大學英語3精讀及解析
大學生活總是很輕松的，可是我們還是得好好學習，課外之余再好好放松，畢竟學習才是主業(yè)，接下來小編為你帶來大學英語3精讀及解析，希望對你有幫助。
Lsaac Bashevis Singer (1904—1991) was born in a Jewish village in Poland. In 1935 he immigrated to New York.
Singer wrote many stories and novels, as well as books for juveniles and four autobiographies (including Lost in America, 1981). In 1978 his work received world attention when he was awarded the Noble Prize in Literature.
The Son from America------lsaac Bashevis Singer
The village of Lentshin was tiny. It was surrounded by little huts with thatchad roofs. Between the huts there were fields, where the owners planted vegetables or pastured their goats.
In the smallest of these huts lived old Berl, a man in his eighties, and his wife Berlcha. Old Berl was one of the Jews driven from Russia who had settled in Poland. He was short, broad-shouldered, and had a small white beard, and in summer and winter he wore a sheepskin hat, a padded cotton jacket, and stout boots. He had a half acre of field, a cow, a goat, and chickens.
The couple had a son, Samuel, who had gone to America forty years ago. It was said in Lentshin that he became a millionaire there. Every month, the Lentshin letter carrier brought old Berl a money order and a letter that no one could read because many of the words were English. How much money Samuel sent his parents remained a secret. They never seemed to use the money. What for? The garden, the cow, and the goat provided most of their needs.
No one cared to know where Berl kept the money that his son sent him. The hut consisted of one room, which contained all their belongings: the table, the shelf for meat, the shelf for milk foods, the two beds, and the clay oven. Sometimes the chickens roosted in the woodshed and sometimes, when it was cold, in a coop near the oven. The goat, too, found shelter inside when the weather was bad. The more prosperous villagers had kerosene lamps, but Berl and his wife did not believe in new gadgets. Only for the Sabbath would Berlcha buy candles at the store. In summer, the couple got up at sunrise and retired with the chickens. In the long winter evenings, Berlcha spun flax and Berl sat beside her in the silence of those who enjoy their rest.
Once in a while when Berl came home from the synagogue, he brought news to his wife. In Warsaw there were strikers who demanded that the czar abdicate. Somebody by the name of Dr. Herzl had come up with the idea that Jews should settle again in Palestine. Berlcha listened and shook her head. Her face was yellowish and wrinkled like a cabbage leaf. She was half deaf. Berl had to repeat each word he said to her.
Here in Lentshin nothing happened except usual events: a cow gave birth to a calf, a young couple got married. Actually, Lentshin had become a village with few young people. The young men left for Zakroczym, for Warsaw, and sometimes for the United States. Like Samuel, they sent letters and photographs in which the men wore top hats and the women fancy dresses.
Berl and Berlcha also received such photographs. But their eyes were failing and neither he nor she had glasses. They could barely make out the pictures. Samuel had sons and daughters—and grandchildren. Their names were so strange that Berl and Berlcha could never remember them. But what difference do names make? America was on the other side of the ocean, at the edge of the world. A talmud teacher who came to Lentshin had said that Americans walked with their heads down and their feet up. Berl and Berlcha could not grasp this. How was it possible? But since the teacher said so it must be true.
One Friday morning, when Berlcha was kneading the dough for the Sabbath loaves, the door opened and a nobleman entered. He was so tall that he had to bend down to get through the door. He was followed by the coachman who carried two leather suitcases. In astonishment Berlcha raised her eyes.
The nobleman looked around and said to the coachman in Yiddish, "Here it is." He took out a silver ruble and paid him. Then he said, "You can go now."
When the coachman closed the door, the nobleman said, "Mother, it's me, your son Samuel-Sam."
Berlcha heard the words and her legs grew numb. The nobleman hugged her, kissed her forehead, both her cheeks, and Berlcha began to cackle like a hen, "My son!"
At that moment Berl came in from the woodshed, his arms piled with logs. The goat followed him. When he saw a nobleman kissing his wife, Berl dropped the wood and exclaimed, "What is this?"
The nobleman let go of Berlcha and embraced Berl. "Father! "
For a long time Berl was unable to utter a sound. Then he asked, "Are you Samuel?"
"Yes, Father, I am Samuel. "
"Well, peace be with you. " Berl grasped his son's hand. He was still not sure that he was not being fooled. Samuel wasn't as tall and heavy as this man, but then Berl reminded himself that Samuel was only fifteen years old when he had left home. Berl asked, "Why didn't you let us know that you were coming?"
"Didn't you receive my cable?" Samuel asked.
Berl did not know what a cable was.
Berlcha had scraped the dough from her hands and enfolded her son.
"I never thought I could live to see this. Now, I am happy to die," Berlcha said. Berl was amazed. These were just the words he could have said earlier. After a while Berl came to himself and said, "Pescha, you will have to make a double Sabbath pudding in addition to the stew."
It was years since Berl had called Berlcha by her given name. Only now did Berlcha begin to cry. Yellow tears ran from her eyes, and everything became dim. Then she called out, "It's Friday—I have to prepare for the Sabbath." Yes, she had to knead the dough for the loaves. With such a guest, she had to make a larger Sabbath stew. The winter day is short and she must hurry.
Her son understood what was worrying her, because he said, "Mother, I will help you."
The nobleman took off his jacket and remained in his vest, on which hung a solidgold-watch chain. He rolled up his sleeves. "Mother, I was a baker for many years in New York," he said, and he began to knead the dough.
Berlcha wept for joy. Her strength left her, and she slumped onto the bed.
Berl said, "Women will always be women." And he went to the shed to get more wood. The goat sat down near the oven; she gazed with surprise at this strange man.
The neighbors had heard the good news that Berl's son had arrived from America and they came to greet him. The women began to help Berlcha prepare for the Sabbath. Some laughed, some cried. The room was full of people, as at a wedding. After Berlcha lit the candles, father and son went to the little synagogue across the street. A new snow had fallen. The son took large steps, but Berl warned him, "Slow down."
In the synagogue the Jews sang their prayers. All the time, the snow outside kept falling. When Berl and Samuel left the Holy Place, the village was unrecognizable. Everything was covered in snow. One could see only the contours of the roofs and the candles in the windows. Samuel said, "Nothing has changed here."
Berlcha had prepared fish, chicken soup with rice, meat, carrot stew. The family ate and drank, and when it grew quiet for a while one could hear the chirping of the house cricket.
After the final prayer Samuel asked, "Father, what did you do with all the money I sent you?"
Berl raised his white brows. "It's here."
"Didn't you put it in a bank?"
"There is no bank in Lentshin."
"Where do you keep it?"
Berl hesitated. "One is not allowed to touch money on the Sabbath, but I will show you. "He crouched beside the bed and began to shove something heavy. A boot appeared. Its top was stuffed with straw. Berl removed the straw and the son saw that the boot was full of gold coins. He lifted it.
"Father, this is a treasure!" he called out.
"Well."
"Why didn't you spend it?"
"On what? Thank God, we have everything."
"Why didn't you travel somewhere?"
"Where to? This is our home."
The son asked one question after the other, but Berl's answer was always the same: They had everything. The garden, the cow, the goat, the chickens provided them with all they needed. The son said, "If thieves knew about this, your lives wouldn't be safe."
"There are no thieves here."
"What will happen to the money?"
"You take it." ”
Slowly, Berl and Berlcha grew accustomed to their son and his American Yiddish. Berlcha could hear him better now. She even recognized his voice. He was saying, "Perhaps
we should build a larger synagogue."
"The synagogue is big enough," Berl replied.
"Perhaps a home for old people."
"No one sleeps in the street."
The next day after the Sabbath meal was eaten, Berl and Berlcha lay down for a nap. They soon began to snore. The goat, too, dozed off. The son put on his cloak and his hat and went for a walk. He strode with his long legs across the marketplace. He stretched out a hand and touched a roof. He had a desire to talk to someone, but it seemed that the whole of Lentshin was asleep.
Samuel returned home. Dusk had fallen. Berl went to the synagogue for the evening prayers and the son remained with his mother.
In the twilight Samuel put his hand into his jacket pocket and touched his checkbook, his letters of credit. He had come here with big plans. He had a suitcase filled with presents for his parents. He wanted to help the village. He brought not only his own money but funds from the Lentshin Society in New York. But this village needed nothing. From the synagogue one could hear people chanting. The cricket, silent all day, started again its chirping. Berlcha began to sway and utter holy rhymes inherited from mothers and grandmothers.
冷申村的貴客---艾薩克·巴舍維斯·辛格
冷申村微不足道，四周全是小小的茅草屋，草屋之間是田地，農(nóng)民們在這些田地上或種蔬菜，或放牧羊群。
在這片茅屋中，最小的那間里，住著八十多歲的老貝爾和妻子蓓查。老貝爾是一個被從俄國驅(qū)逐、移居波蘭的猶太人，他個頭不高，寬寬的肩膀，留一小撮白胡子，無論寒暑都戴著一頂羊皮帽、一件棉衣和一雙結(jié)實的靴子。他有半英畝田、一頭母牛、一只山羊和一群雞。
老兩口有個兒子，叫塞繆爾，四十年前去了美國，冷申村的人都說他在那邊已是百萬富翁了。每個月，村里的郵遞員都會給老貝爾帶來一張匯票，和一封沒人認得的信，因為信上很多字都是英文。塞繆爾給父母寄了多少錢，這還是個秘密。他們似乎從未動過這些錢，為什么呢？有菜園、有牛、還有羊，這都在很大程度上滿足了生活所需。
沒人注意到貝爾把兒子寄的錢藏哪兒了。這件茅屋只有一個房間，卻堆滿了他們的全部家當：桌子、肉架、奶制品架、兩張床、粘土烤箱。有時候，雞會棲息在木棚上，天冷時，則會棲于烤箱旁邊的雞籠里，天氣不好時，羊也會在這里睡覺。家境好的人家有煤油燈，但是貝爾和妻子都不稀罕這些新玩意。只有在安息日，蓓查才會去商店買些蠟燭。夏天，老兩口日出時起床、雞棲時睡覺。漫長冬夜里，蓓查織布，貝爾坐在她旁邊，在靜謐中享受休息時光。
偶爾，貝爾從猶太教堂回來后，會給老伴兒講些新聞：華沙的罷工者要求沙皇退位；有個叫赫茲的人獻策說，猶太人應(yīng)該再次遷入巴勒斯坦。蓓查邊聽邊搖頭。她的臉色發(fā)黃，臉像甘藍葉一樣皺巴。耳朵半聾，貝爾得把每個字反復(fù)說給她聽。
在冷申村，什么不尋常的事都沒有，除了平日的瑣事：一頭母牛生了一頭小牛犢，一對年輕人成婚了。事實上，冷申村的年輕人已經(jīng)不多了，青年男子們?nèi)チ薢akroczym(波蘭某地)，去了華沙，有的去了美國。他們像塞繆爾那樣，往家里寄信、寄照片，照片上的男子都戴著高高的帽子，女人都穿著精美的衣服。
貝爾和蓓查也收過這樣的照片，但是他們的老眼不行了，老兩口都沒有眼鏡，他們幾乎看不清照片上的人。塞繆爾有兒子們，也有女兒們，還有孫子呢。他們的名字很奇怪，貝爾和蓓查都記不住。但是這些名字有什么不同的意義呢？美國在大洋的另一端，地球的另一頭。曾有一位教猶太法典的教師來到村子里，他告訴村里人，美國人走路是頭朝下、腳朝上。貝爾和蓓查不明白，這怎么可能呢？但是既然這位教師是這么說的，那肯定是這樣的。
一個星期五的早上，蓓查在揉面，做安息日吃的面包，這時，門開了，進來一位貴客。他個子很高，進門時只得彎著腰。身后是一個馬車夫，手里提著兩個皮箱。
蓓查吃驚地睜大眼睛。
貴客看了下四周，用意第緒語跟馬車夫說，“就是這里了�！彼统鲆幻躲y盧比給他，然后說，“現(xiàn)在你可以走了�！�
馬車夫關(guān)門走后，貴客開口說，“媽媽，是我，您的兒子塞繆爾。”
聽到這句話，蓓查的雙腿麻木起來。貴客擁抱了她，親吻她的.前額和雙手，蓓查突然像母雞那樣咯咯笑起來，“我的兒！” 此刻貝爾從木棚進屋來，懷里抱滿鋸木，身后跟著山羊。
看到一個貴客吻著妻子，鋸木從懷里落下，貝爾驚呼，“是誰？！”
貴客放開蓓查，又擁抱了貝爾�！鞍职郑 �
好大一會兒，貝爾說不出一句話來。后來，他問道，“你是塞繆爾？”
“是的，爸爸，我就是塞繆爾�！�
“啊，你還好好的�！必悹栕プ鹤拥囊恢皇�。他還不能確定自己是否在被愚弄，塞繆爾可不像這個人這么高、這么壯，但是隨后貝爾想起來，塞繆爾離家那年只有十五歲��！
貝爾問道，“為什么不通知我們你回來呢？”
“你們沒收到我的電報？”塞繆爾問道。
貝爾不知道什么是電報。
蓓查刮掉手上的面屑，擁抱了兒子。
“我從沒想到可以在有生之年再見到你，這會兒，我高興極了，”蓓查說。貝爾吃了一驚，這可是他剛才想要說的話��！ 過了一會兒，貝爾回過神來，說，“蓓兒，除了這些燉肉，你還得再做份安息日餃子。”
貝爾好多年沒叫蓓查的教名了，可是這會兒，蓓查開始哭起來，黃色的眼淚滾落出來，眼前的一切都模糊了。一會兒她叫道，“今天是星期五--我要做安息日飯食了。”是的，她得揉面做面包了。來了這么一位貴客，她要做一大份安息日燉肉。冬天天短，她必須抓緊時間。
兒子看出了母親在為什么煩惱，他說，“媽媽，我來幫你�！�
貴客兒子脫下上衣，只穿著汗衫，脖子里掛著實心金表鏈，他挽起袖子，“媽，我在紐約做過很多年面包師，”他說，開始揉面。
蓓查破涕為笑，她感到渾身無力，便倒在床上休息。
貝爾說，“女人終歸是女人啊！”他走進木屋，再拿些木頭。山羊在烤箱旁臥下，吃驚地瞪著這個陌生人。
鄰居們聽到貝爾兒子從美國回來的好消息，紛紛前來問候。女人們開始幫助蓓查為安息日張羅著。有的笑、有的哭。屋子里滿是人，像鬧新婚一樣。
傍晚，蓓查點起蠟燭后，父親和兒子就到街對面的猶太小教堂去了。又一場雪開始下起來，兒子大步流星地走著，貝爾提醒他，“慢點，慢點�！�
教堂里，猶太人唱著祈禱歌。外面一直下著雪。貝爾和塞繆爾離開這座圣殿時，整個村莊已經(jīng)變了樣兒。大雪籠蓋了一切，只能看到屋頂?shù)妮喞痛白永锏臓T光。塞繆爾說，“一切還是老樣子�！�
蓓查做了魚、雞湯米飯、肉、燉胡蘿卜。一家人開始吃喝，一時一切歸于寂靜，只能聽到房子里蟋蟀的唧唧聲。
祈禱完畢，塞繆爾問，“爸爸，我寄給你們的那些錢，你們都怎么花的？”
貝爾揚了揚白眉毛，“在家里放著呢�！�
“為什么不存銀行呢？”
“村子里沒有銀行�！�
“那你藏到哪兒了？”
貝爾猶豫了一下，“安息日里不能碰錢，不過我會給你看。”他蹲在床邊，笨重地推著什么。一只靴子。靴子上面塞滿了麥稈，貝爾取出麥稈，這時，兒子看到，靴子里滿是金幣。他舉起靴子。
“爸爸，這可是財寶�。 彼械�。
“是的�！�
“你為什么不花掉呢？”
“買什么？謝天謝地，我們什么都不缺�！�
“為什么不去旅行呢？”
“去哪兒？這兒就是家！”
兒子問了一個又一個問題，但是貝爾的回答都是一樣的：他們什么都有，菜園、母牛、山羊、雞滿足了生活所需。兒子說，“要是小偷知道了，你們就危險了�！�
“這兒沒有小偷�！�
“那這些錢怎么辦呢�！�
“你拿走吧。
慢慢地，貝爾和蓓查習慣了兒子和他的美國式意第緒語。蓓查現(xiàn)在有點能聽懂他的話了，她甚至能聽出他的聲音。聽，他在說話：
“或許我們得建一所大教堂了�！�
“這座已經(jīng)夠大了，”貝爾回道。
“或許得給老年人蓋房子。”
“沒有人睡在大街上�！�
第二天塞繆爾吃過飯，貝爾和蓓查躺下睡午覺，他們很快開始打鼾，那只山羊也開始打盹兒。兒子披上斗篷、戴上帽子，出去走走。他甩開兩條長腿，大步走在市場上。他伸出一只手，摸到了一家房頂。他想找人談?wù)勌�，但是好像整個冷申村都在睡覺。
塞繆爾回到家，已是黃昏了，貝爾去教堂做晚禱，兒子在家陪著母親。
微光中，塞繆爾把手伸向外套口袋里，摩挲著自己的支票薄和信用證。他帶著很大的計劃回來，手提箱里裝滿了給父母的禮物，他想幫助村里人，除了自己的錢，他還帶回了紐約冷申社團的基金，但是這個村子什么都不缺。
從教堂的方向傳來一陣歌聲，安靜了一整天的蟋蟀，突然唧唧叫了起來。蓓查開始搖晃著，哼著從母親、祖母那里傳下來的圣歌。
注：艾薩克·巴舍維斯·辛格（1904-1991）出生在波蘭的一個猶太人村莊，1935年移居紐約。
辛格創(chuàng)作了很多故事和小說、青少年讀物和四部自傳（包括1981年的《迷失在美國》）。1978年，他被授予諾貝爾文學家，他的作品因此得到了全世界的關(guān)注。
1.immigrate v. 移居入境
例句：
People from many countries immigrated to the United States and Canada.
許多國家的人移居到美國和加拿大。
2.juvenile n. 青少年
例句：
At first this shop sold newspapers and magazines only, but it has since put in juvenile books.
這家商店起初只出售報紙和雜志，后來又增售青少年讀物。
3.tiny adj. 極小的,微小的
例句：
The tiny seeds planted ten years before had flowered.
10年前撒的種子這時已經(jīng)開花了。
4.thatch n. 蓋屋頂?shù)牟牧?用草蓋的屋頂,濃密的頭發(fā) v. 茸
例句：
Thatch hut is raised high above the paddy field on stilt.
茅草屋用柱高高地建在稻田之上。
5.pasture vt. 放牧
例句：
He's pasturing his cattle on the top meadow.
他正在高處的草地上放牛。
6.sheepskin n. 羊皮(綿羊皮,羊皮紙)
例句：
The college graduate is presented with a sheepskin to cover his intellectual nakedness.
大學畢業(yè)生被授予一張羊皮文憑來遮掩其皮毛知識。
7.stout adj. 強壯的,穩(wěn)重的,肥胖的
例句：
Hope is a slender reed for a stout man to lean on.
希望是壯漢依靠的一根纖細的蘆葦。
8.roost v. 棲息,安歇
例句：
Curse, like chicken, comes home to roost.
詛咒像雞雛，必回棲息木。
9.kerosene lamp n. 煤油燈
10.spin v. 紡織,旋轉(zhuǎn),拉長
例句：
Silkworms spin cocoons.
蠶作繭。
11.synagogue n. 猶太人集會,猶太教會堂
例句：
Many Jews come to this synagogue on Saturday.
星期六的時候，許多猶太人到這所猶太教會堂來。
12.abdicate v. 放棄
例句：
King Edward VIII abdicated in 1936.
英王愛德華八世於1936年退位.
13.nobleman n. 貴族
例句：
Although his grandfather was a nobleman, he was very poor.
盡管他的祖父是貴族，他卻非常窮困。
14.cackle v. 咯咯地叫,格格地笑,喋喋不休
例句：
The old woman gave a loud cackle.
老太太咯咯地笑起來。
15.scrape v. 刮掉,擦掉
例句:
I must have scraped some of the paint off when I was parking the car.
我準是停放汽車的時候刮掉了一些油漆。
16.knead v. 揉,按摩,捏制
例句：
Pizza dough must be knead for five minutes.
做比薩餅的面團要揉５分鐘。
17.chirp v. 吱喳而鳴
例句：
Birds had begun to chirp among the trees.
鳥兒們已經(jīng)開始在樹林里嘰嘰喳喳地叫了。
18.crouch v. 蹲下,蜷著,縮著
例句：
He crouched down among the tangled foliage.
他蹲下把身子藏在紊亂的葉叢中。
19.snore v. 打鼾
例句：
Mary accused her husband of snore too loudly.
瑪麗指責她丈夫打呼嚕太響。
1.settle in v. 遷入
例句：
His uncle chose to settle in the countryside.
他叔父決意在鄉(xiāng)下定居。
2.come up with v. 趕上, 提出
例句：
He's come up with a great idea.
他想出了一個絕好的辦法。
3.roll up vt. 裊裊上升、卷起、到達
例句：
He rolled up his sleeves and got to work in the garden.
他卷起了袖子，在花園里干起活來。
4.one after the other adv.相繼地
例句：
History is like a series of journeys, one coming after the other.
歷史是一次又一次旅程的連接。
5.lay down vi. 放下、記下、擬定、建造
例句：
He lay down on the sofa and soon fell asleep.
她躺在沙發(fā)上很快就睡著了。
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