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專四作文高分技巧
引導(dǎo)語:下面小編為大家?guī)韺K膶懽鞲叻旨记桑M軌驇椭蠹,謝謝您的閱讀。
一、審題
磨刀不誤砍柴工。在落筆前花兩三分鐘時間進(jìn)行構(gòu)思,既有利于理清行文思路、也避免了差之毫厘、失之千里的遺憾。尤其是在應(yīng)對圖表類作文時,我們更是要看清圖表,牢牢把握各個數(shù)據(jù)的變化和相互關(guān)系,才能夠下筆。否則張冠李戴,即使文章本身再不同凡響、語驚四座,也只會竹籃打水、甚至起到適得其反的效果。
二、心理
古人云,不戰(zhàn)而屈人之兵,很大程度上取決于心理因素。隨著考試改革的深入,會有更多,更新,更難的題目,包括作文題目出現(xiàn),這樣就要求我們有處驚不變的能力。即使是出現(xiàn)某種沒有預(yù)料到的題型,考生也應(yīng)該及時調(diào)整心態(tài)、從容不迫地應(yīng)答。事實(shí)上,歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)證明:題目要求越是高,難度越是大,考生的發(fā)揮余地也就越大。挑戰(zhàn)和機(jī)遇是成正相關(guān)的。
三、評分
知己知彼,百戰(zhàn)不怠。熟悉老師的評分習(xí)慣,對于考生正常、甚至是超常發(fā)揮自身水平也十分有益。正常情況下,閱卷老師要領(lǐng)會貫徹考試規(guī)定的評分原則,依照文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和語言水平進(jìn)行評分。然而,除此以外,有“兩個基本點(diǎn)”我們也需要給予足夠的重視——閃光點(diǎn)和語法點(diǎn)。在一篇出類拔萃的范文中,我們往往可以看到像提問法、諺語總結(jié)法、從句、并列句、理由段公式、理由詞匯、路線句型、插入語、名詞化、和被動語態(tài)等等閃光點(diǎn);而在一篇低分例文中,基本的語言錯誤則多得數(shù)不勝數(shù)。
四、卷面
先發(fā)制人、取得先機(jī)。對于像作文這樣的主觀題而言,考生與閱卷老師從來就猶如搏弈,無形中彼此互動、相互影響。一個考生可以做的,首先是通過卷面給閱卷老師下意識地傳達(dá)個人信息。用筆的顏色(深藍(lán)色使人心情放松愉快,不過要注意考場用筆規(guī)定哦)、粗細(xì)(粗線條給人以安全感),整齊劃一的格式(段首或一律頂格或一律空兩格),明了的段落感(每段空一行),清晰的字?jǐn)?shù)感(一行以十字為宜),工整的字跡都會給任何閱讀者留下深刻的正面印象,從而使考生先發(fā)制人、取得先機(jī)。
五、結(jié)構(gòu)
有始有終、首尾照應(yīng),是任何一篇好文章的基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一,也是兩大評分原則之一。如果說廣大考生已經(jīng)給第一段以足夠重視的話,那么是不是大多數(shù)考生都意識到了理由段的條理和最后一段的呼應(yīng)在全文中所具有的不可忽視的地位了呢?其實(shí),要寫好理由段,我們只需要注意表示啟承轉(zhuǎn)合的銜接詞即可。而要寫好結(jié)尾,最好的方法莫過于溫故而知新,回顧第一段的大致內(nèi)容了。
六、表達(dá)
言之無文,行而不遠(yuǎn)。語言作為評分原則中的基本要素之一,在專四作文評分的整個過程中具有決定性作用。有評分老師甚至斷言:“It is not what you say, it is the way that you say it。”(重要的并不在于考生寫了些什么,而在于考生是怎么表達(dá)的。)雖然這種說法本身似乎有失偏頗,可是參加過國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化英語考試的同學(xué)應(yīng)該也聽說過那么一句話,叫做:“Give the monkey exactly what he wants。”(給閱卷老師最想要的。),不是嗎?譬如同樣是描述數(shù)據(jù),一些同學(xué)拘泥于圖表本身,動輒按部就班地引用圖表上現(xiàn)成的數(shù)字和年代,其實(shí)這都是圖表作文的忌諱。聰明的同學(xué)引而不用,他們常喜歡用倍數(shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)、小數(shù)、百分比、或者一些動詞(double / triple / quadruple)來表現(xiàn)極端數(shù)據(jù),動態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)以及他們的相異之處。
七、檢查
行百里者半九十。一篇成功的作文少不了反復(fù)推敲、一再修改。然而,由于考試時間和條件等諸多因素的限制,考生絕對需要慎重對待作文的檢查和修改。這里,我不得不提考生檢查作文時的三大“通病”,即,數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)、孤芳自賞、和做結(jié)構(gòu)與內(nèi)容上的修改。我們必須明確:考試作文的潤色和修改只需要達(dá)到三個目的即可:1. 拼寫正確,看文章中是否有漢字、多余符號、糊亂涂改、劃線、和錯別字;2. 搭配正確;和3. 語法正確,特別是人稱、時態(tài)、和單復(fù)數(shù)的三"一致"。
延伸閱讀:專四作文模板精選
一、對比選擇型
1、適合Advantage / Disadvantage題型
People’s views towards the advantages and disadvantages of 主題詞 vary greatly. Some believe that 觀點(diǎn)1 , while others support that 觀點(diǎn)2 . As for me, I agree to the latter idea because its advantages outweigh its disadvantages.
There are dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 論據(jù)一. 理由一.
The second reason that can be seen by every person is that 論據(jù)二. For example, 理由二.
From the above, we can easily see that 主題詞 is beneficial to 總結(jié)理由一二.
2、適合Yes / No題型
It has long been a contentious issue as to whether 題目陳述. Some people are of the opinion that 觀點(diǎn)一, while others point out that 觀點(diǎn)二. As far as I am concerned, the latter opinion holds more weight.
For one thing, 論據(jù)一. 理由一.
For another, 論據(jù)二. 理由二.
Now, after close examination, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn). Therefore, as a university student, we should 提出意見.
3、適合A / B題型
Nowadays, 通過想象引出話題. As a result, some people are worried that A與B之間的矛盾. However, I don’t think their concerns are necessary, because A has some exclusive advantages over B.
First of all, A 與 B比較優(yōu)勢一. A 的優(yōu)點(diǎn). However, B的缺點(diǎn).
Furthermore, A 與B比較優(yōu)勢二. For example, 舉例說明優(yōu)勢二.
Last but not least, A 與B比較優(yōu)勢三. A的優(yōu)點(diǎn). In contrast, B 的缺點(diǎn).
In short, A has some merits that B doesn’t have. Therefore, 結(jié)論.
二、給定觀點(diǎn)型
Nowadays, with 現(xiàn)象, people are becoming increasingly aware of the significance of 主題詞. In my point of view, 把標(biāo)題變?yōu)殛愂鼍? There are numerous reasons to support my point of view, and I would explore only a few of the most important ones here.
One of the primary causes is that 理由一. If you look around, you will always find that 舉例證明一.
Another reason that can be seen by every person is that 理由二. A good case in point is 舉例證明二.
So from what has been discussed, one can reach only this conclusion that 結(jié)論. Therefore, 提出建議.
三、自由發(fā)揮型
1、適合The Best Way型
Nowadays, it is a heatedly discussed topic that 引出話題. People have put forward various ways, such as 例一,例二,例三, etc. As for me, the best way to 主題詞 is 論點(diǎn).
The benefits for my ideas can be generalized to two major ones. First of all, 理由一. Suppose if 提出假想例子證明理由一.
Another benefit is that 理由二. Suppose if 提出假想例子證明理由一.
In conclusion, 總結(jié). So 提出建議.
2、My Idea型
This problem is a much debated one in that it affects almost everybody in their daily lives. As a college student, I think that 論點(diǎn).
To begin with, 理由一. 證明理由一.
A further reason why I support this is that 理由二. There is a good evidence to show that 證明理由二.
From what has been discussed above, a conclusion can be drawn that 結(jié)論. I wish 提出希望.
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