不定式的用法高二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法教案
作為一名老師,就難以避免地要準(zhǔn)備教案,教案是教材及大綱與課堂教學(xué)的紐帶和橋梁。那要怎么寫好教案呢?以下是小編收集整理的不定式的用法高二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法教案,僅供參考,歡迎大家閱讀。
動(dòng)詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征。因此在句中可以做主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。
一、不定式做主語(yǔ):
1、不定式做主語(yǔ)一般表示具體的某次動(dòng)作。===動(dòng)名詞doing 表示習(xí)慣的,經(jīng)常的`動(dòng)作。
e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.
To do such things is foolish.
To see is to believe. (對(duì)等)
注: 1). 不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)
2). 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng),謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí),常用it做形式主語(yǔ),而將不定式放到謂語(yǔ)的后面。
it做形式主語(yǔ),不定式放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中:
(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…
(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…
It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary
(3) it is +a +名詞+ to do...
It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do
It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…
It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…*注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表語(yǔ),但possible可以用不定式作真實(shí)主語(yǔ), 而probable不能用不定式作真實(shí)主語(yǔ)。
It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(錯(cuò))
It is possible for him to come to the meeting.
It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.
二、不定式做表語(yǔ)
主語(yǔ)是以aim duty hope idea intention plan job suggestion wish purpose task 等為中心詞的名詞詞組 或以 what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句表示,后面的不定式說明其內(nèi)容, 不定式作表語(yǔ)常表示將來或現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。
eg :My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.
Your mistake was not to write that letter.
What I would suggest is to start work at once.
三、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)
以不定式結(jié)構(gòu)為賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:
ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等只能用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)
口訣(接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞)
想要學(xué)習(xí) 早打算( want learn plan)
快準(zhǔn)備 有希望( prepare hope wish expect)
同意否 供選擇(agree offer choose)
決定了 已答應(yīng)(decide be determined promise)
盡力去 著手做(manage undertake)
別拒絕 別假裝(refuse pretend)
失敗不是屬于你(fail)
e.g.Tom refused to lend me his pen.
We hope to get there before dark.
The girl decided to do it herself.
注意:某些及物動(dòng)詞可用-ing也可用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)但意義不同的有
stop go on remember forget
regret try mean can’t help
be used to
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