(guān)鍵詞匯】delayed childbearing(延遲分娩)。newly-weds(新婚者)。financially secure(經(jīng)濟(jì)上穩(wěn)定，財務(wù)上安全)。
【解 析】這是一個比較容易把握的話題。昂立最新�？贾性霈F(xiàn)關(guān)于現(xiàn)代社會中婚姻，包括離婚，對年輕人的影響。本篇難度一般，first, second, finally分類清晰，屬于中高口中常考的句型。考生可能出現(xiàn)問題的地方就是詞匯，如上述關(guān)鍵詞匯所列。
【辨音難點(diǎn)】newly-weds一詞因?yàn)椴皇煜ざ赡艹霈F(xiàn)聽力障礙。devote time連讀。
【參考譯文】現(xiàn)如今，越來越多的年輕夫婦不愿意在婚后馬上要孩子。究竟什么導(dǎo)致了這種推遲生育的趨勢呢?首先，離婚率的上升，使很多新婚夫婦在馬上要孩子之前會考慮更周全。第二，很多年輕夫婦想在要孩子前經(jīng)濟(jì)上更穩(wěn)定。最后一點(diǎn)，更多的已婚女性愿意把時間花在事業(yè)上。她們認(rèn)為，如果懷孕或者有個孩子要照顧，會削弱她們在當(dāng)今日新月異的世界中的競爭力。
(2) In continuing education, courses for adults may be vocational or recreational. That is, they may be related to a persons job, or taken purely for interest and pleasure. In Britain today, there are several million fulltime and part-time students at further education colleges and evening institutes, their ages ranging between 16 and 80. Some of them take specialist courses in their particular skill and work for a diploma. Others just go back to school and study general subjects like English, math, and history.
【關(guān)鍵詞匯】vocational(職業(yè)的)。taken purely for interest and pleasure(純粹出于興趣和娛樂而參與)。evening institutes(夜校)。range(動詞，范圍是......)。specialist(專門技能，專家)。
【解 析】難點(diǎn)：詞匯。首句關(guān)鍵詞vocational or recreational決定了下面幾句分別討論了這兩種課程的不同定義和特點(diǎn)，如果能快速反應(yīng)，極大地有助于掌握全文。接下來的一句中taken purely for interest and pleasure中的動詞在發(fā)音上給考生帶來比較大的困難，但此句把握好interest和pleasure基本能譯出大意。最后兩句的some...others...因?yàn)榻Y(jié)構(gòu)比較清楚而容易翻譯。中級口譯的段落翻譯一般難度本身不大，考生要注意的還是邊聽邊記，包括筆記和腦記的協(xié)調(diào)問題。
【辨音難點(diǎn)】taken purely的連讀;specialist聽成special;for diploma的連讀。
【參考譯文】繼續(xù)教育向成人開設(shè)的課程有兩種，職業(yè)課程和休閑娛樂課程，即要么和某人工作相關(guān)，要么純粹出于興趣和娛樂。如今在英國，有數(shù)百萬全日制和業(yè)余制的學(xué)生在繼續(xù)教育學(xué)院和夜校學(xué)習(xí)，年齡結(jié)構(gòu)從16到80歲不等。其中部分選擇一些加強(qiáng)某項技能的專業(yè)課程，并為文憑而努力。還有人回到學(xué)校，學(xué)習(xí)英語、數(shù)學(xué)和歷史等常見科目。
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SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS
Questions 1-5
【概要】
本篇文章駁斥了傳統(tǒng)的工作觀，即：工作就是真實(shí)生活，工作就是自我價值的實(shí)現(xiàn)。文章開頭通過舉出工作滿意度下降的數(shù)據(jù)，引出其原因：工作時間長，缺乏安全感。隨后，作者通過比較新舊工作觀以及女權(quán)主義工作觀，談到盡管我們時常被教育工作的好處多多，但多數(shù)工作單調(diào)無趣，而且我們總是忽視了是否值得去做這一問題。最后水到渠成的提出自己的觀點(diǎn)：我們應(yīng)該留出時間享受生活，而不是都花在工作上。
【解析】
1. 答案為D)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為Before，realize themselves through work，答案出處為第三段的第一句話。原文提到：the less we did the better，比較四個選項，只有D)(他們強(qiáng)烈希望從工作中解脫出來)符合。
2. 答案為A)。詞義句義題。該句子在第三段中承接的上文信息是：Mrs. Thatcher認(rèn)為只有工作才能實(shí)現(xiàn)真我，而且該句本身carry on(延續(xù))也告訴我們Blair觀點(diǎn)是和Mrs. Thatcher的一致。所以，選擇A)，而crusade(十字軍、運(yùn)動)意思不了解并不重要。
3. 答案為B)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為women，答案出處為第四段。第四段開頭談到：很多女權(quán)主義認(rèn)為婦女要像男人那樣工作，但卻沒有考慮是否值得這樣去做。接著又提到feminism沒有必要一定通過工作實(shí)現(xiàn)，所以作者的態(tài)度很明顯是不贊成，而且這也符合全文反對拼命工作的觀點(diǎn)。
4. 答案為D)。結(jié)論推斷題。答案出處為文章的最后一段。該段開頭談到多數(shù)人是以金錢來衡量他們的生活，以此為辦事的動力。而且這個例子后半句也提到my friend浪費(fèi)了很多寶貴時間在路途中，下文則清楚的提到我們應(yīng)找回我們的時間，不要都花在了工作上。
5. 答案為D)。主旨大意題。比較四個選項：A)努力工作的好處是什么，B)你認(rèn)為未來是什么樣子，C)工作使人自由，D)為你自己找回時間。本文的主題就是反對拼命工作，不贊同工作就是真實(shí)的觀點(diǎn)，只有D)與之相符。
【難點(diǎn)】
1. gull：動詞，意思為"欺騙、欺哄"，如文章中But my generation has been gulled into thinking that work is real life。
2. factor：常用作名詞，表示"因素"的意思。但在本文中最后一段的without factoring in how much...中用作動詞，意思為"考慮到、把......作為因素計入"。
Questions 6-10
【概要】
本文向我們展示了英國白金漢宮的歷史和大致的構(gòu)造。文章開頭介紹了白金漢宮宏偉規(guī)模，以及形成這一規(guī)模的原因：盡管招致非議，但它還是被不斷地擴(kuò)建。到了Queen Victoria時期，由于女王的鐘愛，白金漢宮更為受人關(guān)注，而且規(guī)模得到進(jìn)一步發(fā)展�，F(xiàn)如今，白金漢宮已成為了英國王室居住和辦公場所。
【解析】
6. 答案為B)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為financial retrenchment和題干中出現(xiàn)的人名，答案出處為原文第二段最后兩句話。題目中問的是結(jié)果，最后一句中的提到：然而，還是外表優(yōu)美占了上峰。很明顯Joseph Hume的反對失敗了。
7. 答案為C)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為Ballroom，答案出處為原文第三段的第三、四句話。A)(授職儀式)，B)(政府宴會)，C)(宗教服務(wù))，D)(外事接待)，只有C)在文中未被提到。
8. 答案為D)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目的具體信息，答案出處為第三段的最后一句話。但問題問的是女王的統(tǒng)治時間，實(shí)際上根據(jù)Golden 一詞可以知道時間是五十年。A)、B)時間明顯有誤，C)提到是女王的年齡為五十歲，也不正確。
9. 答案為A)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為working from home，答案出處為文章最后一段。第一和第二句話中清楚交代了白金漢宮不僅是王室的住所，也是王國政府行政總部和辦公場所。比較四個選項，先可排除B)(文中未提到royal family在那工作)和D)(文中未提到royal staff住在那)，A)和C)比較，后者不是關(guān)鍵原因。
10. 答案為D)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為most famous，答案出處為原文第四段第二句話。這句話清楚提到了best known 兩個字。
【難點(diǎn)】
1. retrenchment：名詞，意思為"削減、緊縮、刪除"，如文章中的financial retrenchment(削減經(jīng)費(fèi))。它的動詞為retrench。
2. reign：動詞，意思為"統(tǒng)治、起支配作用、占上峰"，如文章中的elegance reigned。這個單詞也常用作名詞，表示"統(tǒng)治(時期)、王權(quán)"。
3. jubilee：名詞，意思為"周年紀(jì)念(尤其是25周年、50周年等具有特殊意義的時間)"。如golden wedding jubilee(金婚紀(jì)念)。
Questions 11-15
【概要】
本文一開始就對英國的Lake District進(jìn)行了簡要介紹：沒受到工業(yè)化的影響、風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的度假勝地等。然而，下文談到了在1968年圣誕節(jié)期間的Lake District卻不像往常那樣熱鬧，原因是人們擔(dān)心口蹄疫傳染的該地，影響其畜牧業(yè)。后文則具體描繪了因?yàn)檫@個原因人們不得不放棄許多傳統(tǒng)活動，減少外出，盡管天氣依然是那么的宜人。
【解析】
11. 答案為D)。詞義句義題。答案出處為第一段第五行及其上下句中所提到的信息，特別是make this ... holiday areas這部分，判斷很明顯this應(yīng)為Lake District。
12. 答案為C)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為principal industry，答案出處為自文章第一段。第一段第二句和最后一句話中都提到了principal industry/activity是sheep-farming。
13. 答案為D)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為foot-and-mouth disease，答案出處為原文第一段第四句話，羊群會感染口蹄疫。而且在下文中談到的fear中清楚講到會導(dǎo)致complete annihilation(綿羊的全部死亡)。
14. 答案為B)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為enterprising(有事業(yè)心的)，答案出處為文章第二段的第四句話。根據(jù)其中提供的信息：決定在冬天也開業(yè)的飯店，可以找到正確選項。
15. 答案為A)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。瀏覽四個選項，會發(fā)現(xiàn)它們都來自第三段。A)是第三段的第四句話，B)是第一句話，C)是第六句話，D)是第五句話。與原文信息對比，A)中是漏掉了原文的a hundred and one，因而信息有誤。
【難點(diǎn)】
1. annihilation：名詞，"殲滅、毀滅"。它的動詞為annihilate，"毀滅、廢棄、取消"。
2. enterprising：形容詞，意思為"有事業(yè)心的、有膽量的"。它的名詞是enterprise，"企業(yè)、事業(yè)心、冒險精神。"
Questions 16-20
【概要】
本篇文章主要分成兩個部分?jǐn)⑹�，前面三段主要以Kim Garretson這個人為例子，談?wù)摿藶槭裁茨腥巳菀装l(fā)怒，這主要是因?yàn)樗麄儾恢廊绾慰刂谱约旱那楦�。后面則順?biāo)浦鄣闹v述了男人應(yīng)該如何控制自己情感，其中的一些方法包括：用一些有創(chuàng)意的發(fā)泄方法;通過體育鍛煉的方法;試著一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)表達(dá)自己的情感;直面自己的情感，盡管這樣做可能很不舒服。
【解析】
16. 答案為D)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中出現(xiàn)的人物，答案出處為第一段。而他angry是在飯店送上了still-frozen entree，只有D)與之相符。
17. 答案為C)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。答案出處為第二段。在第二段中主要談到的是男人易怒的原因。在第二句話中談到：他們擔(dān)心如果你讓步情感一英寸，它們會進(jìn)一英里。理解上下文，此處的they是emotions。
18. 答案為A)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干的詳細(xì)信息，答案出處為第二段結(jié)尾Kenneth W. Christian所說的話，他談到不學(xué)會如何處理自己的情感，你就如同影子般生活，遲早會崩潰。
19. 答案為A)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為ways to control emotions，答案出處為文章后半部分。對照原文提到的方法，很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)A)中的信息未在文中出現(xiàn)。
20. 答案是C)。主旨大意題。文章結(jié)構(gòu)非常清晰，前面揭露男人容易發(fā)怒的原因--不會控制自己的情感，后文則具體對癥下藥提出解決方法，比較四個選項內(nèi)容，自由C)最為合理。
【難點(diǎn)】
1. flinch：動詞，意思為"退縮、畏縮"，如：flinch at pain(因痛而畏縮)，flinch from a difficulty(在困難面前退縮)。
2. outlet：名詞，意思為"出路、(感情、精力等的)發(fā)泄途徑"，如文章中的a creative outlet(有創(chuàng)意的發(fā)泄方式)。outlet還有"商行、商店"的意思，如：a retail outlet(零售店)。
Questions 21-25
【概要】
本文作者幽默地介紹自己參加世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇的經(jīng)歷，揭示了人們過于關(guān)注權(quán)利、財富和由此帶來的不平等現(xiàn)象。文章第一段告知了我們一件奇怪的事情：著名大學(xué)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家卻從未參加過世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇。而在會議舉辦點(diǎn)，作者也是處處碰壁：必須走邊門;會場沒有座位，只能站著;不準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入某處就餐。此外，文章中用各種顏色的徽章指代不同身份的人，進(jìn)一步印證這是一場貼著標(biāo)簽，權(quán)利和財富的大會。
【解析】
21. 答案為C)。詞義句義題。答案出處為第二段第一句話，作者站在mink coats and cashmere overcoats的后面，可以猜測mink為一種衣服料子。再結(jié)合選項內(nèi)容，可以輕易排除A)、B)、D)。mink意思為"貂皮"。
22. 答案為B)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為orange badge，答案出處為第三段的第三句話。事實(shí)上通過前句的信息我們已經(jīng)知道了green badge是指forum employees，所以可以先排除A)。通過第三句話，我們可以知道orange badge是指作者的身份，早在第二段中的Reporting press?問句中，我們可以了解到作者是correspondent(記者)。
23. 答案為D)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。盡管本題是根據(jù)第四段的第二句話提問的，但通過對前面一道題的解答我們可以排除B)。根據(jù)文章的第一段牛津大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的話，可以排除C)。比較A)和D)，后者的身份更適合參加World Economic Forum(世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇)。
24. 答案為D)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為ruthlessly controlled，在與前面三道題目解答的相關(guān)信息中以及文章最后一段的最后一句話，我們可以輕易排除前面三項。
25. 答案是A)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)前面幾道題目的回答，我們知道green badge是forum employees; white badges是chief executives;colored badges是與記者身份類同的于會者;orange badge是記者。
【難點(diǎn)】
1. badge：名詞，意思為"徽章、獎?wù)?，文章中用如white badge等來指代佩帶白色徽章的人。
Questions 26-30
【概要】
本篇文章分為兩個部分，第一段作者提出自己的觀點(diǎn)：來自觀察或趣聞的飲食營養(yǎng)觀應(yīng)該需要我們嚴(yán)肅思考，但其中觀察者自身生理和心理的一些特點(diǎn)也應(yīng)該值得我們思考，因?yàn)楹芏鄬?shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果部分依賴于觀察者的資質(zhì)或出于他們的成見，所以有些營養(yǎng)觀點(diǎn)并不客觀全面。在第二段中，作者用蛋白質(zhì)與動物、兒童成長的關(guān)系來例證上述自己的觀點(diǎn)：生長發(fā)育對蛋白質(zhì)的需求，并不一定是越多越好。
【解析】
26. 答案為B)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。答案出處為文章的第一段的第一句話。在這句話中，作者談到來自觀察和趣聞的有關(guān)營養(yǎng)的觀點(diǎn)值得被嚴(yán)肅考慮，但觀察者自身生理和心理的一些怪癖也應(yīng)該考慮到。所以，題目所要填的信息應(yīng)該是B)。
27. 答案為D)。詞義句義題。line 12實(shí)際上是文章第一段的最后一句話，比較這句話中前后兩個較為工整的結(jié)構(gòu)，而且通過相同的attribute...to的使用，很容易知道it的指代內(nèi)容。
28. 答案為C)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為young animals protein，答案出處為原文第二段第一、二句話。在這兩句話中作者談到這些young animals蛋白質(zhì)的喂養(yǎng)主要是以經(jīng)濟(jì)節(jié)減為原則，因?yàn)榈鞍踪|(zhì)很貴等信息，不難看出在四個選項中只有C)(最少投入，最大輸出)符合經(jīng)濟(jì)節(jié)減的原則。
29. 答案為A)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為maximum growth rate和rapid growth，答案出處為第二段的第五句話。這句話已經(jīng)清楚的告訴我們選擇A)(壽命)。
30. 答案是C)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。答案出處為文章第二段。其中，A)與是第二段的第八句話一致;B)與第四句話信息一致;C)中的long survive 與倒數(shù)第二句話中的not long survive相悖;D)來自倒數(shù)第五、六句話。
【難點(diǎn)】
1. quirk：名詞，意思為"怪癖、古怪舉動"。
2. preconception：名詞，意思為"成見、事先的看法、事先認(rèn)為"。
3. diet：名詞，在文章中意思為"日常飲食/營養(yǎng)"。此外diet還可以用作"(有助減肥或醫(yī)療的)規(guī)定飲食、日常大量接觸的東西"，如：go on a diet(節(jié)食)，a diet of noise pollution in big cities(大城市里日常隨處可見的噪音污染)。
SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1)
【主題點(diǎn)睛】
肥胖、飲食過度、健康食品、心臟病
【翻譯解析】
1. As a scourge of the modern society, obesity has become the worlds biggest public-health issue today-the main cause of heart disease, which kills more people these days than AIDS, malaria, war.
1) 關(guān)于scourge
A source of widespread, dreadful affliction and devastation such as that caused by pestilence or war.災(zāi)難，災(zāi)禍：涉及面廣的令人害怕的苦難和破壞的根源，例如由瘟疫或戰(zhàn)爭引起的。
2) 關(guān)于選詞
英語中存在許多近義詞，看似相似，表達(dá)的意義卻有差別。比如說"胖"，chubby表示小孩子胖嘟嘟的模樣，如：a chubby toddler圓嘟嘟蹣跚學(xué)步的小孩;chubby cheeks 胖嘟嘟的臉蛋。plump表示女性身材悅目的豐滿。 obese和corpulent都指總體超重，如：Her father is too corpulent to play handball. (她父親太胖以至不能玩手球。) fleshy 指肉過多，如：firm, fleshy arms (結(jié)實(shí)、多肉的胳膊。) stout指身材矮胖、粗壯的人，如： Even slim girls can become stout matrons. (甚至苗條的女孩也能變成強(qiáng)健的婦女。) rotund含有身材圓滾的意思，常常譯作"圓胖"。本句obesity指導(dǎo)致身體不健康的胖，譯成"肥胖"比較合適。
3) 關(guān)于同位語的翻譯
英語中有許多組合句子信息的方式，同位語是英語中常見的語法現(xiàn)象，它可以出現(xiàn)在修飾說明的名詞之前，如本句的a scourge of the modern society;也可以出現(xiàn)于其后，如本句的the main cause of heart disease。對于同位語，翻譯的時候一般都處理為漢語中的一個獨(dú)立的句子。
2. Since the World Health Organization labeled obesity an "epidemic" in 2000, reports on its fearful consequences have come thick and fast.
1)聯(lián)合國主要機(jī)構(gòu)
中文全稱 中文簡稱 英文全稱 英文簡稱
安全理事會 安理會 Security Council SC
關(guān)稅及貿(mào)易總協(xié)定 關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GATT
國際電信聯(lián)盟 國際電聯(lián) International Telecommunications Union ITU
國際法庭 International Court of Justice ICJ
國際海事組織 海事組織 International Maritime Organization IMO
國際貨幣基金組織 貨幣基金組織International Monetary Fund IMF
國際金融公司 金融公司 International Finance Corporation IFC
國際開發(fā)協(xié)會 開發(fā)協(xié)會 International Development Association IDA
國際勞工組織 勞工組織 International Labour Organization ILO
國際原子能機(jī)構(gòu) 原子能機(jī)構(gòu) International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA
經(jīng)濟(jì)及社會理事會 經(jīng)社理事會 Economic and Social Council ESC
聯(lián)合國大會 大會 General Assembly GA
聯(lián)合國大學(xué) United Nations University UNU
聯(lián)合國兒童基金會 兒童基金會 United Nations Childrens Fund UNICEF
聯(lián)合國環(huán)境規(guī)劃署 環(huán)境規(guī)劃署 United Nations Environment Programme UNEP
聯(lián)合國開發(fā)計劃署 開發(fā)計劃署 United Nations Development Programme UNDP
世界糧食理事會 糧食理事會 World Food Council WFC
世界氣象組織 氣象組織 World Meteorological Organization WMO
世界衛(wèi)生組織 衛(wèi)生組織 World Health Organization WHO
世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織 World Intellectual Property Organization WIPO
萬國郵政聯(lián)盟 Universal Postal Union UP
2)關(guān)于thick and fast
thick有不少固定搭配的詞組，有著固定的意義。如：
thick and fast adv. 密集地thick-and-thin adj. 甘苦與共的, 始終不變的, 忠實(shí)的
thick as hail adj. 紛至沓來的
thick on the ground 遍地皆是, 多得很
3. Will public-health warnings, combined with media pressure, persuade people to get thinner, just as they finally put them off tobacco?
1) 關(guān)于combined with
combined with和詞組as well as, together with, along with一樣，用于連接兩組并列的信息，連接兩個名詞詞組，因此不必要譯作"結(jié)合"。
2) 關(guān)于put off和put...off...
put off是固定詞組，意思是"推遲、延遲"。put...off...則表示"使......遠(yuǎn)離或戒除......"。
4. In the rich world, sales of healthier goods are booming and new figures suggest that over the past year Americans got very slightly thinner for the first time in recorded history.
1) 關(guān)于多義詞的意義選擇
上下文是詞語意義的載體，翻譯時上下文是決定詞語意義的決定因素，尤其是對于英語中存在的多義詞語，必須在上下文中確定其意義，切忌先入為主。如本句中的suggest不可譯作"建議"，而是"說明"，figure與身材無關(guān)，這里表示統(tǒng)計的數(shù)字。
2) 關(guān)于in recorded history
翻譯時需要稍作變通，并非"有記錄的歷史"，而是指"有歷史記載以來"。
5. But even if Americans are losing a few ounces, it will be many years before the country solves the health problems caused by half a centurys dining to excess.
1) 關(guān)于句型it is / was (a period of time) before...這個句型適合轉(zhuǎn)變表達(dá)方式，不說"在......之前有多長時間"，而說"......需要等到多長時間以后"，所謂反譯。
6. And, everywhere else in the world, people are still piling on the pounds.
1) 直譯和意譯
由于文化和語言表達(dá)方式的差異，翻譯不可能做到百分之百的直譯，如果直譯意思不能夠?qū)Φ�，或者表達(dá)效果比較牽強(qiáng)，就應(yīng)該采用意譯的方式，改換表達(dá)方式來表達(dá)出原文的意義。如本句中的pile on the pounds不適合譯作"堆積許多磅"，它說明的是體重增加的現(xiàn)狀，可以換一種表達(dá)方式。
7. Thats why there is now a consensus among doctors that governments should do something to stop them.
1) 關(guān)于詞語的轉(zhuǎn)譯
英語中存在許多抽象名詞，是靜態(tài)的語言。漢語動詞使構(gòu)成句子的主體，是動態(tài)的語言。所以轉(zhuǎn)譯是基本的翻譯技巧，常常把英語的抽象名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯為漢語的動詞，如本句中的consensus可以由名詞意義"共識"轉(zhuǎn)譯為"一致認(rèn)為"。
2) 關(guān)于代詞的翻譯
英語的指代頻繁，上文提及的人或事物或情況，下文往往用代詞替代。英譯漢時必須把握好代詞所指代的名詞，明確其意義，在漢語中省略或者重復(fù)譯出。如本句中的them指代上文的"人們"，但實(shí)際上卻暗指人們越來越胖的趨勢或者人們讓自己越來越胖的做法，翻譯時要明確。
【參考譯文】
肥胖是現(xiàn)代社會的災(zāi)難，目前已經(jīng)成為最嚴(yán)重的公眾健康問題，心臟病主要因肥胖而起，肥胖奪去的生命比艾滋病、瘧疾、戰(zhàn)爭還要多。2000年世界衛(wèi)生組織把肥胖定性為"流行病"，自此人們紛紛探討肥胖能夠引發(fā)的嚴(yán)重后果。媒體的壓力，健康的警告，能否使人們的體重有所減輕，就如同當(dāng)初使人們遠(yuǎn)離煙草一樣?的確有可能。在富裕的發(fā)達(dá)國家，健康食品的銷售量不斷上升，最新數(shù)字表明在過去的一年，美國人的體重有史以來首次有所下降。然而雖然美國人體重有所減輕，美國要解決半個世紀(jì)以來飲食過度帶來的健康問題還得等到多年以后。而且，在世界上其他地區(qū)，人們的體重仍然在不斷上升。正因?yàn)槿绱�，目前醫(yī)生一致認(rèn)為各國政府應(yīng)當(dāng)采取措施抑制人們不斷肥胖的發(fā)展趨勢。
SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2)
【主題點(diǎn)睛】
上海、國際大都市、充滿活力、日新月異、充滿希望
【翻譯解析】
1.上海市是一座朝氣蓬勃、充滿活力、多姿多彩的國際大都市，改革開放以來，上海變化之大令世人矚目。
1) 英語的時態(tài)
英語以不同的時態(tài)體現(xiàn)不同時間發(fā)生的情況，而且對于一些短語或分句，根據(jù)習(xí)慣必須使用特定時態(tài)，比如對于"......以來"對應(yīng)的英語結(jié)構(gòu)since...，主句一般采用現(xiàn)在完成時。
2) 英語的并列結(jié)構(gòu)
本句中有三個形容詞"朝氣蓬勃、充滿活力、多姿多彩"，對仗工整，適合翻譯成英語的并列結(jié)構(gòu)，即表達(dá)方式和結(jié)構(gòu)相似的詞語、詞組或句子。如果"朝氣蓬勃"翻譯成一個形容詞，"充滿活力"也應(yīng)該翻譯成一個形容詞，而不是詞組full of vitality。
3) 增詞
英語邏輯性較強(qiáng)，通過結(jié)構(gòu)明確地表達(dá)詞語之間的邏輯關(guān)系，漢語中的許多涵義意會即可，所以翻譯時需要適當(dāng)?shù)卦鲈~或者減詞來體現(xiàn)語言的特點(diǎn)，如本句"改革開放以來"，如果譯作since reform and opening-up便不符合英語的邏輯，因?yàn)閟ince后接續(xù)的往往是一點(diǎn)時間，如某時某天某年，或者是在某一點(diǎn)時間發(fā)生的事件，作為主句說明的情況時間上的起始點(diǎn)，所以這里應(yīng)該添加詞語。
2.經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展，社會秩序穩(wěn)定，人民安居樂業(yè)，呈現(xiàn)出一片繁華氣象。
1) 主語的選擇
除去祈使句和感嘆句，英語的句子一般都要由主語和謂語構(gòu)成，所以中譯英時首先要確定句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)，即主語和謂語。這個句子"呈現(xiàn)出一片繁華氣象"的主語應(yīng)該是"上海"，需要添加。
2) 短句與名詞詞組的轉(zhuǎn)換
漢語是意合的語言，往往有許多小短句構(gòu)成完整的意思，而英語時形合的語言，許多的信息往往組合在一句話中表達(dá)出來。所以翻譯時常常要把漢語的小句子轉(zhuǎn)化為英語的名詞詞組。轉(zhuǎn)化可以通過轉(zhuǎn)譯或者變序來完成，如"經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展"可以把"發(fā)展"翻譯成名詞，"社會秩序穩(wěn)定"可以把"穩(wěn)定"翻譯成名詞，即轉(zhuǎn)譯;而"人口多"翻譯成"多的人口"，"底子薄"翻譯成"薄的底子"就是變序進(jìn)行翻譯。
3.今天，盡管上海還有著不少色彩斑斕的過去可以留戀和回味，但城市日新月異的面貌卻使越來越多的世人所折服。
1) 主語的選擇
漢語是個主題性的語言，把話題作為主語，可以不考慮主語和動詞之間的語義關(guān)系，如"上海下雨了"英語中就不適合用"上海"作為主語。本句以"上海"來作為"令人折服"的主語更為合理。
2) 詞語的省略
漢語的重復(fù)現(xiàn)象多，用詞的重復(fù)，意義的重復(fù)，都比較突出。相對而言，英語重復(fù)少，指代多，省略多。對于漢語重復(fù)的詞語翻譯時可以進(jìn)行省略，如"百折不撓、萬難不屈"就是語義的重復(fù)，英語中不需要重復(fù)譯出，本句的"留戀和回味"、"日新月異"都存在著語義的重復(fù)，翻譯時應(yīng)適當(dāng)?shù)厥÷浴?/p>
4.上海就像一輪紅日，光芒四射，鮮艷奪目。上海的明天充滿希望。
1) 句子的連接
最后的兩句話連接起來翻譯效果很好，符合英語形合的特征。如果兩句話主語一致，在英語中比較容易銜接，可以利用分詞、不定式、同位語等等，省略其中一句相同的主語。比如最后一句"上海的明天充滿希望"如果改作"上海"作為主語，前面一句就可以轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橥徽Z，兩句共用"上海"作為主語，句子的銜接更為緊密。
【參考譯文】
Shanghai, a vigorous, dynamic and versatile international metropolis in China, has attracted worldwide attention with its dramatic changes since the introduction of reform and opening-up. It presents a picture of prosperity with its rapid economic development, social stability, peaceful and contended life of residents. Taking a new look with each passing day, Shanghai is drawing more and more admiration, despite its colorful past for nostalgia. The city, brilliant and splendid like the sun, promises a better future.
翻譯考試中級口譯模擬真題答案 2
A new era is upon us. Call it what you will： the service economy， the information age， the knowledge society. It all translates to ① a fundamental change in the way we work. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically. Today the majority of jobs are in the service industry， and the number is on the rise.
More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part- time jobs. More people are self-employed. Above all， the economic transformation is giving rise to② a radical~ new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Long-held notions about jobs and careers， the skills needed to succeed， even the relation between individuals and employers——all these are being challenged.
難點(diǎn)提示：
�、俎D(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椋D(zhuǎn)化為
�、谝穑瑢�(dǎo)致
�、鄹镜模瑥氐椎�
參考譯文：
一個新時代降臨在我們身上。隨你怎么稱呼它：叫它服務(wù)型經(jīng)濟(jì)、信息時代，或者知識社會都行。它都反映在我們工作方式的根本改變上。靠生產(chǎn)物品謀生的人的比例大幅度下降。今天，大多數(shù)的人們都從事服務(wù)性行業(yè)的工作，而且人數(shù)呈上升趨勢。
勞動力中婦女的人數(shù)比以往任何時候都多。有更多兼職的工作。更多的人成為個體勞動者。最重要的是，經(jīng)濟(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)變帶來了對于工作本身的'一種全新認(rèn)識。工作和事業(yè)，成功所必需具備的技能，甚至就連個人與雇主的關(guān)系——長期以來對所有這些問題所持的看法都受到了挑戰(zhàn)。
翻譯考試中級口譯模擬真題答案 3
TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 MINUTES)
Direction: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
本屆會議將圍繞“新世紀(jì)、新挑戰(zhàn)：參與、合作、促進(jìn)共同繁榮”的主題，審議 5 個方面的議題，以期促進(jìn)亞太地區(qū)和全球經(jīng)貿(mào)的發(fā)展。
今年的亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易合作組織會議將主要側(cè)重兩個方面：一是加強(qiáng)亞太經(jīng)合組織成員之間的`合作，共同應(yīng)對可能出現(xiàn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退，重樹信心；二是繼續(xù)推進(jìn)亞太經(jīng)合組織貿(mào)易投資自由化進(jìn)程，推動世界貿(mào)易組織盡早開始新一輪談判。
分析：
�、� 本屆會議將圍繞“新世紀(jì)、新挑戰(zhàn)：參與、合作、促進(jìn)共同繁榮”的主題，審議 5 個方面的議題，以期促進(jìn)亞太地區(qū)和全球經(jīng)貿(mào)的發(fā)展。
譯文 1 ： This meeting will discuss the topic of “new century, new challenge: participate , cooperate and promote common prosperity covering 5 areas with a view to enhancing the development of economy and trade between the Asian-Pacific region and the rest world.
譯文 2 ： This meeting will center round the theme of “Meeting new challenges in the new century: achieving common prosperity through participation and cooperation” under 5 heads with a view to promoting the economic and trade development in the Asia-Pacific region and the world at large.
考點(diǎn)： 意譯：“新世紀(jì)、新挑戰(zhàn)：參與、合作、促進(jìn)共同繁榮”如譯文 1 翻譯純粹采取直譯，把字面意思翻譯出來，而譯文 2 把這句話的含義翻譯出來，值得推薦。
轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：動詞 → 名詞 參與 →participation 合作 →cooperation
�、� 今年的亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易合作組織會議將主要側(cè)重兩個方面：一是加強(qiáng)亞太經(jīng)合組織成員之間的合作，共同應(yīng)對可能出現(xiàn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退，重樹信心；二是繼續(xù)推進(jìn)亞太經(jīng)合組織貿(mào)易投資自由化進(jìn)程，推動世界貿(mào)易組織盡早開始新一輪談判。
譯文 1 ： The APEC meeting in this year will focus mainly on two aspects: one is on strengthening the cooperation among all the APEC members to cope with the possible economic recession through rebuilding up confidence; the other is on promoting the liberalization of trade and investment of APEC for the start of a new round of negotiations/talks for WTO.
譯文 2 ： This year’s APEC meeting will focus on two key missions: one is to strengthen the cooperation among APEC members in dealing with a possible economic slowdown to build up new confidence; the other is to continue to advance the process of APEC trade and invest liberalization and facilitation and urge the WTO to initiate a new round of talks as soon as possible.
考點(diǎn)： 增詞譯法：“一是加強(qiáng)” →one is on strengthening ，因?yàn)榍敖?focus mainly on ，因此增加 on 介詞。
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