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英語(yǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)閱讀理解話題及其應(yīng)對(duì)策略
閱讀理解過程并非僅僅是被動(dòng)的、單向的、解碼的過程,而是主動(dòng)的、雙向的、交流的過程。閱讀時(shí)不斷作出預(yù)測(cè),然后不斷加以驗(yàn)證和修正,再不斷進(jìn)一步作出預(yù)測(cè),如此不斷循環(huán)反復(fù),形成讀者與作者交流互動(dòng)的過程。下面是小編為大家收集的英語(yǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)閱讀理解話題及其應(yīng)對(duì)策略,希望能夠幫助到大家。
一、英語(yǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)閱讀理解十大話題
社會(huì)話題:如商場(chǎng)偷竊(2004),體育商業(yè)化(2002)
教育話題:如兒童擇校(2001),大學(xué)教育(1997),教學(xué)方法(1997),
科技話題:如輕型飛機(jī)(1993), 昆蟲思維(1994),
人物傳記;某小說家(1992),個(gè)人歷史(1996),姓氏溯源(2000)
歷史研究:北愛爾蘭問題(1992),法國(guó)變化(1993)
婦女話題:夫妻關(guān)系(2001),家電與婦女(2002)
種族話題:民族矛盾(1998)
自然話題:雪崩(1996),海嘯(1997),潮汐(1992)
健康話題:飲酒與心臟病(1995),
經(jīng)濟(jì)話題:如瑞士銀行(2000),中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)(2004)
二、閱讀理解五種材料
說明文、記敘文、議論文、描寫文、應(yīng)用文 (尤其是新聞報(bào)道)
三、題型分析及應(yīng)對(duì)策略
1.主旨類
(1)What is the main idea (subject) of this passage ?
(2)What does this passage mainly (primarily)concerned ?
(3)The main theme of this passage is ___________.
(4)The main point of the passage is__________. (5)Which of the following is the best title for the passage ?
(6)The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is ___________.
(7)On which of the following subject would the passage most likely be found in a textbook ? (8)The purpose of the writer in writing this passage _________.
(9)Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole ?
應(yīng)對(duì)策略:跳讀(skimming)文章的開頭、結(jié)尾及段落的首句和尾句。主旨應(yīng)該是宏觀的,但有不能失之空泛。
2.態(tài)度類
(1)What’s the writer’s attitude to …?
(2)What’s the tone of the passage?
(3)The author’s view is _______
(4)The writer’s attitude of .this passage is apparently _________-
(5)The author suggests that _________
(6)According to author __________
應(yīng)對(duì)策略:有的文章觀點(diǎn)明確,基調(diào)清楚,這時(shí)跳讀(skimming)文章的開頭、結(jié)尾及段落的首句和尾句。而另一些則需要閱讀時(shí)對(duì)某些細(xì)節(jié)仔細(xì)琢磨。尤其應(yīng)注意有些表明作者觀點(diǎn)詞匯,如形容詞、副詞等。
3.細(xì)節(jié)類
(1)Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage?
(2) Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
(3) What is the example of . . . as described in the passage?
(4) The author mentions all of the following except . . .
(5) The reason for . . .is . . .
(6) The author states that . . .
(7) According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, etc. ) ...
應(yīng)對(duì)策略:尋讀(scanning)出現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞的相應(yīng)段落,四個(gè)答案中相同的詞即為關(guān)鍵詞。仔細(xì)對(duì)比答案與文中相應(yīng)細(xì)節(jié)。
4.推理類
(1)The writer implies but not directly states that__________-.
(2) It can be inferred from the passage that_________.
(3) The author strongly suggests that__________ .
(4) It can be concluded from the passage that________.
(5) The passage is intended to__________ .
(6)The writer indicates that__________ .
應(yīng)對(duì)策略:推理類題,可能是針對(duì)文章整體也可能是針對(duì)某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。如果是前者,跳讀(skimming)文章的開頭、結(jié)尾及段落的首句和尾句。即可得出答案。如果是后者,尋讀(scanning)相應(yīng)段落并仔細(xì)研讀相應(yīng)細(xì)節(jié)。
5.詞匯類
(1)According to the author ,the word "…"means_______.
(2)Which of the following is nearest in meaning to "…"?
(3)The term ".."in paragraph… can be best replaced by ….
(4)What’s the meaning of "…"in line …of paragraph….?
(5)As used in the line …, the word "…"refers to _______.
應(yīng)對(duì)策略:尋讀(scanning)定位相關(guān)詞的出處。根據(jù)上下文與詞的構(gòu)造來猜測(cè)。最好將四個(gè)選項(xiàng)帶回文中,看看哪一個(gè)最合適。即使不是生詞,也應(yīng)當(dāng)作生詞來猜。
6.指代類
(1)What does “it” refers to in Line 2, Paragraph 5?
(2)What does “they” satnd for in Line 3, Paragraph 2?
(3) What does “their” satnd for in Line 3, Paragraph 2?
(4) What does “its” refer to in Line 3, Paragraph 2?
應(yīng)對(duì)策略:尋讀(scanning),定位相關(guān)代詞的出處,離它最近且單復(fù)數(shù)一致的名詞即是。注意英語(yǔ)中“they”既可指代人也可指代物。
四級(jí)聽力輔導(dǎo)(考試技巧)
1. 聽寫標(biāo)準(zhǔn):在字?jǐn)?shù)約為150字左右的篇幅中,拼寫及標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)錯(cuò)誤不超過12處(重復(fù)錯(cuò)誤只算一處),如超過12處,則本部分成績(jī)不及格。也就是說,在滿分為15分的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下,9分為及格分。
2. 注意心理狀態(tài):聽的時(shí)候心態(tài)要放輕松,注意力集中,不可過于緊張,以至于什么都聽不進(jìn)去。要相信自己,通過平日的練習(xí),完全可以達(dá)到應(yīng)試的要求。
3. 當(dāng)有生詞影響自己的時(shí)候,可以先根據(jù)讀音規(guī)則拼寫下來。等全部文章寫完進(jìn)行檢查時(shí),可以根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行猜測(cè),在可能出現(xiàn)的范圍找發(fā)音接近的單詞,如下句:Hewill go in with my company,有可能聽寫成He will going with…但回頭再看,就知道will后面不可能緊跟 going,再者從意思上也不對(duì),這樣就容易改正過來。
4. 對(duì)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的把握。 一般來說,在聽第二、三遍時(shí),某個(gè)意群如有停頓,接下去是另一意群,那么兩者之間可能有符號(hào),如逗號(hào);也可能沒有,要看兩者的關(guān)系。如果是重復(fù)該意群,那么這之后肯定是表示完整的一句結(jié)束了,因此最有可能是句號(hào)。此外,切記千萬不要用中文標(biāo)點(diǎn)代替英文標(biāo)點(diǎn)。在平時(shí)寫作和練習(xí)中要養(yǎng)成良好的書寫習(xí)慣。
5. 聽寫的批改很大程度上具有一定的主觀性。就像批改作文一樣,干凈整潔的卷面會(huì)留下很好的印象。盡管聽抄的同時(shí)要不停的修改,千萬不要隨意在卷面上涂抹;平時(shí)練習(xí)書寫也要字跡清晰,這樣也方便改卷老師辨認(rèn)書寫內(nèi)容。
6. 善于從錯(cuò)誤中總結(jié)。每做完一篇聽寫,要認(rèn)真總結(jié)自己所犯的錯(cuò)誤,是由于聽力速度太快,還是拼寫錯(cuò)誤太多,由此來調(diào)整自己的訓(xùn)練策略。
聽寫是一項(xiàng)綜合技能,它要求的不僅是大腦對(duì)語(yǔ)言材料的反應(yīng)速度和反應(yīng)能力,還要有一定的記憶能力等。從平時(shí)就要注意“ 聽說一體訓(xùn)練”。如就一篇文章進(jìn)行復(fù)述,或就一段進(jìn)行快速背誦 。要強(qiáng)迫自己在短時(shí)間、強(qiáng)壓力下記憶。
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