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2017托福考試真題詳解
12月11日托福閱讀三篇文章分別是： Glacier Effect(冰川的影響)，The Sistine Ceiling(西斯廷教堂壁頂繪畫)，以及Explaining the Collapse of Early Bronze Age Societies(解釋早期青銅時(shí)代社會(huì)的衰落)，難度與12.10相比有所加大，并且是新題出題，所以可能做起來(lái)比較費(fèi)時(shí)。下面具體看看托�？荚嚨恼骖}解讀吧!
第一篇Glacier Effects
第一段主要講
前兩段主要講冰川的形成和融化會(huì)給地球帶來(lái)很多變化，包括地表的高度，地表的形態(tài)，還有沿路的樹，石頭等，然后說(shuō)到山岳冰川對(duì)地表的影響，山岳上的冰川移動(dòng)速凍很快，會(huì)使很多V型山谷蝕刻成U型山谷和冰懸谷，最后講到大陸冰川以及冰川崩解對(duì)地球的影響，冰川崩解化為洪水注入海洋，這個(gè)過(guò)程對(duì)地表影響更大。
解析
本文考察的是地質(zhì)類中的冰川形成，用詞也比較專業(yè)，對(duì)于不了解冰川形成以及作用的同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)可能比較大，不過(guò)這個(gè)比較接近Glacier Formation的后續(xù)文章，如果考前練習(xí)中做過(guò)這篇，并且單詞也都記背，做這篇相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)會(huì)有一定基礎(chǔ)。
參考文章：
TPO15-3 Glacier Formation
TPO 19-3 Discovering the Ica Ages
詞匯：
In response to = as a result of
Depositing=putting
Sculpt=shape
Drastic=very significant
聽(tīng)力解析
C1:
學(xué)生去找教授， 因?yàn)閰⒓觗ebate tournament, 所以會(huì)缺課，學(xué)生詢問(wèn)教授是否可以提前讓教授返回他論文的first draft。關(guān)于辯論賽，學(xué)生一方需要支持的觀點(diǎn)是減少對(duì)科學(xué)類的funding，增加對(duì)社科類的funding。教授后來(lái)要講到的內(nèi)容是Mexico的地面下陷，由于對(duì)地下水的過(guò)度開發(fā)，clay的密度不均勻。塌陷后很難復(fù)原，就像榨出果汁的橘子很難復(fù)原一樣。
名師解析：
又是一篇目的主旨出現(xiàn)在中間的對(duì)話，提醒各位學(xué)員，對(duì)于不是開門見(jiàn)山類的對(duì)話，開頭寒暄的內(nèi)容也務(wù)必注意去聽(tīng)，抓好每個(gè)問(wèn)答的切入點(diǎn)。比如這篇就考了學(xué)生辯論賽的論題比較有挑戰(zhàn)的非主旨細(xì)節(jié)。再就是這篇題目把常規(guī)的環(huán)境科學(xué)類的學(xué)術(shù)內(nèi)容穿插到了對(duì)話中，需要考生對(duì)這類對(duì)話中學(xué)術(shù)內(nèi)容的提取。以橘子為例，類比細(xì)節(jié)的考察要注意。Uneven，aquifer，clay，sink，pump等詞匯的識(shí)記。
相關(guān)練習(xí)：
TPO25-C2 TPO26-C2 TPO31-C1;
寫作解析
獨(dú)立寫作
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Visiting museums is the best way to learn about a country.
這是一道絕對(duì)詞題(題干出現(xiàn)the best，the most important等字眼)，反對(duì)比較好寫，一個(gè)實(shí)用易學(xué)的破解角度是"承合駁絕"，即承認(rèn)合理性，反駁絕對(duì)性。
三個(gè)主體段可以這么寫，
1.承認(rèn)合理性(這段也可以合并進(jìn)開頭段)：Visiting museums does have some advantages, i.e. a wide range of carefully selected and beautifully arranged materials;save time and money
2.指出不足：the amount of information in museums is limited and not as lively as when it is presented in real life. Besides, museums usually only provide a singe perspective on major historic events and modern issues.
3.提出更好的 (必要的邏輯環(huán)節(jié))：there are better ways to learn about a country like traveling to that country or talking with friends as well as strangers from that country.
另外兩種主體段分段可以是
1.承認(rèn)合理性
2.problem：the amount of information in museums is limited and not as lively as when it is presented in real life
solution: there are better ways to learn about a country like traveling to that country to see it yourself
3.problem: museums usually only provide a singe perspective on major historic events and modern issues.
Solution: talking with friends as well as strangers from that country provide you additional point of views
一邊倒
1.things in the museum do not look as lively as when it is presented in real life
2.the amount of information in museums is limited and doesn't reflect the diversity of people's interests
3.museums usually only provide a singe perspective on major historic events and modern issues.
如果同意，比較一些其它很好/很重要的方式(必要的邏輯環(huán)節(jié))，指出參觀博物館仍是最好的。
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