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雅思寫作全方位備考經(jīng)驗
引導(dǎo)語:為了更好的幫助考生們備考雅思寫作,下面小編給大家?guī)硌潘紝懽魅轿粋淇冀?jīng)驗,希望能夠?qū)Υ蠹矣兴鶐椭?/p>
一、重視寫作素材的積累
平時的練習(xí)的時候建議同學(xué)要多閱讀和收集?荚掝}。如果有比較長的時間復(fù)習(xí),大家可以一邊按照題材總結(jié)收集素材,一邊從寫句子的基本功入手。每個話題的每道題目,先總結(jié)好中文的分論點和分論點的論證。注意,中文一定要簡單,清晰,不要有太多修飾;然后自己每天把其中的幾段寫成英文,如此做100個段落以上的積累,英語寫作水平就會有質(zhì)的提高。
明確中英文表達(dá)思路的差異有很多同學(xué)會在有這樣的疑問,中文作文寫的很好,但是英文作文卻總是難以取得高分,歸結(jié)起來原因還是在于寫作思路上存在著很大的差異和區(qū)別。英文喜歡的是直線思維。不需要太麻煩。所以在結(jié)構(gòu)上可以按照駁論和立論的模式展開,當(dāng)然還有一種駁一半。因為一種觀點總有合理和不合理的兩面。所以在復(fù)雜一點的結(jié)構(gòu)中,可以把這兩個方面都寫出來。而中文的寫作思路恰恰與英文相反,講求更加含蓄的表達(dá),也并非是直線思維,因此也就出現(xiàn)了中文作文優(yōu)秀但英文作文卻不理想的情況。同學(xué)們在備考的過程中要注重這種差異,在復(fù)習(xí)的過程中有意識的訓(xùn)練自己的英文寫作思路。
二、文章整體邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)
雅思作文要想獲得高分其邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)很重要,下面以議論文為例進(jìn)行一下解釋。雅思議論文的準(zhǔn)備首先是邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。也就是說你必須知道議論文分三部分,每部分有哪些思路(每條思路有哪些句型),這才是你要重點準(zhǔn)備的。議論文的中間段落是拿高分的重點。一般來講有兩種結(jié)構(gòu)模式:立論和駁論。立論的結(jié)構(gòu)是這樣的:(分論點)……In other words(解釋論證)……For example(舉例論證)……Conversely(強對比論證)……這是三種最基本的論證方法?梢杂靡环N,也可以用兩種或三種。把論證方法標(biāo)志性的詞匯準(zhǔn)備得背誦下來,更方便考官在閱讀的時候抓住你的思路。另外一種是駁論:Some people think that (敵人的觀點)……, because they think(敵人簡單的論據(jù))……However, they are oversimplifying the situation. In fact, (敵人的第一條錯誤)…….In addtion,(敵人的第二條錯誤).Last but not least, (敵人的第三條錯誤)…….反駁的時候說一句話,兩句話還是三句話可以酌情處理。當(dāng)然掌握了這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)以后,還會有更復(fù)雜的變化,不過它們是基礎(chǔ)。接下來要細(xì)化的就是駁論和論證方法的思路和句型。對于語言結(jié)構(gòu)同學(xué)們要掌握基本句型,擴展方式,在這個基礎(chǔ)上熟記一些議論文慣用的語言,可以讓你多寫一些單詞,表達(dá)更豐滿。
三、寫作速度
寫作的速度涉及到三方面的問題,需要同學(xué)們給予足夠的重視。
一是構(gòu)思的速度。你需要對雅思最常考的題材比較熟悉。第二,是對句型的熟悉。什么意思用什么句型只有通過多寫多練才會有積累才會提高寫作速度。第三是寫單詞的速度,尤其是長單詞。在平時練習(xí)的時候一定要寫,而不是想,即使這個單詞你會背也一定要寫一遍。
四、寫作模版
很有用關(guān)于模板,不止一位考官的觀點是,模板不是不能用,但是一定要恰當(dāng)。他們最討厭的模板是there are two sides of every coin...所以沒有萬能模板,你只有把議論文的每部分可能的情況和句型背清楚,然后才能選擇使用。換言之,模板是有的,但是沒有一個萬能模板。寫作是一個長期積累的英語綜合實力的體現(xiàn),你死記硬背模板,固定句型倒背如流,但除此之外的表達(dá)一塌糊涂,這并不能幫你撈到一點可憐的分?jǐn)?shù)。
延伸閱讀:雅思寫作有效句子或段落的五要素
1. 一致:如句內(nèi)的邏輯關(guān)系,注意檢查是否存在簡單推論、邏輯殘缺、邏輯悖論、依賴偏見等。
Born in a small town in South Chinain the early 1950s, he grew up to be a famous musician.
→ He was born in a small town in South China in the early 1950s. In his childhood he liked to sing songs. Later he entered a conservatory. In the 1970s he became a famous musician.
2. 連貫:這個問題在平行結(jié)構(gòu)、共用主語、使用指代的情況下尤其需要注意。
We thought she was charming, intelligent, and a very capable young woman.
→ We thought she was charming, intelligent, and very capable.
Or: We thought she was a charming, intelligent, and very capable young woman.
He was knocked down by a bicycle, but it was not serious.
→ He was knocked down by a bicycle, but was not badly injured.
Looking out of the window, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach.
→ Looking out of the window, we can see the grassland stretching as far as the eye can reach.
Or: Outside the window, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach.
He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, which nobody believed.
→ He gave a reason, which nobody believed, for not attending the meeting.
Or: He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, a reason which nobody believed.
3. 簡潔:英美文化推崇坦率和直接,通常不需要體現(xiàn)咱儒家文化的含蓄和委婉。
It was small in size and blue in colour.
→ It was small and blue.
He usually likes to drink all kinds of wines that are produced in France.
→ He prefers French wines.
4. 強調(diào):正如每篇文章都要有中心思想(main idea),每個段落都要有主題句(topic sentence)一般,每個句子都要圍繞一個中心觀點清晰地呈現(xiàn)出作者想要表現(xiàn)的重點。
He is modest and hardworking and is a good student.
→ He is a good student, modest and hardworking.
There is a big tree, which is said to be 300 years old, in the temple.
→ In the temple there is a big tree, which is said to be 300 years old.
At the sight of the disorderly crowd, he was aware that something bad would be possible.
→ The moment he saw the disorderly crowd, he knew that something bad would happen.
5. 多樣:中文重重復(fù),英文重替代,中英差異使然。
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