公共英語三級考試真題及答案

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2023年公共英語三級考試真題及答案

　　在各個領(lǐng)域，我們最不陌生的就是試題了，試題是命題者根據(jù)測試目標(biāo)和測試事項(xiàng)編寫出來的。相信很多朋友都需要一份能切實(shí)有效地幫助到自己的試題吧？下面是小編幫大家整理的2023年公共英語三級考試真題及答案，歡迎閱讀與收藏。

2023年公共英語三級考試真題及答案

　　公共英語三級考試真題及答案 1

　　SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part A(40 minutes)

　　Text 1

　　46、根據(jù)下列材料，請回答46-60題：

　　In 1997, 25 Japanese citizens, all older than 60, launched Jeeba (the name means "old man　and old woman") to make senior-friendly products. They knew they were making history when　they coined their company motto : "Of the elderly, by the elderly and for the elderly. " They do not hire young people, and the oldest of their workers is 75.

　　Firms run by senior citizens are still a rarity, in Japan and worldwide. But the elderly have　numbers on their side. Healthier and longer-living seniors, born immediately after World War II,are reaching retirement age in huge numbers all over the developed world. Extremely low birthrates in those same countries mean there are far fewer young workers to take their place. One likely con-sequence is now clear: shrinking work forces.

　　While the streamlining effects of international competition are focusing attention on the need to create and keep good jobs, those fears will eventually give way to worries about the growing short-age of young workers. One unavoidable solution: putting older people back to work, whether they like it or not. Indeed, advanced economies like those of Finland and 　　Denmark have already raised their retirement ages. Others are under severe pressure to follow suit, as both the European Com-mission and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and 　　Development have recently warned their members that their future prosperity depends on a growing contribution from the elderly.

　　Whether these changes are good or bad news to workers depends on whether they anticipate retirement with eagerness or dread. In the United States, half of working-age Americans now expect to work into their 70s, whether by financial necessity or by lifestyle choice, according to a new study by Putnam Investments.

　　Contrary to still widespread assumptions, there is very little hard evidence to suggest that com-panies cannot stay competitive with a rising share of older workers. At 13ritish hardware chain B&Q, its "elder worker" stores in Manchester and Exmouth were 18 percent more profitable than its regular outlets--due in part, the company says, to six times less employee turnover and 60 per-cent less shoplifting and breakage.

　　46、Jeeba s difference from a conventional company mainly lies in

　　A.the age of its employees

　　B.the number of its owners

　　C.the quality of its products

　　D.the scope of its operations

　　47、 In the developed world, compared with young people, the elderly

　　A.are better at business

　　B.are greater in number

　　C.have healthier lifestyles

　　D.have more job opportunities

　　48、 According to the writer, in the current situation companies are faced with the tough task of

　　A.creating good positions

　　B.employing retired workers

　　C.filling vacant positions

　　D.replacing unskilled workers

　　49、 For future prosperity, many European countries will have to

　　A.increase the number of young workers

　　B.offer many senior-friendly jobs

　　C.improve services for seniors

　　D.raise their retirement ages

　　50、 B&Q s "elder worker" stores are mentioned to show that the employment of older work-ers

　　A.does not reduce a company s competitiveness

　　B.does not affect older workers lifestyle Choices

　　C.is not a usual practice among competitive firms

　　D.is not good news to those who are eager to retire

　　Text 2

　　根據(jù)下列材料，請回答51-65題：

　　Here s how I want to watch the 2014 Winter Olympics. I want to go to a Web site to see any event I want, whenever I want to watch it, on whatever screen I choose. I 11 gladly pay.

　　The technology exists to make this happen today. Yet nearly two decades after the introduction of the World Wide Web, this remains a fantasy. NBC, which broadcasted the Vancouver Olympics in the United States, wouldn t put videos on its Web site until they had been shown on prime-time TV. So Americans had the weird experience of learning from a news report during the day that something fantastic had just happened, and then having to wait until that night s broadcast to see it.

　　Bloggers complained, but NBC wouldn t give way. Its research shows that people like me, who want to watch the Olympics online, represent only 7 percent of the total audience. The other, bigger concern is: the Internet doesn t deliver any money. Advertisers remain willing to pay big money to show their commercials on prime-time TV. But on the Internet? Not so much.

　　So NBC clings to the old way of doing things. As it sees it, the prime-time show is the most important. To make matters worse, NBC was already expecting to lose $ 250 million on the 2010 Vancouver Games. Good luck persuading it to invest in a risky Web project.

　　Its easy to blame the network executives. But the NBC guys and their like are only doing　what makes sense. Theyre going where the money is.

　　That needs to change. Yes, selling reporting of Olympic events over the Internet would drain away some of the prime-time audience, but my sense is many of the online subscribers would still watch the prime-time show. And over time, the subscription dollars could become a substantial rev- enue stream. Instead of viewing the Internet as a threat to prime time, the TV networks should see the Web as a way to sell even more of their product to a small but passionate subset of their audi-ence.

　　I m hoping that by 2014, that will have changed.

　　51、 According to the writer, watching the Olympics online as one likes

　　A.is technologically impossible

　　B.is still denied to the audience

　　C.has been a dream for 20 years

　　D.will no longer be free in 2014

　　52、 We learn that what Americans saw about the Vancouver Olympics

　　A.was unavailable online

　　B.differed from the news

　　C.seemed weird to them

　　D.was first shown on TV

　　53、 Bloggers complained about NBC s

　　A.neglect of those in the minority

　　B.excessive online advertisements

　　C.delay in providing videos online

　　D.limited reporting on sports news

　　54、 After the 2010 Vancouver Games, NBC is likely to

　　A.improve its prime-time show

　　B.continue its current practice

　　C.raise its price for advertising

　　D.try its luck in a web program

　　55、 The writer thinks the TV networks should view the Web as a potential to help them　to

　　A.make dramatic profits

　　B.develop new products

　　C.satisfy their subscribers

　　D.divide prime-time revenues

　　Text 3

　　根據(jù)下列材料，請回答56-70題：

　　One important thing during the pre-Christmas rush at our house was the arrival of my　daughter s kindergarten report card. She got high praise for her reading, vocabulary and overall en-thusiasm. On the other hand, we learnt that she has work to do on her numbers and facility with the computer, though the detailed handwritten report her teachers prepared is absent of any words that might be interpreted as negative in describing her efforts. A number system indicates how she s measuring up in each area without any mention of passing or failing.

　　All of which seems to make my daughter s school neither fish nor fowl when it comes to the debate over the merits of giving formal grades to kids. At one level, the advantages and disadvanta-ges are obvious. A grade system provides a straightforward standard by which to measure how your child is progressing at school--and how he or she is getting on compared to other children. But as writer Sue Ferguson notes, "Grades can deceive. " The aim should be "to measure learning, not simply what a student can recall on a test. " The two aren t the same--and if you doubt that as an adult, ask yourself whether you could sit down without any preparation and still pass those high-school-level examinations.

　　If you re old enough, you ve lived through this debate before. At one time, it was considered unfair to put children in direct competition with one another if it could be avoided. The inten-tion behind tha.t may have been good, but it ignored the fact that competition, and the will to come out on top, are essential components of the human condition.

　　This time around, educators working with a no-grades approach are emphasizing different rea-sons. The thing is, that approach is much more commonplace in the adult workplace than is the tra-ditional pass-fail system we place on our children. Many workplaces conduct regular employee eval-uations. There are usually fairly strict limits to what an employer can tell an employee in those eval-uations-and even then, negative evaluations can be challenged by the employee. No matter where you sit in the debate over the grade system, then, the real question is this: if it s so good for kids, why isnt that also true for adults?

　　56、The school report indicates that the writer s daughter

　　A.lacks interest in her school work

　　B.ranks among the best at language

　　C.has some trouble with her handwriting

　　D.needs to improve in math and computer skills

　　57、 We can learn that the girl s school tries to deliver the report

　　A.in a positive way

　　B.in a scientific way

　　C.in an attractive way

　　D.in an enthusiastic way

　　58、 Sue Ferguson seems dissatisfied with the grade system for its focus on

　　A.the process of getting the knowledge

　　B.the capability of memorizing for the test

　　C.the procedure of measuring learning

　　D.the standard of comparing schools

　　59、 The writer would agree that cutting children off from competition is

　　A.fit for human development

　　B.fit for their age and experience

　　C.against a key part of human nature

　　D.out of consideration for children

　　60、 It can be learned that todays educators supporting the no-grades approach insist that

　　A.kids be allowed to challenge the negative evaluations

　　B.the traditional teacher-student relationship be changed

　　C.the evaluation system for kids be similar to that for adults

　　D.strict rules be set up in evaluating school children

　　SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part B(40 minutes)

　　61、根據(jù)下列材料，請回答61-65題：

　　Directions:

　　Read the texts from a magazine in which five people voice their different opinions in response to an article on the issue of praising. For questions 61 to 65, match the name of each person (61 to 65) to one of the statements ( A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.

　　Mike :

　　Praise often and sincerely--it s as simple as that. Employees want to feel needed and appreci-ated. By offering sincere praise with examples about what they did right, you ll go far in 　creating an energetic team. Meanwhile, I dont agree with the assertion that "to focus on what needs im-proving isn t good management. " In fact, it s the balance of praise along with constructive criti-cism that drives employees to work smarter and reach higher.

　　Frank:

　　This article makes a valid point that needs to be understood, especially for the new generation of workers, my generation. We don t see ourselves as parts in the machine to be put in the dark to work. My generation needs respect in return from our employer, we need to feel appreciated beyond just a pay check, it s the difference between being fulfilled at our career and being sad at our job.

　　Joyce :

　　One skill missing in todays workplace is the ability to build effective business relationships.At the core of that relationship is the need for consistent feedback. "How am I doing?" is a ques-tion that should be answered consistently. When you tell an employee once a year what is needed to improve, you have not done your job as a leader--build skills, provide feedback and help the em-ployee grow and develop.

　　Ellen:

　　I don t see a problem with praising employees when it s truly deserved ( insincere praise is an entirely different story). It s a cost-free "benefit", if you will, in that it allows employees to see that their efforts are both noticed and valued. In the work world there are always people available to tell that you are doing something wrong and far too few occasions when employees are told that theyve done something right!

　　Diana:

　　Praise what the employee did. Be specific about why it was helpful. An employee who contin-ually earns your praise also deserves your attention as to how else to reward their behavior. Mean-ingful praise encourages people beyond anything else. Written comments are available for later re-view. They give them confidence that they can "do it again. " I never regretted praising an employ-ee who deserved it but often kicked myself for missing an opportunity.

　　Now match the name of each person (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement

　　Note: there are two extra statements.

　　Statements

　　[A]Praise combined with criticism is helpful.

　　[B] Praise can bring about many kinds of desired behavior.

　　[C] Employees may feel it hard to accept.insincere praise.

　　[D] Let employees know exactly for what they are praised.

　　[E] In my opinion, we are not generous enough to give praise.

　　[F] Employees need helpful advice on a regular basis.

　　[G] Money alone cannot guarantee a sense of career fulfillment for me.

　　61、 Mike

　　62、 Frank

　　63、 Joyce

　　64、 Ellen

　　65、 Diana

　　參考答案及精析

　　第三部分閱讀理解

　　Part A

　　Text 1

　　參考譯文：

　　1997年，年齡均超過60歲的25名日本市民發(fā)起了一場Jeeba運(yùn)動(Jeeba意為老年男性與女性)，生產(chǎn)適合于老年人使用的產(chǎn)品。當(dāng)他們編撰出公司的格言“老年人所有，老年人制造，為了老年人”時，他們知道自己正在創(chuàng)造歷史。他們不雇傭年輕人，公司里最年長的員工年齡高達(dá)75歲。

　　不管是在日本還是全世界，由高齡者經(jīng)營的公司仍然為數(shù)不多。但是老年人口數(shù)量巨大。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以后出生的人們，現(xiàn)在到了退休年齡，這些老年人更加健康、長壽，他們?nèi)藬?shù)眾多，遍布世界各地。在出生率極低的那些發(fā)達(dá)國家，接替老年人工作的年輕人更少了。一個可能出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果現(xiàn)在變得清楚了：勞動力日益縮減。

　　國際競爭的精簡效應(yīng)正集中注意力于創(chuàng)造和維持好工作的需求上，這些擔(dān)心最終會轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷θ找嫒鄙俚哪贻p勞動力的擔(dān)心。一個不可避免的解決方法是，讓老年人回歸工作，不管他們喜不喜歡。確實(shí)如此，像芬蘭和丹麥這樣的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)國家，已經(jīng)延遲了退休年齡。其他一些國家正處在順應(yīng)潮流的高壓下，因?yàn)闅W盟委員會和經(jīng) 濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織最近告誡其成員，他們未來的繁榮依賴于老年人的不斷奉獻(xiàn)。這些改變是否是好消息取決于工人們在退休的時候是懷著急切的還是恐懼的心情。據(jù) 百能投資的一項(xiàng)新研究顯示，在美國，不論是由于經(jīng)濟(jì)需要還是生活方式的選擇，現(xiàn)在有一半處在工作年齡的美國人期待著能工作到70多歲。

　　與一直廣泛傳播的想法相反，幾乎沒有確鑿的證據(jù)表明，公司里高齡工作者增多會導(dǎo)致公司不再有競爭力。在英國硬件連鎖企業(yè)B&Q里，位于曼徹斯特和埃克斯茅斯的“高齡者”商店比其一般商店多盈利18%，公司說部分原因是由于其少了6倍的員工流動，少了60%的商店偷竊和商品損壞事件。

　　46.A【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知，Jeeba是由日本的老年市民發(fā)起的運(yùn)動，其目的和公司格言主要體現(xiàn)的是老年人這個特點(diǎn)。由此可知，Jeeba與傳統(tǒng)公司的主要區(qū)別就體現(xiàn)在員工的年齡上，故選A。

　　47.B【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章第二段第四句話“Ex-tremely low birthrates in those same countries

　　mean there are far fewer young workers to take their place.”可以看出：在出生率極低的發(fā)達(dá)國家，接替退休老年人工作的年輕人的數(shù)量少得多。故選B。

　　48.B 【精析】推斷題。從文章第三段第一、二句話： “While the streamlining effects of international competition are focusing attention on the need to create and keep good jobs，those fears will even-tually give way to worries about the growing short-age of young workers.One unavoidable solution：puking older people back to work，whether they like it or not.”和最后一句話：“…their future prosperity depends on a growing contribution from the elderly.”可知，對創(chuàng)造和維持好工作需求的擔(dān)憂最終會轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷θ找嫒鄙俚哪贻p勞動力的擔(dān)心，對此擔(dān)心的解決方法就是需要讓老年人回到工作崗位，公司未來的發(fā)展繁榮依賴于老年人的不斷貢獻(xiàn)。由此可推測，在當(dāng)前形勢下，公司面臨的嚴(yán)峻任務(wù)就是雇傭退休的員工，故選B。

　　49.D【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第三段倒數(shù)第二句說像芬蘭和丹麥的發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)國家，已經(jīng)延遲了退休年齡，最后一句繼而說公司的繁榮離不開老年人的貢獻(xiàn)，故選D。

　　50.A【精析】推斷題。從文章最后一段第二句話 “At British hardware chain B&Q.its‘elder worker’stores…were l8 percent more profitable than its regular outlets…”可知，B&Q的“高齡者”商店比其一般商店多盈利18%。由此可以推斷，公司雇傭高齡工作者并不會降低公司的競爭力，故選A。

　　Text 2

　　參考譯文

　　下面就是我想要如何觀看2014年冬季奧運(yùn)會。我想進(jìn)入一個網(wǎng)站觀看任何我想看的賽事，隨時都能看，什么樣的屏幕都能看。我很樂意付費(fèi)。

　　現(xiàn)在的技術(shù)可以讓它變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。但是在引進(jìn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)后將近20年的時間里，這仍是一個幻想。美國的廣播公司在美國黃金時間播出了溫哥華奧運(yùn)會后，才會將視頻放到其網(wǎng)站上。所以美國人會有這樣奇怪的經(jīng)歷，白天從新聞報道上　　得知一些新奇的事件剛剛發(fā)生，然后不得不等到晚上播出時才能看到。

　　寫博客的人抱怨起來，但美國的廣播公司不會讓步。其調(diào)查顯示，像我這樣地想在線觀看奧運(yùn)會的人只代袁了觀眾總數(shù)的7%。另外一個更憂心的問題是：網(wǎng)絡(luò)不會收費(fèi)。廣告商仍然愿意斥巨資在電視的黃金時段播放他們的廣告。但是在網(wǎng)上播放?他們才不愿意付那么多錢。

　　因此美國的廣播公司沿用過去的老辦法。正如其所看到的一樣，在黃金時段播出的電視節(jié)目才是最重要的。更糟糕的是，美國的廣播公司已經(jīng)預(yù)計在2010年溫哥華冬奧會上將會損失2.5億美元。但愿這能夠勸服該公司在冒險的網(wǎng)絡(luò)項(xiàng)目上投資。

　　網(wǎng)絡(luò)執(zhí)行者容易受到指責(zé)。但是美國的廣播公司和與他們類似的公司只做有意義的事情。他們只是在向錢看。

　　這需要改變。是的，把奧運(yùn)會的報道放到網(wǎng)上去會讓一些黃金時段的觀眾流失，但我認(rèn)為，許多網(wǎng)上付費(fèi)的觀眾仍然會在黃金時段觀看電視節(jié)目。久而久之，網(wǎng)上訂閱費(fèi)有可能會變成龐大的收入來源。不應(yīng)該把網(wǎng)絡(luò)看作對電視黃金時段的威脅，電視臺應(yīng)該把網(wǎng)絡(luò)當(dāng)作一種銷售方式，可以把自己的產(chǎn)品更多地賣給那一小撮充滿激情的觀眾。

　　我希望到2014年，這一切都會改變。

　　51.B【精析】推斷題。由文章第二段第一、二句話 “The technology exists to make this happen to-day.Yet nearly two decades after the introduc-tion of the World Wide Web，this remains a fan-tasy.”可以看出，當(dāng)今的技術(shù)已經(jīng)發(fā)展到可以讓在線觀看奧運(yùn)會變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。然而，在引進(jìn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)后將近二十年當(dāng)中，這仍然是幻想。由此可推斷，觀眾不能在線觀看奧運(yùn)會的原因并不是技術(shù)方面的問題，而是不被允許，奧運(yùn)會仍然是幻想，be denied to意為“…得不到的”，故選B。

　　52.D【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章第二段最后兩句“NBC，which broadcasted the Vancouver Olympics in the United States，wouldn’t put videos on its Web site until they had been shown on prime-time TV.”可知，美國的廣播公司會先在電視上播放溫哥華奧運(yùn)會，再把視頻放到網(wǎng)上去。由此可知，美國觀眾觀看溫哥華奧運(yùn)會最先是從電視上看到的，故選D。

　　53.C【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章第三段第一句話可知寫博客的人在抱怨，此段承接第二段，第二段說美國的廣播公司會先在電視的黃金時段播放奧運(yùn)會，再把其放到網(wǎng)上去，故得知寫博客的人抱怨的是美國的廣播公司推遲將奧運(yùn)會視頻放上網(wǎng)，故選C。

　　54.B【精析】推斷題。由第四段第一句“So NBC clings to the old way of doing things.”可知，美國的廣播公司會堅守過去的老辦法，這與B選項(xiàng)意義一致，故選B。

　　55.A【精析】作者意圖題。由第六段最后一句話 “…the TV networks should see the Web as a way to sell even more of their product to a small but passionate subset of their audience.”可知，作者認(rèn)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以幫助美國的廣播公司更多地出售他們的產(chǎn)品，更多地盈利，故選A。

　　Text 3

　　參考譯文

　　在繁忙的圣誕節(jié)來臨前，我們家一件重要的事情是，收到了女兒幼兒園的成績單。她在閱讀、詞匯和整體學(xué)習(xí)熱情方面得到高度評價。另一方面，我們了解到，她需要好好練習(xí)數(shù)字運(yùn)算和計算機(jī)操作，盡管女兒的老師準(zhǔn)備的這份手寫的詳細(xì)成績單上沒有出現(xiàn)任何可能顯示女兒消極學(xué)習(xí)的話語。一項(xiàng)計數(shù)法暗示了女兒在每一個學(xué)科的成績情況，雖然沒有任何通過或不及格的說明。

　　當(dāng)談到給小學(xué)生正常評級的好處的爭論時，所有這些似乎表明女兒的學(xué)校不倫不類。在一個層面上，優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)不言而喻。評級系統(tǒng)提供了一個直接的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，通過這個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以衡量你的孩子在學(xué)校的進(jìn)步情況，以及相對于其他孩子來說，自家孩子的表現(xiàn)情況。但正如蘇·弗格森作家寫的那樣“成績是可以欺騙人的”。目的應(yīng) 該是“衡量學(xué)習(xí)情況，而不是簡單地測試學(xué)生在考試時能記得多少東西�！边@兩者并不一樣。如果作為一個成年人，你對此感到質(zhì)疑，那么你可以問問你自己，是否可以在不做任何準(zhǔn)備的情況下仍然通過那些高中階段的考試。

　　如果你足夠大了，你以前就經(jīng)歷過了這樣的辯論。曾經(jīng)有人一度認(rèn)為，在可以避免的情況下，讓孩子們置于彼此之間直接競爭的環(huán)境中是不公平的。這個想法背后的意圖或許是好的，但它忽略了一個事實(shí)，競爭和出類拔萃的愿望構(gòu)成了人類生存環(huán)境的核心部分。

　　現(xiàn)在，用不給成績的教育方法工作的教育家們在強(qiáng)調(diào)不同的原因。問題是，比起傳統(tǒng)的施加在孩子身上的“過或不過”體系，這個方法在我們成人工作中更普遍。許多工作采用常規(guī)的員工測評方法。在這些測評中，通常有嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定限制雇主可以告知雇員的內(nèi)容，即便如此，員工還是可以質(zhì)疑消極的測評結(jié)果。不管你是處在關(guān)于評級體系爭論的哪一方，真正的問題是：如果不給成績的方式對孩子來說有這么多好處，為什么對成年人來說卻并非如此呢?

　　56.D【精析】細(xì) 節(jié)題。由文章第一段第三句話“on the other hand，we learnt that she has work to do on her numbers and facility with the computer，though the detailed handwritten report her teach-ers prepared is absent of any words that might be interpreted as negative in describing her effort.”

　　可知，作者從成績單上面了解到女兒在數(shù) 字和計算機(jī)應(yīng)用能力方面仍有功課要做，言外之意便是女兒需要在這兩方面加強(qiáng)和提高，故D項(xiàng)符合文意。而根據(jù)第一段第二句話“She got high praise for her reading.vocabulary and over-all enthusiasm.”只能得知，作者從成績單上面了解到女兒在語言方面得到很高的評價，因此B選項(xiàng)表述與原文不符。其他兩項(xiàng)原文沒有涉及，故選D。

　　57.A【精析】推斷題。從文章的第一段來看，作者收到女兒學(xué)校的成績單，上面寫的全是表揚(yáng)的話，而作者自己知道，女兒在數(shù)字運(yùn)算等方面還需要學(xué)習(xí)，由此可推斷女兒學(xué)校只是努力從正面的角度贊揚(yáng)女兒在學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)，故選A。

　　58.B【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章第二段第五句“The aim should be‘to measure learning，not simply what a student can recall on a test’”可知蘇·弗格森對評級體系不滿意的原因是它強(qiáng)調(diào)測試學(xué)生的記憶能力，而非學(xué)習(xí)本身，故選B。

　　59.C【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第三段最后一句話“…but it ignored the fact that competition，and the will to come out on top，are essential components of the human condition.”可知，作者認(rèn)為讓孩子們遠(yuǎn)離競爭是違反了人類生存本質(zhì)的，故選C。

　　60.B【精析】推斷題。題干意為“可以知道，贊成不給成績的教育方式的教育家堅持認(rèn)為什么?”通過排除法，A項(xiàng)說允許孩子質(zhì)疑消極的測評結(jié)果，與原文不符，原文是作者拿成年人舉例，并提出疑問，為什么成年人不能用不評級的體系，故排除A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)說應(yīng)該建立嚴(yán)格的規(guī)章制度來測評學(xué)生，這個文章中更沒有提及，亦排除，故選B。

　　Part B

　　參考譯文

　　下面這段文字是5個人對一篇關(guān)于表揚(yáng)問題的文章的不同觀點(diǎn)。

　　麥克：

　　頻繁且真誠地表揚(yáng)，就是這么簡單。雇員希望感受到被需要和賞識。通過用員工做的實(shí)際工作舉例來真誠地表揚(yáng)，你就離創(chuàng)造一個活力四射的團(tuán)隊(duì)不遠(yuǎn)了。同時，我不同意這樣一種說法“密切關(guān)注需要改進(jìn)的方面不是好的管理方法”。事實(shí)上，正是表揚(yáng)和有建設(shè)性的批評之間的平衡促使員工工作更有效率，取得更多的進(jìn)步。

　　弗蘭克：

　　這篇文章指出一個需要理解的有效觀點(diǎn)，特別是對我這新一代的工作者。我們不把自己視為放在黑暗角落里工作的機(jī)器的一部分。我這一代人需要從雇主那兒得到尊重作為回報，除了一份工資單，我們需要被賞識。這就是在　事業(yè)中感到充實(shí)和為工作而痛苦的區(qū)別。

　　喬伊斯：

　　在當(dāng)今就業(yè)市場缺失的一項(xiàng)技能是建立有效商業(yè)關(guān)系的能力。這個關(guān)系的核心是需要持續(xù)不斷的反饋。“我做得怎么樣?”是一個應(yīng)該不斷得到回答的問題。當(dāng)你一年之中僅有一次告訴一個員工應(yīng)該改進(jìn)的方面，你并沒有做　　好領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的本職工作——技能培訓(xùn)，提供反饋，幫助員工成長和發(fā)展。

　　艾倫：

　　我認(rèn)為，當(dāng)員工應(yīng)得表揚(yáng)時去表揚(yáng)他沒有什么問題(不真誠的表揚(yáng)另當(dāng)別論)。這是個不用成本的“所得”，如果你表揚(yáng)了，員工便看到了自己的努力得到了關(guān)注和重視。在工作領(lǐng)域，總有人告訴你做錯了什么事，但是幾乎沒人告訴你你做得很好!

　　戴安娜：

　　夸獎員工所做的事。具體說明為什么其所做的事有幫助。經(jīng)常得到表揚(yáng)的員工同樣應(yīng)該受到關(guān)注，得到可以犒勞其所為的獎勵。有意義的表揚(yáng)給人們的鼓勵超過任何其他的東西。書面形式的評價可以用于將來的回顧。這些評價給了他們“就這么做”的信心。我從不后悔表揚(yáng)了應(yīng)受表揚(yáng)的員工，但經(jīng)常責(zé)怪自己錯過了表揚(yáng)的機(jī) 會。

　　61.A【精析】主旨題。麥克認(rèn)為正是表揚(yáng)和有建設(shè)性的批評之間的平衡促進(jìn)了員工更有效率地工作，取得更多的進(jìn)步，故選A。

　　62.G【精析】主旨題。弗蘭克認(rèn)為，除了一份工資單，員工還需要被賞識，這是在事業(yè)中感到充實(shí)和為工作而痛苦的區(qū)別。意思與G項(xiàng)“對我來說，金錢本身不能保證事業(yè)充實(shí)的感覺”，故選G。

　　63.F【精析】主旨題。喬伊斯說，當(dāng)你一年之中僅有一次告訴一個員工應(yīng)該改進(jìn)的方面，你并沒有做好領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的本職工作，意思是說一個公司的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)該及時地向員工提供反饋，與F項(xiàng)“員工需要定期得到有用的建議”意思相符，故選F。

　　64.E【精析】主旨題。艾倫最后一句話“在工作領(lǐng)域，總有人告訴你做錯了什么事，但是幾乎沒人告訴你你做得很好”與E項(xiàng)“我們表揚(yáng)他人時不夠慷慨”意思相符，故選E。

　　65.D【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。戴安娜前面兩句話“夸獎員工所做的事。具體說明為什么其所做的事有幫助”與D項(xiàng)“讓員工確切知道為什么他們受到表揚(yáng)”意思相符，故選D。

　　公共英語三級考試真題及答案 2

　　Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)

　　Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

　　Passage 1

　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

　　Jarden Zinc Products, a large zinc plant a few miles outside Greeneville, Tennessee, has a special claim. Since 1982, it has been the only supplier of penny blanks for the U.S. Mint (鑄幣廠). Its a good business for Jarden-since 2000, the company has earned more than $ 800 million. But it may not be a good deal for the U.S.

　　(76) The value of the penny has been dropping for years. In 2006, it began to cost more than a penny to make a penny. It now costs 2 C to produce a 1 C coin. Many countries have stopped using pennies. Is it time for the U.S. to do the same?

　　Jarden and the zinc industry are fighting to keep the penny. Since 2006, Jarden has given $1.2 million to Americans for Common Cents (ACC). The groups mission is to keep the penny in use. Mark Weller is ACCs executive director. He argues that there are three main reasons for keeping the penny: Without it, we would become more reliant on the five-cent coin, which also has problems; charities（慈善機(jī)構(gòu)）that depend on penny drives would not be able to raise as much money; and a 2012 survey shows that 67% of Americans want to keep the penny. (77) Many people surveyed said they feared they would end up paying more for products.

　　Many experts disagree with ACC, They point to the dozens of countries that have gotten rid of their lowest-value coins without raising prices for consumers. And charities dont seem too concerned either.

　　President Barack Obama says the mint could explore using cheaper metals to make pennies. Steel is less expensive than zinc. Pennies are 97.5% zinc and 2.5% copper. But no matter what it is made of, the pennys days may be numbered. Most in-store purchases are now made with credit cards, not cash. Is it time for a change?

　　1. what is the main idea of the passage?

　　A.Many countries are trying to reduce the cost of making coins.

　　B.These days a penny made is a penny wasted.

　　C.There is disagreement over whether the U.S. should stop using pennies.

　　D.Many countries have stopped using pennies.

　　2. The mission of ACC is to ______.

　　A. conduct online surveys B.lower the production costs of the penny

　　C. raise money for charities D.keep the penny in use

　　3. The penny coin is mainly made of _____.

　　A. copper B. steel C. iron D. zinc

　　4. What does the sentence "the pennys days may be numbered" in the last paragraph probably mean?

　　A.The penny may be out of use very soon.

　　B.The value of the penny may rise.

　　C.The penny has a special place in American history.

　　D.The penny is part of American culture.

　　5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

　　A.Jarden is the sole supplier of the zinc the U.S. Mint uses to make the penny.

　　B. The majority of American people are in favor of keeping the penny.

　　C. Many Americans fear that getting rid of the penny would cause prices to rise.

　　D. The U.S. Mint now spends 2.4 cents to make a penny.

　　Passage 2

　　Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

　　Charles Dickens was born in 1812 in Portsmouth, England. He was the second of eight children. His father always had problems with money. When Charles was 12 years old, his father went to prison because he was in debt. Charles had to leave school to help his family. He got a job in a dirty, old factory. Charles Dickens never forgot his difficult childhood. Many of his stories and books were about poor people and their problems.

　　(78)Later, Charles went back to school for two more years. He left school when he was 15 years old to become a newspaper reporter. In 1836, he began to write The Pickwick Papers. It was published as a series and was a huge success. By age 24, Dickens was a prominent writer in both Great Britain and the United States.

　　Many people bought his books, but they also paid to hear him read his stories aloud. Because there was no radio or television, people liked to hear famous writers read in public. Dickens read his works like he was acting in a play. He went on very successful reading tours and earned a lot of money.

　　Dickens was meticulous (過分注意瑣事的）. Everything had to be just right. When he worked at home, everything had to be in its place. He worked at a desk by a window that always had a vase (花瓶) of flowers and the same ornaments (裝飾物) on it. (79)He wrote 2, 000 words a day and he required complete quiet while he wrote. He divided his page into three parts, and on each side he had notes in difficult colors. The main writing was in middle, the story notes were in the right margin, and the chapter notes were in the left margin.

　　He also cared a lot about his appearance.

　　6. Charles Dickens father was put into prison because he .

　　A.stole money from other people B. refused to pay tax

　　C. didnt pay for his childrens education D. owed money to other people

　　7. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE ?

　　A. Dickens loved to travel

　　B. Dickens stories were mostly about his own childhood

　　C. Dickens made a lot of money on his reading tours

　　D. Dickens left school to write The Pickwick Papers

　　8. According to the passage, which of the following about Dickens is TRUE ?

　　A. He was a peaceful person B. He was a quiet writer

　　C. He worked very hard at school D. He cared a lot about things around him

　　9. The word "prominent" in the second paragraph means________ .

　　A. Famous B. Thoughtful C. Careful D. difficult

　　10. After the last paragraph, the author will most probably discuss Dickens .

　　A. Success B. Appearance C. Works D. childhood

　　Passage 3

　　Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

　　Computer technology is advancing so fast that old hardware quickly becomes completely obsolete. The electronic waster (e-waste) from this constantly growing field is polluting the environment, both here and abroad.

　　Computers contain toxic (有毒的) materials such as lead. Despite the danger of throwing these hazardous materials in a landfill (垃圾填埋場), thats exactly where tons of computers end up. Americans reuse or recycle only about 10 percent of the 50 million computers they replace each year, according to ABC News. Eighty percent is being stockpiled (囤積), which could create even bigger problems in the future, and the remaining 10 percent is landfilled. Throwing e-waste in landfills creates a potential for landfills are tougher in the United States than in many other countries, e-waste is often exported, especially to some developing countries.

　　(80)Some countries are creating policies to deal with the growing e-waste problem. In the Netherlands, you can bring your old computer to the seller when buying a new one, and the seller must by law accept it free of charge. Japan passed a law in 2001 requiring producers to recycle certain parts.

　　In the united states, a movement called the Computer TakeBack Campaign is demanding that producers take more responsibility for disposing of (處理) old computers, California and Massachusetts recently prohibited certain computer parts in landfills, while Apple and IBM take back computers for about a $30 fee. Gateway is one step ahead: They will pay you $50 for recycling your old computer when you buy a new one from them. Lastly, many nonprofit programs accept used equipment, and services have popped up that distribute old computers to schools and other organizations.

　　11. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　　A. The Main Exports of America B. The Computer TakeBack Campaign

　　C. The Harm of E-waste Treatment D. Electronic Waste-a Global Problem

　　12. What does the word "obsolete" in the first paragraph probably mean?

　　A. Fashionable B. Useful C. Out of date D. Out of control

　　13.Americans reuse about______ million computers each year.

　　A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20

　　14. According to the passage, American electronic waste is exported to other countries because these countries have_______.

　　A. the resources and more space to process the e-waste

　　B. less strictly enforced environment safety standards

　　C. a lot of skilled e-waste workers

　　D. many computer recycling businesses

　　15. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A. Japan passed a law to address the e-waste problem

　　B. Compared with stockpile, landfill is a better and safer method to deal with e-waste

　　C. Apple will pay you $50 for recycling your old computer when you buy a new one from them

　　D. Old computers are safe to the environment even when improperly disposed of

　　Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)

　　Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

　　16. The fried fish we ate at the restaurant yesterday is delicious. Id like to have it again even if it costs____.

　　A.as twice much B. twice as much C. much as twice D. as much twice

　　17. ____too much to do, they have to keep themselves busy all day long.

　　A. Having B. Have C. Had D. Being

　　18. Air pollution, together with overpopulation, ____ many problems in big cities.

　　A. are causing B. is causing C. are caused D. is caused

　　19. She has no idea of what the book is about. She ____ have read it carefully.

　　A.mustn’t B.cant C.shouldnt D.neednt

　　20. ____ from space, our earth, with water covering 70% of its surface, appears as a "blue planet".

　　A. Seeing B. To be seen C. Seen D. Having seen

　　21. The mere fact____ most people believe a nuclear war would be mad does not mean that it will not occur.

　　A. what B. which C. that D. why

　　22. It was____ he had made such great contributions to world peace that he won the Nobel Prize for Peace.

　　A.that B.because C.how D.why

　　23. If it ____tomorrow, we wont go for a picnic.

　　A. Will rain B. should rain C. rains D. rained

　　24. The number of members in the club____ to two hundred.

　　A. were limited B. limits C. was limited D. limited

　　25. There are many fashion shops and expensive restaurants on ____ sides of the street.

　　A. all B, each C, both D.every

　　26. I went to____ London yesterday and saw ____strange old man and a little girl, begging by the roadside.

　　A./;a B.a;/ C./;the D.the;/

　　27. John, lets take a taxi,_____?

　　A. Will you B. Shall we C. would you D. should we

　　28. Of all the girls in the class Jane studies the____ .

　　A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly

　　29. Do you know the girl____father died in a car accident last week?

　　A.who B.that C.whom D.whose

　　30. When the violinist finished his performance, the audience stood up and ____for five minutes.

　　A.acted B.clapped C.backed D.closed

　　31. She doesnt want to listen to you now; she has something urgent to____.

　　A. talk with B. laugh at C. cope with D. warm up

　　32. I cant find my keys! Can you help me ____ them?

　　A. dream about B. look for C. see through D. speak of

　　33. A: ____ Madam, Is there a post office near here?

　　B: Keep on going ahead. Turn right at the first crossroads. Then youll find one there.

　　A. Sorry B. You are welcome C. Excuse me D. Thanks a lot

　　34. The American couple have____ a two-year-old child, who lost his parents in an earthquake.

　　A. adjusted B. afforded C. approved D. adopted

　　35. You should be ____ of yourself, telling lies at your age.

　　A. ashamed B. accurate C. adequate D.attractive

　　36. No sooner had he sat down to lunch____there was a knock at the door.

　　A. when B. that C. as D. than

　　37. This kind of computer is____. handling all kinds of information.

　　A. capable to B. able to C. capable of D. able of

　　38. Please sit down and make yourself____.

　　A. in the room B. fine C. easy D. at home

　　39. He offered to____her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry.

　　A.borrow B.help C.lend D.show

　　40. Dont let the child play with scissors ____he cuts himself.

　　A. in case B. so that C. now that D. only if

　　41. Let me give you a ____ of how the computer works.

　　A. demonstration B. difference C. deduction D. distinction

　　42. ________ the rain, we would have had a pleasant trip to the countryside.

　　A. Because of B. Due to C. Thanks to D. But for

　　43. The textbook is for the ____ students, not for the beginners.

　　A. foreign B. blind C. advanced D. deaf

　　44. By the end of next month he ____ everything in school.

　　A. will finish B. would have finished C. finishes D. will have finished

　　45. Sam: I dont drink coffee at all.

　　Frank:____ .

　　A. So dont I B. I do either C. Nor I do D. Neither do I

　　Part III Identification (10%)

　　Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

　　46. [Should] she [come] tomorrow, I [will] take her [to the museum].

　　ABCD

　　47. [Only] in [this] way [we can] wipe [out] the enemy troops.

　　ABCD

　　48. [In fact] I [would rather] leave [for] San Francisco than [staying] in Los Angeles.

　　ABCD

　　49. [Next weekend] he [will] visit the airport [which] he [worked] 30 years ago.

　　ABCD

　　50. [Since] its raining [hard] now we [had better] to put off our sports meet [till next week].

　　ABCD

　　51. Though Jane [tried] [her best] this time, [but] she still failed [in] the math exam.

　　ABCD

　　52. [The next morning] the first thing [my brother and me] [did] was to go out [for a walk] in the forest.

　　ABCD

　　53. [The little boy] runs [very faster] than [most] of his classmates [in the school].

　　ABCD

　　54. She [liked] her job [as] a waitress [because] she enjoyed [to meet people].

　　ABCD

　　55. There [are] many children [and] adults [whom] behavior[is] generally unacceptable.

　　ABCD

　　Part IV Cloze (10%)

　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

　　I have a friend who put her career on hold after she got married and had children. She stayed at home until the oldest was four years old, 56 she began doing part-time jobs to get out of the house. That wasnt enough, so she took a full-time job, which 57 her to travel. She was making more money than her husband, even 58 four years off the market. Her in-laws, who believe a womans only function is housekeeping, 59 to her husband with their negative opinions. Emotionally torn (受折磨的）, he wanted to 60 his wife but was conditioned by loyalty (忠誠) to his parents ideals. Naturally, his wife also felt 61,eager to purse her vision but emotionally invested in her husband and family.

　　I 62 her to go with her vision, because its her life. Too many women give up their career dreams to 63 a relationship. Thats traditional, but it can 64 you crazy. And some dreams, if you dont purse them in time, will pass you 65 . When youre finally free to go 66 them, youve 67 the window of opportunity. After further discussion, her husband went along, 68 he valued the relationship as much as she did.

　　Conversely (相反地) , a former student, whose husband felt 69 by her earning more money than he did, ended her 70 consulting practice and gave up a six-figure income. To 71 conflict in her relationship, she abandoned her passion. Maybe she should have abandoned her husbands 72 thinking and surrounded herself instead with people who believed in her.

　　A relationship must be mutually 73, and any genuine relationship will adjust to change. When you

　　recognize that a relationship is putting out your fire, ask yourself 74 you should gracefully go away and realize your dreams. Communicate how much your vision means to you, do it in a relationship-friendly 75 , and the people in your life will surprise you.

　　56A. what B. where C. which D. when

　　57A. requested B. aroused C. required D. provided

　　58A.beside B.after C.beyond D.before

　　59A. complained B. governed C. quarreled D. sympathized

　　60A. separate B. guarantee C. support D. oppose

　　61A. relieved B. confirmed C. resolved D. conflicted

　　62A. objected B. encouraged C. perceived D. released

　　63A.protect B.destroy C.provide D.resemble

　　64A. do B. drive C. look D. find

　　65A.in B.out C.by D.off

　　66A.among B.through C.before D.after

　　67A.missed B.acquired C.received D.forgot

　　68A.although B.while C.because D.however

　　69A. conquered B. threatened C. transformed D. assured

　　70A. successful B. thoughtful C. revolutionary D. primitive

　　71A. explore B. defeat C. approach D. avoid

　　72A. enforced B. limited C. ventured D. extended

　　73A. logical B. successive C. beneficial D. synthetic

　　74A. whether B. where C. how D. which

　　75A.path B.route C.road D.way

　　Part V Translation (20%)

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.

　　76. The value of the penny has been dropping for year.

　　77. Many people survey said they feared they would end up paying more for products.

　　78. Later, Charles went back to school for two more years.

　　79. He wrote 2, 000 words a day and he required complete quiet while he wrote.

　　80. Some countries are creating policies to deal with the growing e-waste problem.

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.

　　81.這些人急需食物和水。

　　82.我相信你是班上最棒的。

　　83.瑪麗一回來，我就會把信給她的。

　　84.眾所周知，吸煙有害健康。

　　85.在你考慮之后，請告訴我你的決定。