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成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試詞匯與語(yǔ)法
1、can
1)表能力時(shí)意味著憑體力或腦力或技術(shù)等可以無(wú)甚阻力地去做某事。
I can climb this pole. 我能爬這根桿子。
He is only four, but he can read. 他只有4歲,但已認(rèn)得字了。
2)表示推測(cè)語(yǔ)氣的用法時(shí),can只能用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句,用于否定句的時(shí)候必須要有充分的理由說(shuō)明。如:
Can he be at home? No, he can't be at home, because I met him in the street just 5 minutes ago.
他可能在家嗎?不,他不可能在家,因?yàn)槲?分鐘之前才在街上遇到他。
2、may (might)
1)表示請(qǐng)求、可以、允許。
You may drive the tractor. 你可以開(kāi)那臺(tái)拖拉機(jī)。
2)表建議(可和as well 連用)
You may (might) as well stay where you are.
你還是原地待著好。(may as well 有“還是……的好”的含義)
3)表可能(事實(shí)上)?梢灾高^(guò)去時(shí)間,也可以指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間,但語(yǔ)氣更加不肯定,只能用于肯定句和否定句。
He may be at home. 他可能在家。
She may not know about it. 她可能不知道這件事。
He was afraid they might not agree with him. 他擔(dān)心他們可能不同意他的意見(jiàn)。
They might be having a meeting, but I'm not sure. 他們有可能在開(kāi)會(huì),不過(guò)我不肯定。
3、must
1)表示必須、必要
We must do everything step by step. 我們必須按部就班地做一切事情。
2)must 的否定式有兩個(gè):當(dāng)回答由must引起的問(wèn)題時(shí),否定答復(fù)要用needn't或don't have to表示“不必”、“無(wú)須”、“用不著”
3)表示推測(cè)語(yǔ)氣的用法,意為“準(zhǔn)是、一定”等,只用于肯定句,并且要有充足的理由說(shuō)明。
He must have passed the exam, because he looked so happy.
他一定通過(guò)考試了,因?yàn)樗雌饋?lái)如此的開(kāi)心。
4. have to
have to的含義與must是很接近的,只是have to 比較強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要,must著重說(shuō)明主觀看法。
I must clean the room.(主觀想法)I have to clean the room.(客觀需要)
另外,have to 能用于更多時(shí)態(tài):
We had to be there at ten. 我們得在十點(diǎn)鐘到那里。
We will have to reconsider the whole thing. 這一切我們將不得不重新加以考慮。
have to 的否定式:don't have to do 表示“不必做……”之意。
5、would
1)表意愿。
They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed. 他們不讓他進(jìn)去因?yàn)樗轮婆f。
I said I would do anything for you. 我說(shuō)過(guò)我愿意為你做任何事。
2)表過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去的一種傾向。
Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help.
她每遇到麻煩都會(huì)向她求助。他告訴我盒子打不開(kāi)了。
6、ought to
表義務(wù),意為“應(yīng)該”(因責(zé)任、義務(wù)等該做),口氣比should稍重。
You are his father. You ought to take care of him. 你是他父親,應(yīng)當(dāng)管他。
You oughtn't to smoke so much. 你不應(yīng)該抽這么多煙。
7、used to
表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),現(xiàn)在不復(fù)發(fā)生或存在。疑問(wèn)式和否定式有兩種。
He used to live in the countryside, but now he lives in the city.他過(guò)去住在鄉(xiāng)下,現(xiàn)在住在城里。
There used to be a building at the street corner, but it has been pulled down.
街道拐角處過(guò)去有座樓房,現(xiàn)在拆了。
I usedn't (didn't use) to smoke. 我過(guò)去不抽煙。
Used you (Did you use) to go to school on foot? 你過(guò)去常步行去學(xué)校嗎?
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