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三月份公共英語三級考試閱讀理解真題
全國公共英語等級考試是面向社會，以全體公民為對象的非學(xué)歷性英語證書考試，是測試應(yīng)試者英語交際能力的水平考試。下面是小編整理的公共英語三級考試閱讀理解真題，歡迎閱讀!
Part A
Directions:
Read the following two texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.
Text 1
Isabel has turned down two job offers in the past year. In 2006, she started her own consulting practice, but by 2008, most of her larger clients had to drop her because of the economy. In 2011, she was undertaking irregular assignments and knew she needed a steady job. The first job she considered was Director of HR for a company in Utah. After the initial interviews, she felt the job fit her except for the location. Still, she flew west to meet the hiring manager. The hiring manager explained that Isabel was the top candidate for the job but that, before she continued with the process, she should better understand the firms culture. She directed Isabel to several videos of the companys CEO, who regularly appeared in front of the company in costume as part of morale building exercises and expected his senior leaders to do the same. "Even though I was desperate for a job, I knew I couldnt do that," Isabel says. She called the recruiter to turn down the job and explained that she didnt feel there was a cultural fit.
A few months later, she interviewed for another job: a director of employee relations at a local university. After several interviews, the hiring manager told her the job was hers if she wanted it. The job had many positives : it was a low-stress environment, it offered great benefits, and the university was an employee-friendly place. But the job was relatively junior despite the title and Isabel worried it wouldnt be challenging enough. Finally, she turned it down. "It would be great to have a paycheck and great benefits but I would definitely have trouble sleeping at night," she says.
In both cases, she was frank with the hiring managers about why she wasnt taking the jobs."In the past, it felt like dating, I was worried about hurting peoples feelings," she says. However, they appreciated her frankness and thanked her for her honesty. She says it was hard to turn down the jobs and it was a risk for her financially but she felt she had to.
26. In 2011, Isabel_______
A. did consulting now and then
B. found a job close to her home
C. refused several job interviews
D. ran a successful consulting firm
27. Isabel turned down the first job offer mainly because of its_______
A. CEO
B. culture
C. location
D. recruiter
28. Isabel was dissatisfied with the second job due to its_______
A. junior rifle
B. low benefits
C. Environment
D. lack of challenge
29. Isabel believed that her rejection of the jobs was______
A. harmful
B. surprising
C. justifiable
D. troublesome
30. According to Isabel, it is important to______
A. look for jobs with little stress
B. look for jobs with great benefits
C. be truthful in declining job offers
D. be cautious in declining job offers
Text 2
You do not usually get something for nothing. Now, a new study reveals that the evolution of an improved learning ability could come at a particularly high price: an earlier death.
Past experiments have demonstrated that it is relatively easy .through selective breeding to make rats, honey bees and-that great favourite of researchers-fruit flies a lot better at learning. Animals that are better learners should be competitive and, thus, over time, come to dominate a population by natural selection. But improved learning ability does not get selected amongst these animals in the wild. No one really understands why.
Tadeusz Kawecki and his colleagues at the University of Fribourg in Switzerland have measured the effects of improved learning on the lives of fruit flies. The flies were given two different fruits as egg-laying sites. One of these was laced with a bitter additive that could be detected only on contact. The flies were then given the same fruit but without an additive. Flies that avoided the fruit which had been bitter were deemed to have learned from their experience. Their children were reared and the experiment was run again.
After repeating the experiment for 30 generations, the children of the learned flies were com- pared with normal flies. The researchers report in a forthcoming edition of Evolution that although learning ability could be bred into a population of fruit flies, it shortened their lives by 15%. When the researchers compared their learned flies to colonies selectively bred to live long lives, they found even greater differences. Whereas learned flies had reduced their life spans, the long-lived flies learned less well than even average flies.
The authors suggest that evolving an improved learning ability may require a greater investment in the nervous system which takes resources away from processes that delay ageing. However, Dr. Kawecki thinks the effect could also be a by-product of greater brain activity increasing the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which can increase oxidation in the body and damage health.
No one knows whether the phenomenon holds true for other animals. So, biologists, at least, still have a lot to learn.
31. Past experiments prove selective breeding can make animals better_______
A. Commanders
B. Competitors
C. survivors
D. learners
32. In this experiment, scientists observed that________
A. some flies avoided the fruit without an addictive
B. some flies preferred the fruit with an addictive
C. the eggs of the flies were not damaged
D. the impact on the flies did not last long
33. The forthcoming report says that_______
A. long-lived flies are better at laying eggs
B. long-lived flies are poorer in learning
C. learned flies have a relatively long life
D. learned flies live as long as average ones
34. According to Dr.Kawecki, greater brain activity______
A. reduces oxygen consumption
B. regulates the nervous system
C. speeds up the ageing process
D. stabilizes the ageing process
35. We learn from the text that_______
A. the research findings need to be tested further
B. biologists are doing similar research on other animals
C. the animal world usually follows the same universal laws
D. biologists are applying their findings to other areas
Part B
Directions:
Read the texts from a magazine article in which five people talk about tipping in a restaurant. For questions 36-40, match the name of each person to one of the statements (A- G) given below.
Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.
Richard:
Ive always viewed tipping as a way of saying "thank you" to the one who serves me. I believe what is bad is when no tip is left at all. The better the service, the higher the tip. Unless the service is literally perfect, I never tip more than 10% of the bill. Much like the harder teachers in school, I never give an easy “A.”My assessment is honest.
Daniel:
A tip is a "thank you," but in truth, a tip is payment for service. 20% is a standard tip. Servers deserve it for their hard work. Restaurants will never pay more for labor unless they are forced to do so by new laws. Tips make up about 97% of a servers total income. Those tips are needed for survival. So, before servers are paid a living wage, tip 20%.
Kate:
Why should I pay the difference between what the restaurant is willing to pay the employee and what an acceptable wage is? I do pay 20%, but I hate it. A friend of mine left Europe for New York City, found a job in a restaurant there and ended up making $5,500 a month. Enough above mini- mum wage? How about miners, construction workers, resident doctors, etc? Do they get tipped?
Patricia:
18 -20% for good service is todays standard. The restaurant and its employees arc too polite to tell you this or to put it on their menus, but that is their expectation and you need to understand that. I believe it is good manners to respect this. To do otherwise is to be openly rude. If you disagree, you arc wise to cat elsewhere, as you are hurting a hardworking professional.
Michael:
Tipping has gotten out of control. I always had thought it was 15%, and now suddenly servers have made it 20%. I tip 15%, and thats it. If the service is really superior, then I work higher from there. Interesting to be told ,“If you cant afford to tip 20%, then you should cat at home.” If all those people stayed away, the restaurant would not even be in business.
Now match the name of each person (36 - 40) to the appropriate statement.
Note: there are two extra statements.
Statements
36.Richard
37. Daniel38. Kate
39. Patricia
40. Michael
A. Its rude not to tip.
B. I do tip, though I dont like it.
C. Tipping shouldnt be compulsory.
D. Tips are essential to servers survival.
E. If you dont tip, you are punishing the server.
F. I think the current tipping standard is too high.
G. My tip faithfully reflects how good the service is.
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text from which five sentences have been removed. Choose from the sentences A-G the most suitable one to fill each numbered gap in the text (41-45). There are TWO extra sentences that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.
In 2009, the number of hungry people in the world reached one billion for the first time. Its difficult not to be shocked by the fact that more than one in seven people in the world do not have enough to eat.41Hunger kills more people per year than diseases such as AIDS, malaria and TB combined.
The UN estimates that almost two thirds of the worlds hungry people are in Asia, which is of course the world s most populous continent.42 Although this region has a much lower population than Asia, it has the highest percentage of hungry people. Almost all of the rest are in Latin America, North Africa and the Caribbean, In the richest regions of the world there are only a tiny number of people who don t have enough to eat.
There are many reasons for world hunger. They include wars, droughts, floods, and the over- use of fanning land.43Many people also blame greedy businessmen for pushing up the prices of basic foods in the global market. But the most important reason, quite simply, is poverty, which has increased recently due to the financial crisis of 2008.
Although many people make the obvious point that there would be less hunger if the global population were smaller, few people would argue that there is not enough food to go around. 44 In the last 50 years, global food production has risen even more quickly than the global population. There are many areas of the world in which people generally have more than enough food.45The answer to world hunger, therefore, may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world. Everyone will have enough to eat, but not overeat.
A. The basic problem seems to be not a lack of food, but its distribution.
B. More than a quarter are in sub-Saharan Africa.
C. All these factors affect food production.
D. It takes the effort of every country to fight against world hunger.
E. In those places, obesity is a far bigger problem than hunger.
F. Those places need far more food than they actually get.
G. By the end of this year, more than 35 million people will have died as a result of not having enough to eat.
參考答案
26.A 27.B 28.D 29.A 30.C
31.D 32.A 33.B 34.C 35.A
36.G 37.D 38.B 39.A 40.F
41.G 42.B 43.C 44.A 45.E
試題二
You are going to hear four conversations. Before listening to each conversation, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. After listening, you will have time to answer each question by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. You will hear each conversation ONLY ONCE. Mark your answers in your test booklet.
11. Why does the speaker say that it isnt a fault to be shy?
[A] Because many people dont know how to behave in social situations.
[B] Because one may have been born that way.
[C] Because most persons are shy.
[D] Because its good to be shy.
12. What is one of the ways suggested by psychologists for measuring shyness?
[A] By prediction.
[B] By recording.
[C] Through observation.
[D] Through interviewing.
13. What is the purpose of the psychologists in asking questions?
[A] To observe people attitude towards strangers.
[B] To see how people get along with their friends.
[C] To chance peoples behaviour in social life.
[D] To find out how shy people are.
14. According to the conversation, what is one problem with arm exercises?
[A] They dont get rid of flabby arms.
[B] They can damage arm muscles.
[C] They arent acceptable to most people.
[D] They can raise ones blood pressure.
15. How did the woman obtain the information about arm exercises?
[A] By talking to an expert.
[B] By reading an article.
[C] By attending an exercise class.
[D] By listening to the radio.
16. According to the conversation, what are the experts now recommending?
[A] Exercising the entire body.
[B] Having your blood pressure taken daily.
[C] Losing weight prior to exercise.
[D] By listening to the radio.
17. Which of the following exercises is suggested?
[A] Wearing arm weights while you are swimming.
[B] Jogging vigorously in one place for a long time.
[C] Using bicycles that require you to use both your arms and legs.
[D] Walking slowly while swinging your arms back and forth.
18. What is the man interested in at the beginning of the conversation?
[A] Through what ways the woman would tackle problems.
[B] How come she became an assistant manager so young.
[C] What she would do if she refused to carry out an order.
[D] What would happen if she refused to carry out an order.
19. What information about the woman can we get from what the man has said?
[A] She has had problems of authority.
[B] She became an assistant manager recently.
[C] She became a manager recently
[D] She became an assistant manager a few years ago.
20. Why did the woman come to talk with the man?
[A] She come to discuss a problem with the man.
[B] She came to introduce herself to the man.
[C] She wanted to be an assistant manager.
[D] She came to be interviewed for a management position.
21. Why does the woman think she would be suitable for the post?
[A] Because she has a great deal of experience in senior management.
[B] Because she has a lack of experience in senior management.
[C] Because she would bring a new approach to the job.
[D] Because she is a member of the Institute of personnel managers.
22. Where has the woman been?
[A] To Colonado.
[B] To Anzona.
[C] To the Nile River.
[D] To the Museum of Natural History.
23. What type of scientific discoveries does the woman mainly talk about?
[A] Archaeological. [B] Biological. [C] Meteorological. [D] Sociological.
24. Where does the woman say the drift wood was found?
[A] In a cave. [B] In a river. [C] In a tree. [D] In a boat.
25. What would the man like to do some day?
[A] Solve a mystery. [B] See the canyon.
[C] Find some driftwood. [D] Take some photographs.
Part B
Questions 11 through 13 refer to the following conversation.
You now have 15 seconds to read the questions.
(Pause 0015)
(Tone)
Are you afraid to raise your hand in class even when you know the answer? If you are, most people would say that you are shy. If you feel shy, you are not alone. Nine out of ten people are at least a little shy. But however shy you are, scientific evidence seems to show that it isnt your fault. You may have been born that way. How do psychologists measure shyness? One way is by observation. They keep detailed records of peoples actions, like how often these people speak to others or how long it takes someone to say hello to a stranger. Another way to measure shyness is to ask people questions. The test only takes about 10 minutes. It asks questions like:" Do you like going a lot?" and "Do you have many friends?" People must answer either yes or no. These questions can predict how people actually behave in social situations. Suppose the test tells you that someone is shy, chances are good that person will act shy. When scientists measure shyness, they are really comparing degrees of shyness. In other words, when researchers say people are shy, they really mean they are more shy than others.
11. [B]
12. [C]
13. [D]
Questions 14 through 17 refer to the following conversation.
You now have 15 seconds to read the questions.
(Pause 0015")
(Tone)
W: Exercise, exercise, exercise, we hear so much about it these days that even the experts cant agree on which exercises are best. Now some doctors are strongly encouraging arm exercises.
M: Arm exercises? Is that because our arms are too fat of flabby?
W: Actually, thats not the main reason. They say that arm exercises are an ideal way to become physically fit.
M: But dont arm exercises raise your blood pressure?
W: That they do, but the article I read mentioned ways to compensate for that.
M: How?
W: By adding leg exercise so the arms dont do as they work. Arm exercises alone arent enough to increase metabolism before fatigue sets in. The more of a body that involves in the exercise, the better.
M: And in turn, Im sure that there is a great chance of losing weight.
W: Sounds right to me.
M: So, what exercises do the experts recommend?
W: They mentioned quite a few. But some of the more popular ones are bicycling with special bicycles that make you use both your arms and legs, and walking vigorously while wearing arms weights.
M: I must try that. I like to walk a lot.
14. [D]
15. [B]
16. [A]
17. [C]
Questions 18 through 21 refer to the following conversation
You now have 15 seconds to read the questions.
(Pause 0015")
(Tone)
M: Do you mind if I take notes?
W: Not at all.
M: Thank you. I see that you have been an assistant manager for four years, which means that you were made an assistant manager at a relatively young age. Im interested in whether you have problems of authority, and how you would deal with them. Can you tell me how you would deal with a member of the staff who refused to carry out an order or request that you thought was perfectly reasonable?
W: I would make sure that the interview took place in private. I think thats important. I would ascertain whether there was antagonism towards myself, or whether the root of the cause was domestic, or indeed in the work situation, and I would take it from there.
M: Youd talk it through?
W: Oh, yes.
M: Right, thank you. Er ... as you know, there have been a number of applications for this post.
Why do you think we should give it to you?
W: I recognize that I have a comparative lack of experience in senior management. Er ... since I got my MBA, Ive done a lot of work. Ive done, ... er ... negotiation studies, and psychology studies. I think that I have a basis, ... er ... for a fresh and dynamic approach.
M: Most interesting. Thank you for coming, and well let you know it about a week.
W: Lovely, thank you. Nice to meet you. Goodbye.
18. [A]
19. [D]
20. [D]
21. [C]
Questions 22 through 25 refer to the following conversation.
You now have 15 seconds to read the questions.
(Pause 0015")
(Tone)
M: Its good to see you back. How was your trip to Arizona? Did you see the Great Canyon?
W: Yes, it was fantastic. Now I know why it is listed together with the Nile river as one of the great natural wonders of the world. Here, want to see the picture I took?
M: Oh what a view! It is even bigger than I had imagined. I remember reading about the Great Canyon and I think it said that it was formed suddenly when the earth crust split open during an earthquake.
W: Well, not that quickly. Look, here is the picture of the Colorado river. See way down at the bottom of the canyon, that river and its tributaries have been wearing the canyon floor away for ten million years.
M: Then the canyon is the result of soil erosion. Ill bet geologists have made some interesting discoveries there.
W: Not only the geologists, archaeologists have also found the bones of extinct animals in caves in the canyon walls. In a cave one hundred and forty feet above the river, they found drift wood that dated back as far as thirty-seven thousand years.
M: That means the river must have been a hundred and forty feet higher up when it carried the drift wood into the cave.
W: Its very possible, but of course who knows. The Great Canyon is full of mysteries. Wouldnt you like to go to Arizona some day?
M: You bet I would.
22. [B]
23. [A]
24. [A]
25. [B]
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