十大翻譯技巧
要想成為一名職業(yè)翻譯，要使譯文顯得比較流暢和專業(yè)，就必須懂得翻譯技巧，下面小編就給大家?guī)硎蠓g技巧，謝謝您的閱讀，祝您閱讀愉快。
一、同義反譯法
1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
酒吧間只有三個顧客還沒有走。
(不譯：“還留著”或“還呆在那里”)
2. I'll be here for good this time.
這一次我再也不走了。
(不譯：“永遠在此呆下去”)
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
我不在家的時候，別讓爐子滅了。
(不譯：“我外出時，請讓爐子繼續(xù)燒著”)
4. "Wait, he is serious."
等等，他不是說著玩兒的。
(不譯：”等等，他是認真的�！�)
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
聽我說，克拉拉，對這孩子可不能心軟。
(不譯：”......對這孩子要堅定“)
二、刪減解釋詞
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
到南方去的人看見那些黑白混血的女郎，一定會注意到她們十之八九都有那種獨特的優(yōu)雅風(fēng)度、那種溫柔的聲音和文靜的舉止。
三、 短句拆譯
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
在六月里的一天早上，天氣晴朗......
四、譯詞推陳出新
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with doubts, scruples and equivocality, in addition to the ordinary fears of a lower.
原譯：當(dāng)他可以大膽行動的時候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己除了一個情人所具有的那種普通的害怕之外，心里還充滿懷疑、顧慮和躊躇。
改譯：等到他不妨放膽去追求的時候，他卻遲疑不定，顧慮重重。至于一般墮入情網(wǎng)的人那種常有的提心吊膽的心理，那就更是難免的了。
五、解釋性添詞
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.
”喬治，我真替你害臊﹗喬治，想不到你會干出這種事情來﹗俗話說得好：滾著的碌碡不長苔，流浪的漢子不攢財。我早知道你就是這么一個流浪漢﹗可真沒有想到你連貝格納特和孩子們靠它過活的那一點點財也騙走“，貝格納特太太說道。
六、詞無定譯
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous conditi.
我們根本不必追問政府是否根據(jù)刑法或民法對范德比爾特提出起訴。范德比爾特不僅逍遙法外，而且在兩年后又以極其兇狠的手段對政府進行過一次巨大的詐騙。
七、精煉譯詞
A new dignity crept into his walk.
原譯：走路的姿態(tài)不知甚么時候開始給人一種莊重的印象。
改譯：走起路來，不覺平添了幾分尊嚴。
八、 刪削"When"字
1. When he saw me, he was startled.
他看見我，嚇了一大跳。
(不譯：當(dāng)他看見我的時候......)
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the head, and knocking on them round?"
“你那些女黑奴哭得那么傷心，你還拿鞭子沒頭沒腦的抽，把她們打得死去活來，那有什么用呢?”
(不譯：當(dāng)你那些女黑奴哭得那么傷心的時候，你還拿鞭子......)
九、感嘆詞的不同譯法
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want them!"
"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
“媽媽，別這樣﹗我喜歡這些花，把花給我吧，我要﹗ ”
“得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都滿了�！�
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
“喲，真是怪事﹗”瑪利說，“你干嘛非要這個不可?”
十、順拆法
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue working/ for a better understanding of the interrelatihip between economic, social and demographic factors.
原譯：他的代表團同意執(zhí)行主任關(guān)于該基金會應(yīng)繼續(xù)為更好地了解經(jīng)濟、社會和人口的相互關(guān)系而努力的意見。
改譯：他的代表團同意執(zhí)行主任的意見，認為該基金會應(yīng)繼續(xù)努力， 以求更好地了解經(jīng)濟、社會和人口這三方面的相互關(guān)系。
定語從句的翻譯技巧：
簡單定語從句的翻譯技巧
所謂簡單的定語從句，是指一個句子只含一個定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)。這類定語從句，不論是限制性的還是非限制笥的`，在結(jié)構(gòu)上與先行詞的關(guān)系比較簡單，翻譯時多譯成定語，也可譯成并列句、狀語從句或獨立句等；這種定語從句還可譯成句子成分，即和先行詞放在一起翻譯，它有如下幾種情況：
1．譯成主句把先行詞譯成定語，而把定語從句譯成主句：
In the northern Balkans where the Bulgars were a constant threat to the empire, Basil Ii won such a crushing victory in 1014 that he was known thereafter as Bulgaroktouns, or the Bulgar-Slayer.
巴爾干半島北部的保加利亞人，一直是帝國的威脅，1014年，巴西耳二世在巴爾干半島北部取得決定性勝利，從此被稱為屠殺保加利亞人的劊子手。
2． 譯成謂語 把先行詞或主句譯成主語，把定語從句譯成謂語或動賓結(jié)構(gòu)：
In the East the Persians, who had been bribed into peace during Justinians reign, now set out under their ambitious king of kings, Chosroes II, to eliminate altogether the East Roman Empire.
在東部，查士丁尼統(tǒng)治時期，波斯人因曾與拜占廷媾和；現(xiàn)在，他們在野心勃勃的大皇帝科斯羅埃斯二世的率領(lǐng)下，開始全面消滅東羅馬帝國。（謂語）
復(fù)雜定語從句的翻譯技巧
一主二仆式定語從句是指一個先行詞帶有兩個或兩個以上定語從句的情況。該結(jié)構(gòu)中的定語從句比較規(guī)范，均修飾一個先行詞，在翻譯時，雖然也遵循一般定語從句的翻譯技巧和方法，但還有其獨特的地方。歸納起來，有如下幾種情況：
1）譯成定語 可以把兩個定語從句譯成并列的定語，也可譯成分開的定語修飾先地詞，或分別修飾重復(fù)的先行詞。
and the old ways of earning a living rivalled by new agricultural techniques, by commerce with hitherto unknown parts of the globe, and by new crafts with strane machines that saved labor and that ran without the traditional human or animal power
古老的謀生之道正受到新的農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)、新的貿(mào)易、新的行業(yè)的挑戰(zhàn)；這種新貿(mào)易是與世界上一向無人知曉的地區(qū)進行的貿(mào)易，而種種新行業(yè)則是使用一些無需傳統(tǒng)的人力畜力驅(qū)動、可節(jié)省勞動力的奇特機遇。（并列的定語）
Almost everything which really matters and which the world possessed at the commencement of the modern age was already known to man at the dawn of history.
近代史開始時，世界擁有的每一項重大成就，已為歷史發(fā)端期的人們所知曉。（分開的定語）
And it helps to explain why so many inventions that were of Chinese origin or that had been known to the Greco-Romans, were fully developed and exploited ony by the Western Europeans.
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