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2017雅思聽力速記符號
導(dǎo)語:學(xué)會(huì)雅思聽力速記符號,得高分不再難。下面YJBYS小編分享雅思聽力速記符號,歡迎參考!
在雅思考試中聽譯,口譯考試聽力部分最令人發(fā)怵的環(huán)節(jié),初學(xué)者往往在這部分手忙腳亂,抓不到要領(lǐng)。其實(shí),要練好雅思考試中的聽譯,必須做到耳、心、手三者同步配合,但是在最開始的訓(xùn)練中,我們還是要一步步分開強(qiáng)化的。 聽譯突破的第一步中,我們先來總體介紹一下傳說中的神秘“速記符號”——事實(shí)上,這絕非傳說!這也不是什么申請了專利權(quán)的東西,就跟簽名一樣,大家各有各的方法和style。
1.縮寫
有固定縮寫的用固定縮寫,沒有固定縮寫的就自己創(chuàng)造。例如organization:org,這個(gè)固定縮寫比較常見,但是如果出現(xiàn)諸如handkerchief這樣的詞,大家可以記成hdkf、handkch等各種形式,當(dāng)然要先確保自己看得懂。在這種情況下,也許直接記錄中文會(huì)更省事。
2.雜交式速記
所謂雜交式,就是說速記的時(shí)候英文縮寫、英文字母、其他符號、中文都是要混合運(yùn)用的,一般不太有全篇英文速記到底的情況。哪種速記方式更快,那么下筆就用哪種。
3.圖像法
圖像法包括簡單圖像和抽象符號,例如記錄“壓力”就可以畫一條橫線加一個(gè)向下壓的箭頭。
總的說來,筆記速記符號的掌握原則只有兩個(gè)字:靈活。就像涂鴉一樣,這不是一成不變的東西,但絕對是要求多多練習(xí)的東西,不然涂鴉出來的就是一團(tuán)糟而不是藝術(shù)創(chuàng)造了。總體地了解一些速記符號、方法,只是打好聽譯功底的第一步,隨后,某蕉還會(huì)繼續(xù)告訴大家,在實(shí)戰(zhàn)中如何去運(yùn)用這些符號和方法,請大家先好好記住這些有用的符號,并自己多練練手吧。
附:
f = frequency
Leave out periods in standard abbreviations.
cf = compare
e.g. = example
dept = department
Use only the first syllable of a word.
pol = politics
dem = democracy
lib = liberal
cap = capitalism
Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable. pres = presentation
subj = subject
ind = individual
cons = conservative
Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.
assoc = associate
biol = biology
info = information
ach = achievement
chem = chemistry
max = maximum
intro = introduction
conc = concentration
min = minimum
rep = repetition
Omit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.
ppd = prepared
prblm = problem
estmt = estimate
bkgd = background
gvt = government
Use an apostrophe in place of letters.
am't = amount
cont'd = continued
gov't = government
educat'l = educational
Form the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.
chpts = chapters
egs = examples
fs = frequencies
intros = introductions
Use g to represent ing endings.
ckg = checking
estg = establishing
decrg = decreasing
exptg = experimenting
w/ = with
w/o = without
vs = against
\ = therefore
= = is or equal
o = degrees
H2O = water
@ at
2 to
4 for
& and
w/ with
w/o without
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