新托福的口語(yǔ)應(yīng)試不可忽略的技巧
人類瞬時(shí)記憶的有限性,可以用速記方式加以彌補(bǔ)。新托福考試增加的口語(yǔ)部分就允許考生在聽、讀的同時(shí)作些筆記。
這對(duì)考生在緊張的狀態(tài)下產(chǎn)生的聽時(shí)明白聽后忘;讀時(shí)明白讀完忘的現(xiàn)象確實(shí)是一個(gè)有益的幫助?於鴾(zhǔn)的筆記能幫助考生準(zhǔn)確地回憶剛剛讀到、聽到的內(nèi)容,進(jìn)而使考生能用恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確地回答問(wèn)題以取得滿意的成績(jī)。因而,培養(yǎng)一種高效的速記能力在新托?荚囍胁粌H顯得至關(guān)重要,而且勢(shì)在必行。
考試中運(yùn)用怎樣的速記方法因人而異,你甚至可以自創(chuàng)一套獨(dú)特的、只有自己可以辨認(rèn)的速記符號(hào),但關(guān)鍵的問(wèn)題是你的速記要有助于你迅速而準(zhǔn)確地回想起一次性聽到的、讀到的東西。所以,快而準(zhǔn)就成了迅速記筆記所應(yīng)遵循的準(zhǔn)則。
下面就為大家列舉一些常用的筆記符號(hào):
Meaning
go on, continue, last, lead to, cause, result in, make, produce, stretch, develop, to the right
come from, result from, go back, withdraw, shorten, to the left
go up, increase, rise, raise, get up, arise, evaporate, fly
go down, decrease, lower, reduce, decline, sediment, save up, deposit
because
so, therefore, thus
plus, and also, in addition
equal, equal to, is
not equal, not equal to, is not
about, approximately, probably, more or less
larger than, bigger than, greater than, more than
smaller than, less than
percent
at, each
section
question
dollar, money, cost, price
RMB(人民幣)
pound(英鎊)
Centigrade
Fahrenheit
copy right
registered
trade mark
Euro(歐元)
paragraph
foot, feet
to, two, too
with(something)
without
that is
for example, for instance, like, such as
et cetera, so on , so forth
because
especially
minimum
maximum
government
as soon as possible
difference, different
作記錄并不等于毫無(wú)遺漏地將聽到看到的每一個(gè)詞都記錄下來(lái),那既是不必要的,也是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的、不可能的,特別是在新托福的口語(yǔ)考試中。作記錄應(yīng)著重那些能反映關(guān)鍵信息的關(guān)鍵詞,能反映中心意義的核心句。先將它們符號(hào)化,然后再將這些符號(hào)還原成先前聽到或讀到的內(nèi)容。請(qǐng)看下面的.例子:
例如:
In 1337, a terrible war began between England and France, and this war continued for almost a hundred years.
記錄:1337,E war F 100yrs
速記實(shí)際上是我們突破記憶障礙的一種手段,是對(duì)記憶的一種補(bǔ)充,是對(duì)自己的一種提醒,因此,在作記錄時(shí)應(yīng)注意:
1、所運(yùn)用的符號(hào)應(yīng)盡量簡(jiǎn)單,要便于快速書寫;
2、自己創(chuàng)建的縮略語(yǔ)、符號(hào)等自己要能識(shí)別;
3、要按聽、讀材料的內(nèi)容順序記錄關(guān)鍵詞和關(guān)鍵信息;
4、作成的筆記可以串成與材料內(nèi)容相符的句子;
5、平時(shí)要多練習(xí),保證眼耳手嘴并用,聽說(shuō)讀寫結(jié)合,并嚴(yán)格按考試要求的時(shí)間操練。
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