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專(zhuān)業(yè)四級(jí)考試作文常用引導(dǎo)句匯總
引導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：專(zhuān)業(yè)四級(jí)考試作文常用引導(dǎo)句匯總，由應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生培訓(xùn)網(wǎng)整理而成，謝謝您的閱讀，祝您閱讀愉快。
一、When asked about..., the vast / overwhelmingmajority of / most / many / quite a few people say /think / believe / answer that.... But other peopleregard / view / see / think of.. . as.... / I think /viewquite / a bit differently.
如：
1.When asked about the biggest problem today, many people say that it is the seriousenergy crisis. They are afraid that the world will soon run out of oil and run short of food. Butother people hold optimistic views: they regard it as a natural result of the economicdevelopment and believe it will be only solved with further advances in economyand technology.
當(dāng)問(wèn)起世界上現(xiàn)在最大的問(wèn)題是什么，許多人說(shuō)是嚴(yán)重的能源危機(jī)。他們擔(dān)心人類(lèi)不久會(huì)用完石油、發(fā)生食品短缺!但有些人則持樂(lè)觀的看法。他們把能源危機(jī)看成是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的自然結(jié)果，而且只有隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展才能得以解決。
2. When asked what kind of career they will pursue upon graduation, mist college studentssay that they would choose a job which will bring them lot of money and a conformable life.Working in a big bank or company is what they desire. But I think quite differently. I wouldprefer a career which will help realize my potentials.
當(dāng)問(wèn)起畢業(yè)后干什么，大多數(shù)大學(xué)生說(shuō)，他們會(huì)找一個(gè)能給他們帶來(lái)許多錢(qián)和舒適生活的工作。在一家大銀行或大的公司里工作是他們所向往的。但是我的想法大不相同。我要選擇一個(gè)能夠發(fā)揮我的才能的職業(yè)。
二、When It comes to..., some people think / believethat.... Others argue / claim that the opposite /reverse is true.There Is probably some truth in both arguments /statements , but....
1.When it comes to international sport such as theOlympic Games and the World Cup soccer game,some people believe that it creates goodwillbetween the nations and that if countries play gamestogether they will learn to live together. Others saythat the opposite is true: that international contests encourage false national pride and lead inmisunderstanding and hatred. There is probably a little bit of truth in both arguments, but inrecent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourageinternational brotherhood.
當(dāng)說(shuō)到國(guó)際體育比賽，諸如奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)和世界杯足球賽，有些人認(rèn)為它能增進(jìn)國(guó)與國(guó)之間的友善。如果許多國(guó)家在一起比賽交流，他們就會(huì)知道怎么一起生活。但另一些人則持相反的觀點(diǎn)。他們認(rèn)為國(guó)際體育競(jìng)賽只會(huì)造成虛假的民族自豪感，導(dǎo)致相互間的誤解和仇恨。這兩種觀點(diǎn)可能都有點(diǎn)道理，但是從最近幾年的奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)來(lái)看，很少能證明體育運(yùn)動(dòng)可以增進(jìn)國(guó)與國(guó)之間的友好感情。
2. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to livelonger than in the past. Yet when it comes to the desirability of extending the life of theterminally ill, some people, including some doctors, say that the quality of life is as important aslife itself, and that people should in be forced to go on living when the conditions of life havebecome unbearable. They argue that people should be allowed to die with dignity and decidewhen they want to die. However those who are in favor of life-extending measures argue thatlife under any circumstances is better than death and that the duty of doctors is always toextend life as long as possible. There is probably some truth on both sides, but recently thepublic clamor for the legalization of voluntary euthanasia seem increasingly strong.
在最近幾十年，醫(yī)學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步使得人類(lèi)有可能比過(guò)去活得長(zhǎng)了。但是當(dāng)論及延長(zhǎng)一個(gè)無(wú)可挽救、瀕臨死亡的人的生命是否必要時(shí)，有些人，包括有些醫(yī)生認(rèn)為生命的質(zhì)量和生命本身同樣重要;當(dāng)病情已變得不堪忍受了，就不應(yīng)迫使這些人再活下去。他們堅(jiān)持說(shuō)應(yīng)允許一個(gè)人尊嚴(yán)地死去，允許他們決定什么時(shí)候死。但是贊成采取延長(zhǎng)生命的方法的人認(rèn)為在任何情況下生總比死好;一個(gè)醫(yī)生的責(zé)任就是盡可能延長(zhǎng)一個(gè)人的生命�；蛟S雙方都有點(diǎn)道理，但是最近公眾要求對(duì)自愿安樂(lè)死合法化的呼聲似乎越來(lái)越高。
三、 There is a public / general / much debate /discussion / controversy today / nowadays on/ about / over / as to the problem / issue of.... Those who criticize / oppose / object to /contend / argue ... that....They believe that ....But people who advocate / favor ..., on theother hand, maintain / assert that....
1.There is much discussion today about whether fast economic growth is desirable. Thosewho criticize economic growth argue that we must slow down. They believe that society isapproaching certain limits on growth. These include the fixed supply of natural resources, andthe possible negative effects of industry on the natural environment. People who want moreeconomic growth, on the other hand, argue that even at thepresent growth rate, there are stillmany poor people, They maintain that only continued growth can create the capital needed toimprove the quality of life and provide the financial resources required to protect our naturalsurroundings from industrialization.
現(xiàn)在圍繞快速的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展是否應(yīng)該正展開(kāi)一場(chǎng)熱烈的討論。那些持反對(duì)意見(jiàn)者認(rèn)為我們必須放慢發(fā)展速度。他們說(shuō)發(fā)展已接近某種極限!這其中包括有限的自然資源供應(yīng)和工業(yè)對(duì)環(huán)境造成的消極影響。然而要求更快發(fā)展的人則認(rèn)為，即使按目前的發(fā)展速度還是有許多窮人。他們認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)快速發(fā)展才能創(chuàng)造提高生活質(zhì)量所必需的資本，才能提供用來(lái)保護(hù)環(huán)境不受工業(yè)化破壞的資金。
2.There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of collegestudents' doing a part-time job. Those who object to it argue that students should not spendtheir precious time in this way. But people who advocate it, on the other hand, claim that, bytaking a major-related part-time job or summer job, students can not only improve theiracademic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from thetextbooks.
關(guān)于大學(xué)生打工這一現(xiàn)象，校園里正展開(kāi)一場(chǎng)討論。反對(duì)大學(xué)生打工的人指出大學(xué)生不應(yīng)該把寶貴的時(shí)間花在這上面。然而贊成者則認(rèn)為，通過(guò)從事一些與專(zhuān)業(yè)有關(guān)的工作，可以提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)，還可獲得到書(shū)本上得不到的許多經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
四、Now, It is commonly / generally / widelybelieved / thought / held / accepted / felt /recognized / acknowledged that....They claim / believe / argue that ....But I wonder / doubt whether ...
1.It is commonly believed that the rise in teenagesmoking is the inevitable result of economicdevelopment. They argue that if there are nocigarette advertisement on TV, no cigarettes available everywhere, and no adequate pocketmoney, teenagers are unlikely to take up the habit of smoking. But I doubt that it is asatisfactory explanation. While conceding the effect of advertising and other commercialfactors, I think that the primary cause is social and individual rather than economic.
人們普遍認(rèn)為青少年吸煙人數(shù)上升是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不可避免的結(jié)果。他們認(rèn)為：如果電視上沒(méi)有香煙廣告，香煙不是到處可買(mǎi)得到，孩子的零用錢(qián)不是很多的話(huà)，青少年不太可能染上吸煙的習(xí)慣。但我懷疑這是否是一個(gè)滿(mǎn)意的解釋。雖然有廣告和其它商業(yè)因素的影響，我認(rèn)為主要原因是社會(huì)和個(gè)人因素而不是經(jīng)濟(jì)上的。
2.It is widely felt that there is a fear plainly uppermost in the minds of most people today.They are afraid of the future, and if you ask them why, they conveniently blame the atomicbomb. But I suspect that the nuclear weapon is only the scapegoat for our fears. We are notafraid of the future because of a bomb. We are afraid of bombs because we have no faith in thefuture. I believe people no longer have faith in our ability to control our own future.
人們普遍感到現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人明顯地有一種恐懼感。他們怕將來(lái)。如果問(wèn)他們?yōu)槭裁磁�，他們�?huì)很隨意地怪原子彈。但我懷疑，核武器不過(guò)是我們害怕的替罪羊。我們怕將來(lái)不是因?yàn)橛辛嗽訌�，說(shuō)我們怕原子禪，實(shí)際上是對(duì)未來(lái)沒(méi)有信心。我認(rèn)為人們對(duì)自己是否有能力控制將來(lái)已喪失信心了。
五、 To the general public / To most people / Inthe popular mind / In most people's opinion ....But despite / in spite of / for all .... I believe.... / one should ...
1.In the popular mind, it is immediately assumedthat when morals are discussed, it is sexual moralsthat are meant. The morals of salesmen, doctors,and taxi drivers are only moderately interesting tothe general public, while the relations between men and women are frequent themes in novelsand movies, themes which no amount of repetition makes stale. Yet in spite of this immensepreoccupation with sex, much attention should be drawn to the general moral standards.
當(dāng)討論起道德問(wèn)題時(shí)，大多數(shù)人會(huì)立即認(rèn)為是指性道德。一方面售貨員、醫(yī)生和出租車(chē)司機(jī)的職業(yè)道德不大為公眾所關(guān)心，而另一方面男女間的關(guān)系卻是小說(shuō)和電影中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的主題，再怎么不斷重復(fù)也不會(huì)失去其新鮮感。因此盡管人們對(duì)性的題目津津樂(lè)道，我認(rèn)為應(yīng)注意整個(gè)道德水平。
2.To most Chinese parents, college is a place their children should go. And their children, forthe most part, are also anxious to go. It is in Chinese tradition that there is something about acollege that transfers an ordinary child into a superior adult. But in spite of this belief, menand women who have been to college suspect that this is not the case.
大多數(shù)中國(guó)父母看來(lái)，大學(xué)是他們的子女應(yīng)該去的地方。而他們的孩子在大多數(shù)情況下也渴望上大學(xué)。中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)是大學(xué)能把一個(gè)普普通通的孩子培養(yǎng)成一個(gè)超人一等的人。但是盡管人們有這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，凡是讀過(guò)大學(xué)的人卻認(rèn)為情況并非如此。
六、Now a lot of / the majority of / many / mostpeople believe / think / feel that....But although / Admittedly, ... there is no / littleevidence that / it is questioned /doubted ...
1.A lot of people believe that television has aharmful effect on children. A few years ago, the samecriticisms were made of the cinema. But althoughchild psychologists have spent a great deal of timestudying this problem, there is not much evidencethat television brings about juvenile delinquency.
許多人都認(rèn)為電視會(huì)給孩子帶來(lái)危害。前幾年，對(duì)電影也有類(lèi)似的指責(zé)。然而盡管青少年心理學(xué)者花了許多時(shí)間來(lái)研究這個(gè)問(wèn)題，卻很少有證據(jù)表明電視造成了青少年犯罪。
2.Most people believe that our society of consumption creates the greatest happiness for thegreatest number. Although this view is widely held, there is little evidence that Money bringsabout happiness. Instead, we find our present way of life leads to increasing anxiety,helplessness, and, eventually, to the disintegration of our culture. I refuse to identifyconsumption with joy and fun with happiness.
許多人認(rèn)為，我們這個(gè)消費(fèi)社會(huì)給絕大多數(shù)人帶來(lái)了最大的幸福。盡管人們普遍這樣認(rèn)為，卻很少有證據(jù)表明錢(qián)能給人帶來(lái)幸福。相反，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，現(xiàn)在的全活方式使人越來(lái)越感到焦慮不安，孤立無(wú)援，最終導(dǎo)致我們文化的崩潰。我不認(rèn)為消費(fèi)就是快樂(lè)，玩樂(lè)就是幸福。
3.There is some feeling nowadays that reading is not as necessary as it once was. Radio andespecially television have taken over many of the functions once served by print. Admittedly,television serves some of these functions extremely well; the visual communication of newsevents, for example, has enormous impact. The ability of radio to give us information while weare engaged in doing other things ------ for instance, driving a car ------ is remarkable, anda great saving of time. But it may be seriously questioned whether the advent of moderncommunications media has much enhanced our intellectual skills.
現(xiàn)在有些人覺(jué)得，閱讀沒(méi)有像過(guò)去那樣有必要了。無(wú)線電廣播，尤其電視已代替了曾經(jīng)由印刷所起的許多作用。確實(shí)，電視極好地發(fā)揮了其中的一些功能，如新聞通過(guò)圖像來(lái)傳送有很大的影響。無(wú)線電廣播能使我們邊干事，如開(kāi)車(chē)，邊收聽(tīng)消息，真是了不起，且可節(jié)約許多時(shí)間。但是人們或許會(huì)認(rèn)真發(fā)問(wèn)，這些現(xiàn)代傳播媒體的出現(xiàn)是否已提高了我們的知識(shí)技能。
七、.... In reaction / response / answer to theevent / phenomenon / idea / question , somepeople say / think ....But do they realize...?
1.Now most people get their news and informationabout the things that are happening at home andabroad from television. They believe the things theyhear and see on television. Probably most of theinformation is true, and we can believe it. But shallwe always believe the information which television gives us? Do we never suspect that the giveninformation might be slanted, distorted or the truth totally denied?
現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人都是從電視上知道國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)生的事和新聞的。他們都相信在電視上看到和聽(tīng)到的事。大多數(shù)消息可能是真的，我們能相信。但是我們是否總是要相信電視給我們的消息呢?難道我們從不懷疑所給的消息可能有偏見(jiàn)，或已歪曲了，或真相已被徹底隱瞞了?
2.In the past few years big business has fallen to a low level in public esteem. A recent Galluppoll shows that big business came in last, in terms of the quality of the products, among allthe enterprises which sell household appliances in Shanghai; at the top of the list were smallbusiness or business from small towns. in response to the poll, many businessmen argue thatthis public attitude is due to the inadequacy of their advertising and can be cured by steppingup their advertising campaigns. They are only fooling themselves. Do they realize that the realproblem for their loss of public respect is what they have been doing, not what they have beensaying about themselves?
在過(guò)去幾年里，大企業(yè)在公眾中的信譽(yù)已下降到一個(gè)低水平。最近的蓋洛普民意測(cè)驗(yàn)表明，就產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量來(lái)說(shuō)在上海出售家用電器的所有企業(yè)中，大企業(yè)位居榜末，而小企業(yè)或鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)名列前茅。對(duì)此許多大企業(yè)人士認(rèn)為公眾的這種態(tài)度是由于廣告宣傳不夠造成的，只要加大廣告宣傳聲勢(shì)，就會(huì)扭轉(zhuǎn)局面。這是在自欺欺人。難道他們沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)到失去公眾信譽(yù)的真正問(wèn)題在于他們所做的，而不是所說(shuō)的?
八、 The / Its method / way / value / wisdom s nowbeing questioned / challenged by more and morepeople.
1.Throwing criminals in jail is an ancient andwidespread method of punishment, but is it a wiseone? It does seem reasonable to keep wrongdoersin a place where they find fewer opportunities to hurtinnocent people, and where they might discoverthat crime doesn't pay. The system has long beenconsidered fair and sound by those who want to seethe guilty punished and society protected. Yet thevalue of this form of justice is now being questioned by more and more people.
把罪犯丟進(jìn)監(jiān)獄是個(gè)古老又被廣泛采用的懲罰方法。但這個(gè)方法是否明智?把做壞事的人關(guān)在一個(gè)地方，使他們沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)再損害無(wú)辜的人，使他們感到犯罪劃不來(lái)，似乎確實(shí)有道理。這種制度一直被那些希望罪惡得到懲罰，社會(huì)得到保護(hù)的人視為公平而有效。但是這種司法形式的合理性現(xiàn)在正受到越來(lái)越多的人的質(zhì)疑。
2.Required class attendance, like an old custom, is so common in in Chinese colleges anduniversities that many teachers and even students themselves simply assume it is a goodthing. But is it a wise method? It does contribute to the rise in the number of studentsattending class. But is there any proven co-relation between attendance and performance in acourse? The value of required attendance is now being questioned by more and more teachersand students.
上課點(diǎn)名制，如同一種古老習(xí)俗，在中國(guó)的大學(xué)里非常普遍，許多教師甚至學(xué)生自己都認(rèn)為這種做法是對(duì)的。但這種方法是否明智?上課點(diǎn)名確實(shí)有助于學(xué)生出勤率的上升，但是到教室上課和這個(gè)學(xué)生在這門(mén)課上的學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)，兩者之間是否已證實(shí)有聯(lián)系?上課點(diǎn)名制度的合理性已受到越來(lái)越多的教師和學(xué)生的懷疑。
九、These days we often hear about....They claim / argue / say that....But has / is it?Close examination / analysis / scrutiny doesn'tbear out the claim. / argument.
1.These days we often hear about "the classlesssociety". They say that all men are equal, and theycan enjoy the same educational and job opportunities, and the distinction between rich andpoor has lost. But has it? Close examination doesn't bear out the claim.
近來(lái)我們一直聽(tīng)到關(guān)于“無(wú)階級(jí)社會(huì)”的說(shuō)法。他們稱(chēng)人人平等他們都享受同等的教育機(jī)會(huì)和工作機(jī)會(huì);窮人和富人的界限已經(jīng)消失。果真如此嗎?略細(xì)分析一下，就證明這種觀點(diǎn)站不住腳。
2.These days I have heard many exasperated students and working adults alike express astrong desire to take an English course and a computer course. They believe that suchknowledge will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities. But will it? Theinformation I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may beless useful than most people think.
這些日子我聽(tīng)到不少因?qū)W習(xí)或工作而感到痛苦的學(xué)生和工人表示要上英語(yǔ)課或電腦課的強(qiáng)烈愿望。他們認(rèn)為這些知識(shí)會(huì)增加他們找工作、晉級(jí)的機(jī)會(huì)。是這樣嗎?從我最近幾年得到的材料來(lái)看，我認(rèn)為這些知識(shí)并不像大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為的那么有用。
十、We are often shown / told these daysthat....But is this really the case?
1.We are often told that technological know-how,acquired in exploring space, will be utilized to makelife better on earth. Is this really the case? What hasthe space exploration done to relieve the sufferingof the earth's starving millions? In what way has itraised the standard of living of anyone of us? Man may put human beings on the moon, butthere is growing skepticism about his ability to solve human problems closer to home.
我們經(jīng)常聽(tīng)說(shuō)在探索空間中獲得的技術(shù)知識(shí)將用來(lái)改善我們地球上的人的生活。情況真的如此嗎?太空探索對(duì)減輕地球上正在挨餓的千百萬(wàn)人的痛苦到底做了什么呢?它從什么方面提高了我們的生活水平呢?人類(lèi)能夠把人自己送上月球，但人們?cè)絹?lái)越懷疑其解決地球上人自己?jiǎn)栴}的能力。
十一、Recently the rise in / phenomenon of /problem of / question of ... has drawn /aroused public / popular / grave / world-wideattention / caused /aroused wide / general /considerable / international concern / arisen/loomed up /cropped up as controversial /asnoteworthy/more distinctly for settlement
1.Recently, the alarm about the problem of theuse of genetic technologies on human beings havecaused wide public concern, and understandably so.With nuclear energy threatening globalcatastrophe and with so many other technological advances visibly damaging the quality oflife, who would wish to have scientists tampering with man's inner nature? Indeed, fear of suchmanipulation may amuse even more anxiety than fear of death.
最近，有關(guān)把遺傳技術(shù)用于人類(lèi)自身而產(chǎn)生的問(wèn)題的警示已引起了公眾的廣泛關(guān)注。這是可以理解的。核能開(kāi)發(fā)正威脅著全球的生存，其它許多技術(shù)進(jìn)步也正明顯地危害生活的質(zhì)量。在這種情況下，誰(shuí)還會(huì)希望科學(xué)家來(lái)任意改變?nèi)梭w內(nèi)部機(jī)能呢?確實(shí)，害怕對(duì)人的操縱所引起的擔(dān)憂(yōu)可能會(huì)超過(guò)對(duì)死亡的害怕。
2.Recently psychologists have found only about two percent of adults use their creativity,compared with ten percent of seven-year-old children. When five-year-olds were tested, theresult soared to ninety percent! The findings set off many people thinking. Curiosity andoriginality are daily occurrences for the small child, but somehowmost of us lose the freedomand flexibility of the child as we grow older. The need to follow "directions" and "do-it-right",plus the many societal constraints we put on ourselves, prevent us from using our creativepotential.
最近，心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)在使用自己創(chuàng)造力方面，成人只有2%，而7歲的兒童竟有10%。如果在5歲的兒童中測(cè)試，這個(gè)數(shù)上升到90%。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)引起許多人思索。好奇心和創(chuàng)造性每天可在小孩子身上發(fā)現(xiàn)，而當(dāng)我們逐步長(zhǎng)大成人，多數(shù)人喪失了孩子的那種自由和靈活性。“按常規(guī)去做”，“按正確的去做”，以及種種社會(huì)的清規(guī)戒律把我們束縛住了，使我們無(wú)法發(fā)揮自己的創(chuàng)造潛力。
十二、Recently the issue / problem / question of... hasbeen in the limelight. / brought into focus. / broughtto public attention. / posed among the generalpublic.
1.The problem of development vs. environmenthas now been in the limelight. Nowhere is the clashmore visible than in China, where the world's largestpopulation faces pollution, deforestation and acidrain on a large scale.
現(xiàn)在發(fā)展與環(huán)境的問(wèn)題已成為人們議論的中心。在中國(guó)這對(duì)矛盾表現(xiàn)得尤為明顯。這個(gè)世界上人口最多的國(guó)家正面臨著大量的環(huán)境污染、森林減少以及酸雨的襲擊。
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