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英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解及練習(xí)
非謂語(yǔ)：(to do/ doing / done) (By Yuan)
1.To do(to be done) / doing / done 作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：
To do(to be done)：作目的狀語(yǔ)，結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)(特定句型)
Doing(being done, having done )/done： 作伴隨、時(shí)間、原因、讓步、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)等。
1) complete the task ahead of time, they kept working throughout the night.
2) The spy broke into the bank, only find two policemen waiting for him with a gun.
3) He hurried back home, leave piles of work unfinished.
4) Defeat time and again, he still didn’t lose heart.
(分析：1)To/ In order to complete 目的 2)only to find 后接to do 形式,表示一種未預(yù)料的結(jié)果3)leaving 結(jié)果 4) Defeated讓步)
2.To do(to be done) / doing / done 作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：
To do(to be done)：多表示未完成的動(dòng)作，和某些特定句型
doing ：(being done)：表示正在進(jìn)行和經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作
done ：被動(dòng),完成的動(dòng)作和經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作
1)The commander gave an order attack the enemy before dawn.
2)Who were the first people reach American continent.
3)People live in this area feed on rice.
4)Areas strike by a hurricane are usually in a mess before things return to normal.
(分析：1)to attack 未完成 2)to reach特定句型first/ second等序數(shù)詞之后 3)living 主動(dòng)經(jīng)常性 4) struck/ stricken被動(dòng)、經(jīng)常性)
3.To do/to be done 與 to have done / to have been done: 后者表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主動(dòng)詞之前。
1) At the moment they are preparing for the concert hold in a fortnight time.
2) The novel is reported translate into German already.
3) He wished praise at the meeting held the day before.
4) I am glad____________(meet) you. I hope to see you soon.
(分析：1)to be held 2) to have been translated 3) to have been praised 4) to have met )
4.doing / being done / having done 與 done
doing ：主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài) being done：被動(dòng)、進(jìn)行或經(jīng)常性
having done：主動(dòng)，完成于主動(dòng)詞之前
done：被動(dòng)，完成的動(dòng)作、或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)
1)When heat , ice will turn into water.
2)While wander in the street, he came across an old friend of his.
3)The manager spoke at the conference, ___express his satisfaction with the project.
4)______wipe the table, the waitress asked the couple to be seated.
5)______raise geese for years, he became an expert at keeping geese.
6)The book _____ publish last month is on grammar.
7)The project _____ carry out these days is to be completed by the end of this year.
(分析: 1) heated 2) wandering 3) expressing 4) Having wiped 5) Having raised 6)published 7) being carried out )
5. 下列動(dòng)詞后只能接動(dòng)名詞(-ing)：suggest, finish, avoid, stop, can’t help, mind, enjoy, require, practise, miss, escape, pardon, advise, consider, imagine, keep, appreciate, escape, permit。
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