翻譯資格考試英語(yǔ)高級(jí)口譯指導(dǎo)

　　總結(jié)是對(duì)過(guò)去一定時(shí)期的工作、學(xué)習(xí)或思想情況進(jìn)行回顧、分析，并做出客觀評(píng)價(jià)的書(shū)面材料，它可以明確下一步的工作方向，少走彎路，少犯錯(cuò)誤，提高工作效益，快快來(lái)寫(xiě)一份總結(jié)吧。如何把總結(jié)做到重點(diǎn)突出呢？以下是小編整理的翻譯資格考試英語(yǔ)高級(jí)口譯指導(dǎo)，歡迎閱讀與收藏。

　　翻譯資格考試英語(yǔ)高級(jí)口譯指導(dǎo)

　　指導(dǎo)一

　　1.原文：All around was open loneliness and black solitude,over which a stiff breeze blew。(Thomas Hardy:Tess of the d'Urbervilles)

　　譯文：周?chē)�一切，只是一片空曠的荒寒，一團(tuán)漆黑的僻靜，一股勁風(fēng)，在上面吹動(dòng)。(張谷若譯)

　　賞析：“一片”、“一團(tuán)”、“一股”，量詞的準(zhǔn)確使用增強(qiáng)了疑問(wèn)的表現(xiàn)力。

　　2.原文：She denied it,denied everything,bone and stone.

　　譯文：她矢口否認(rèn)，死不認(rèn)賬。

　　賞析：原文中的"bone and stone"形象生動(dòng)，但將其直譯成“語(yǔ)氣硬得像骨頭和石頭”，去不一定能為我國(guó)讀者所接受，改譯成“死不認(rèn)賬”，就自然、生動(dòng)的多。翻譯本 來(lái)就是一個(gè)有得有失的過(guò)程，完全傳達(dá)原文的意義、精神、意韻、形象實(shí)不可能，好的譯者總是善于抓住原文的精髓，在譯文中盡力將其傳達(dá)出來(lái)，而將原文那些相 對(duì)而言不甚重要的且又無(wú)法傳達(dá)的割舍開(kāi)去，借用依據(jù)哲學(xué)的術(shù)語(yǔ)，就是“抓住要矛盾或矛盾的主要方面”，至于哪些是“主要矛盾或矛盾的主要方面”，哪些是 “次要矛盾或矛盾的次要方面”，取決于翻譯的目的、翻譯語(yǔ)境以及譯者的理解能力。

　　3.原文：The reverberation of fighting between the forces of India and Pakistan are reaching us in increasing volume.

　　譯文：印度和巴基斯坦兩國(guó)部隊(duì)的殺伐聲一陣緊似一陣傳到我們這里來(lái)。(黃邦杰：《譯藝譚》)

　　賞析：黃邦杰先生說(shuō)：“對(duì)一個(gè)譯者來(lái)說(shuō)，譯一個(gè)詞，不僅要正確的把詞義譯出，而且要把這詞所具有的特色、詞義的細(xì)微差別以及作者褒貶的態(tài)度和正反的說(shuō)法， 不溫不火、不多不少地加以體現(xiàn)。”"The reverberation of fighting"譯為“殺伐聲”，"in increasing volume"譯為“一陣緊似一陣”，繪聲繪色，活靈活現(xiàn)，讓人不能不佩服。

　　4.原文：The ignorant old woman who ruled for the entire last half of the nineteenth century did more than any other single person to hold back China's progress.(Lin Yutang:Moment in Peking)

　　譯文：那個(gè)愚蠢無(wú)知的老太婆統(tǒng)治了十九世紀(jì)后五十年，使中國(guó)不能進(jìn)步，她可算功勞第一。(張振玉譯)

　　賞析：“她可算是功勞第一”，反語(yǔ)的使用，辛辣無(wú)比。

　　本期練習(xí):翻譯下列句子

　　His discourse,says Speidel,"become lost in fantastic digressions."

　　答案:

　　譯文：斯派達(dá)爾后來(lái)說(shuō)，他的的談話“越說(shuō)越遠(yuǎn)，越說(shuō)越離奇，最后不知說(shuō)到哪里去了�！�

　　賞析：只有五個(gè)詞的"became lost in fantastic digressions",被譯成了由十九個(gè)漢字組成的、由三個(gè)逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)的、意思上層層遞進(jìn)的獨(dú)立成份，譯者的引申不可謂不遠(yuǎn)，但引申始終是圍繞作者的原 意這個(gè)軸心來(lái)進(jìn)行的。翻譯技巧上所說(shuō)的“添詞不添意”指的就是這種處理

　　指導(dǎo)二

　　1.原文：...but he had still at intervals a kind listener in Mrs.Philips,and was ,by her watchfulness,most abundantly supplied with coffee and muffin.(Jane Austen:Pride and Prejudice)

　　譯文：不過(guò)，菲利普斯太太間或還好心好意地聽(tīng)他說(shuō)說(shuō)話，而且虧她留心關(guān)照，總是源源不斷地給他倒咖啡，添松餅。(孫致禮譯)

　　賞析：對(duì)比原文與譯文會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)：原文主語(yǔ)是"he"，譯文中主語(yǔ)改成了“菲利普斯太太”，原文中作賓語(yǔ)的名詞"listener",譯成漢語(yǔ)后成了動(dòng)賓詞組 “聽(tīng)他說(shuō)說(shuō)話”，在譯句作謂語(yǔ)，當(dāng)然，"kind"也就譯成了副詞“好心好意地”，修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。后面的介詞賓語(yǔ)"watchfulness",在譯句中 也化成了動(dòng)詞，作謂語(yǔ)。原文中只用了一個(gè)"supplied"，譯成漢語(yǔ)成了“倒”和“添”兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，后面各自帶自己的賓語(yǔ)。這些翻譯技巧的使用都是為了表達(dá)上的需要，形勢(shì)雖然變了，內(nèi)容卻不變，而且譯文同原文一樣文從字順。

　　2.原文：He would carry a fowling piece on his shoulder,for hours together,trudging through woods and swamps,and up hill and down dale,to shoot a few squirrels or wild pigeons.(Washington Irving:"Rip Van Winkle")

　　譯文：有時(shí)他還會(huì)為了打幾只松鼠或野鴿子，掮著一支槍?zhuān)�穿林越澤，上山入谷，一連跋涉好幾個(gè)鐘頭。(萬(wàn)紫、雨寧譯)

　　賞析：目的放前，行為放后，這是漢語(yǔ)的一種行文習(xí)慣。"carry"譯成“掮著”，而不是“扛著”，味道更足�！按┝衷綕桑�上山入谷”譯得更簡(jiǎn)潔明了，且 暗含一點(diǎn)幽默的意味。用“跋涉”一詞來(lái)形容Rip Van Winkle為了打獵不辭辛苦地到處跑，頗能傳神，也是為了傳達(dá)那么一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的幽默。

　　3.原文：Let us go into this deserted woodman's hut,and see how he has passed the long winter nights and the short and stormy days.(Henry David Thoreau:"A Winter Walk")

　　譯文：那邊有一座樵夫的小屋，樵夫本人不在，但我們也不妨進(jìn)去看看。冬夜漫長(zhǎng)，冬日苦短而多風(fēng)雪，這種生活真是夠那樵夫忍受的。(夏濟(jì)安譯)

　　賞析：原文只一句話，用"and"將兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)連在一起，譯成漢語(yǔ)，成了六個(gè)小句。譯文以“那邊”開(kāi)頭，是為了承接上文;"deserted"只是一個(gè) 詞，在譯文中化成了一個(gè)句子(“樵夫本人不在”);“我們也不妨進(jìn)去看看”，譯得委婉，同時(shí)與“樵夫本人不在”形成照應(yīng)。譯文的后半部相對(duì)于原文結(jié)構(gòu)上調(diào) 整較大，兩個(gè)名次詞組("the long winter nights","the short stormy days")都被譯成了小句，并列在一起，烘托出樵夫生活的艱辛。整個(gè)譯文雖在結(jié)構(gòu)上與原文有很大不同，但意思準(zhǔn)確，表達(dá)自然、流暢。

　　4.原文：He was not mean in friendship nor in ambition.

　　譯文：他講友誼，有抱負(fù)。

　　賞析：莎士比亞有言："Brevity is the soul of wit",寫(xiě)文章也好，搞翻譯也好，簡(jiǎn)潔都是可貴的品質(zhì)。這里的譯者將原文的否定正譯，用了兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)相同的動(dòng)賓詞組，形成并列，干凈、利索。

　　本期練習(xí):翻譯下列句子

　　He sank down with his face in his hands.

　　答案:

　　He sank down with his face in his hands.

　　譯文：他兩手蒙著臉，一屁股坐了下去。

　　賞析：增詞法是英譯漢常用的技巧之一。所謂增詞法，“就是在翻譯是按意義上(或修辭上)和句法上的需要增加一些詞來(lái)表達(dá)更忠實(shí)通順地表達(dá)原文的思想內(nèi)容” (《英漢翻譯教程》)。此處英文句子，本來(lái)用“他兩手蒙著臉，坐了下去”，就已經(jīng)可以傳達(dá)基本意思了，增加了“一屁股”三個(gè)字，使譯文更加生動(dòng)形象。

　　指導(dǎo)三

　　1.原文：On this board,thirsty strangers deposited their cups as they stood in the road and drank,and threw the dregs on the dusty ground to the pattern of Polynesia,and wished they could have a restful seat inside.(Thomas Hardy:Tess of the d'Urbervilles)

　　譯文：患酒喝的客人，都站在路上買(mǎi)醉，往這塊隔板上放空酒杯;他們把酒渣兒灑在滿是塵土的地上，做成玻里尼西亞群島的花樣。他們很想能在屋子里面，有一個(gè)安身落座的地方。(張谷若譯)

　　賞析："thirsty"是“口渴的”的意思，用在原文中當(dāng)然不是指“客人”渴了想喝水，譯成“患酒喝得”恐怕是最好的選擇�！罢驹诼飞腺I(mǎi)醉”，似乎不是 很忠實(shí)于原文，但轉(zhuǎn)念一想，既然愛(ài)酒都愛(ài)到"thirsty"的地步，那么終于尋找到了一個(gè)喝酒的機(jī)會(huì)，不喝個(gè)半醉不醉，反而不可想象了，所以“買(mǎi)酒”即 “買(mǎi)醉”。

　　2.原文：No greater misfortune can befall a country than to be governed by an old tyrant.

　　譯文：國(guó)之橫禍，莫過(guò)于暴君當(dāng)政。

　　賞析：現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)是在古漢語(yǔ)的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來(lái)的，相當(dāng)于現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)，古漢語(yǔ)有它自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)，如詞匯豐富、語(yǔ)法有彈性、表情表意能力強(qiáng)等等，在寫(xiě)作和翻譯時(shí)，適當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)用一些古漢語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)素或詞，能給文章帶來(lái)一種書(shū)卷氣，顯得莊重典雅。上面這個(gè)譯例就體現(xiàn)了這種特色，譯者靈活套用了古漢語(yǔ)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，使用了古漢語(yǔ)的個(gè)別語(yǔ)素(詞語(yǔ))，譯出的句子簡(jiǎn)潔、莊重，讀者好似看見(jiàn)了一個(gè)學(xué)識(shí)淵博的老學(xué)究在搖頭晃腦地評(píng)說(shuō)歷史。

　　3.原文：Hearing Debs was an experience.

　　譯文：聽(tīng)德布斯演講可真帶勁。

　　賞析：如果說(shuō)上一譯句讓我們看見(jiàn)了一個(gè)學(xué)識(shí)淵博的老學(xué)究在搖頭晃腦地評(píng)說(shuō)歷史的話，讀了這一句譯文，我們看到的是另一種場(chǎng)面：一個(gè)求知若渴、激情滿懷的青 年學(xué)子在聽(tīng)了一場(chǎng)演講后，眉飛色舞地對(duì)沒(méi)有去聽(tīng)演講的同伴大談特談演講人演講藝術(shù)之高超。譯者使用了口語(yǔ)體“可真帶勁”來(lái)譯"was an experience",準(zhǔn)確、生動(dòng)。

　　4.原文：Charity begins at home,they say.(Thomas Hardy:Tess of the d'Urbervilles)

　　譯文：人家不是說(shuō)，行善得由己及人嗎?(張谷若譯)

　　賞析：“行善得由己及人”，在形式上頗像哲言警句，在意義上非常忠實(shí)于原文。

　　翻譯下列句子

　　He was a fool for danger.

　　答案：

　　原文：He was a fool for danger.

　　譯文：他是個(gè)天不怕、地不怕的人。

　　賞析：英譯漢時(shí)，常常會(huì)遇到一些詞或詞組，在詞典上找不到恰當(dāng)?shù)淖g詞(組)，如逐字死譯，只會(huì)使譯文生硬晦澀，這是就需要對(duì)詞或詞組的意義進(jìn)行某種處 理。"a fool for danger"譯為“天不怕地不怕的人”，是做了釋義的處理，譯者巧妙地借用了漢語(yǔ)里的俗語(yǔ)“天不怕地不怕”，形象地傳達(dá)了譯句的“意”和“情”。

　　指導(dǎo)四

　　1.原文：The night was as dark by this time as it would be until morning;and what light we had, seemed to come more from the river than the sky,as the oars in their dipping struck at a few reflected stars.(Charles Dickens:Great Expectations)

　　譯文：這時(shí)夜色已經(jīng)黑透，看來(lái)就要這樣一直黑到天明;我們僅有的一點(diǎn)光亮，似乎不是來(lái)自天空，而是來(lái)自河上，一槳又一槳的，攪動(dòng)著那寥寥幾顆倒映在水里的寒星。(王科一譯)

　　賞析：天色已經(jīng)黑透，月亮尚未升起，只有幾點(diǎn)孤星在天空閃耀，倒映在水里，水手輕輕地、一槳一槳地劃，船漿劃破了水面的平靜，也攪碎了孤星倒映在水里的一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)清冷的光。沒(méi)有用什么特別的形容詞，也不需要什么特別的翻譯技 巧，大體順著原文往下譯，只是在必要的時(shí)候做一點(diǎn)變換，化原文的“形合”(如"as"等的使用)為譯文的“意合”，便將原文的意境全部呈現(xiàn)了出來(lái)，譯文之 美絲毫不亞于原文，這實(shí)在是一種真功夫。雖然譯文的美，來(lái)自于所有詞語(yǔ)共同構(gòu)建起來(lái)的意境，但單個(gè)譯語(yǔ)的選擇之獨(dú)到，不能不讓我們擊節(jié)稱(chēng)贊，如“一槳又一 槳的”，“攪動(dòng)著那寥寥幾顆倒映在水里的寒星”，都是詩(shī)一樣的語(yǔ)言。

　　2.原文：All things beside seem to be called in for shelter,and what stays out must be part of the original frame of the universe,and of such valor as God himself. (Henry David Thoreau:"A Winter Walk")

　　譯文：別的東西都尋求隱蔽保護(hù)去了，凡是能卓然獨(dú)立于寒風(fēng)之中者，一定是天地靈氣之所鐘，是自然界骨氣的表現(xiàn)，他們具有和天神一般的勇敢。(夏濟(jì)安譯)

　　賞析：一般性翻譯，只要譯文準(zhǔn)確、通順，大抵就說(shuō)得過(guò)去了，而文學(xué)作品的翻譯要求卻高得多，譯文除了準(zhǔn)確、通順以外，還必須傳達(dá)出原文語(yǔ)言上的文學(xué) “味”。請(qǐng)看這里的譯句，“卓然獨(dú)立于寒風(fēng)之中”、“天地靈氣之所鐘”，都是文學(xué)的語(yǔ)言。郭沫若說(shuō)，對(duì)于一個(gè)翻譯文學(xué)作品的人來(lái)說(shuō)，“一杯伏特卡酒不能換 作一杯白開(kāi)水，總要還它一杯汾酒或茅臺(tái)，才算盡了責(zé)”。

　　3.原文：But this naval competition strained the Liberal Government's principles as well as their budgets.

　　譯文：但是這種海軍競(jìng)賽使自由黨政府的原則無(wú)法自圓其說(shuō)，也使其預(yù)算捉襟見(jiàn)肘。

　　賞析：英文中有些詞詞義搭配能力很強(qiáng)，像這里的"strained",一個(gè)詞便帶了兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，一個(gè)抽象，一個(gè)具體，完全按照英文句子結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)譯，譯文勢(shì)必顯 得笨重，將"strained the Liberal Government's principles as well as their budgets"拆成兩部分翻譯，并使用漢語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)“自圓其說(shuō)”和“捉襟見(jiàn)肘”，就干凈利落多了。翻譯技巧是為翻譯效果服務(wù)的，對(duì)于容易翻譯的句子，翻譯技 巧可能顯得多余，譯者也不會(huì)有意識(shí)地使用翻譯技巧，而對(duì)于譯起來(lái)較難的句子，有意識(shí)的運(yùn)用翻譯技巧，恐怕就很有必要了。

　　4.原文：His mother had whipped him for drinking some cream which he had never tasted and knew nothing about;it was plain that she was tired of him and wished him to go;if she felt that way,there was nothing for him to do but to succumb.(Mark Twain:The Adventures of Tom Sawyer)

　　譯文：他的媽媽怪他吃了奶油，還揍了他一頓，其實(shí)他根本沒(méi)有吃，對(duì)奶油的事兒一無(wú)所知;她分明是在討厭他，希望他走得遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的。既然她有那個(gè)念頭，他也沒(méi)辦法，只有認(rèn)了。(嚴(yán)維明譯)

　　賞析：漢語(yǔ)行文，多將原因放前，結(jié)尾放后，故在譯文中，“怪他吃了奶油”調(diào)到了“還揍他一頓”之前，除此之外，譯文基本是順著原文結(jié)構(gòu)譯下來(lái)的。為了再現(xiàn) 原文的風(fēng)格，譯文選詞用語(yǔ)注重通俗、口語(yǔ)化，如用“媽媽”而不用“母親”，用“怪他吃了奶油”，不說(shuō)“責(zé)備他吃了奶油”。譯文后半部也極平易淺近，自然流 暢。

　　本期練習(xí):翻譯下列句子

　　If you think me in a way to be happier than I deserve,I am quite of your opinion.

　　答案:

　　If you think me in a way to be happier than I deserve,I am quite of your opinion.

　　譯文：如果你認(rèn)為我的幸福來(lái)之太易，得之有愧，那我完全同意你的看法。(張經(jīng)浩)

　　賞析：“如果你認(rèn)為我的幸福來(lái)之太易，得之有愧”，是地道的漢語(yǔ)，是在吃透原文意義、精神基礎(chǔ)上的再創(chuàng)造，明顯比譯者自己的初譯“如果你認(rèn)為我已得到的幸福比我應(yīng)該得到的更多”要好

　　指導(dǎo)五

　　1.原文：Thus the initiative to partition Poland completely,to deny the Polish people any independent existence of their own whatsoever,came from the Russians.But the Germans did not need much urging to agree.

　　譯文：由此可見(jiàn)，首先提出完全瓜分波瀾，不許波蘭人成為一個(gè)獨(dú)立民族存在的，是俄國(guó)人。德國(guó)人當(dāng)然求之不得。

　　賞析："Thus"譯為“由此可見(jiàn)”，表現(xiàn)了譯者在譯詞時(shí)的靈活性;"partition"在英文中本為中性詞，譯者根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容的語(yǔ)義，譯為“瓜分”， 表達(dá)出了作者的傾向性;"did not need much urging to agree"字面意思是“不需要催促就同意了”，譯者引申為“當(dāng)然求之不得”，符合作者寫(xiě)作時(shí)的感情傾向，即對(duì)強(qiáng)國(guó)欺辱弱小國(guó)家的憤怒。好的譯文總是能譯 出原文背后的“情”。

　　2.原文：Chilly gusts of wind with a taste of rain in them had well nigh dispeopled the streets.

　　譯文：陣陣寒風(fēng)，帶著雨意，街上冷冷清清，幾乎沒(méi)有什么人了。

　　賞析：英文是形合的文字，英語(yǔ)句 子講究結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn);漢語(yǔ)重意合，遣詞造句推崇形散而神不散。請(qǐng)看這里的英文句子，主、謂、賓一目了然，原因和結(jié)果清清楚楚，如果按這樣的順序、結(jié)構(gòu)直譯成漢 語(yǔ)，勢(shì)必凝滯不化。為了使譯句能夠體現(xiàn)漢語(yǔ)句式的特點(diǎn)，譯者大膽地進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，將原文一句切分成四個(gè)短語(yǔ)(小句)，充分利用句子內(nèi)部語(yǔ)義上的聯(lián)系，不 用任何關(guān)聯(lián)詞，由風(fēng)到雨，到街再到人，用白描的手法將一幅寒夜凄雨圖呈現(xiàn)在讀者面前。

　　本期練習(xí):翻譯下列句子

　　Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard.

　　答案:

　　原文：Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard.

　　譯文：俗話說(shuō)，衣柜里面藏骷髏，見(jiàn)不得人的事兒家家有。(徐式谷譯)

　　賞析：在英語(yǔ)中，"the skeleton in the cupboard"是個(gè)幾乎人人皆知的成語(yǔ)，但如果將其直譯成漢語(yǔ)“衣柜里的骷髏”，恐怕就沒(méi)有多少人能猜出它的意思。如何在翻譯中既保存原短語(yǔ)形象，又 能讓不熟悉英語(yǔ)文化的讀者了解原短語(yǔ)的意思，這實(shí)在是個(gè)困難。徐式谷先生的這個(gè)譯例可以給我們很多的啟發(fā)：譯文前一部分致力于保存原文的形象，后一部分解 釋原文的意思，且“髏”和“有”押韻，讀起來(lái)舒服、自在，很像句格言

　　英語(yǔ)高級(jí)口譯模擬翻譯練習(xí)

　　翻譯段落： 生存在功利社會(huì)，奔波勞頓，勾心斗角，若想做到從心所欲，難矣哉！人自孩提時(shí)代起，求學(xué)、謀職、戀愛(ài)、成家、立業(yè)、功名、財(cái)富……幾乎無(wú)時(shí)不在追求，而且總也不能滿足。當(dāng)然事業(yè)上的進(jìn)取與物欲上的貪婪，是兩種截然不同的人生觀，或可說(shuō)是兩種內(nèi)涵迥異的苦樂(lè)觀。但有一點(diǎn)是共同的，即人生的道路并非平坦的康莊大道，事物的發(fā)展往往不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移。與其陶醉在“夢(mèng)想成真”的幻覺(jué)中，莫若在實(shí)踐中多多磨礪自己，有道是“蒼天不負(fù)有心人”嘛！即或如此，也未必事事天遂人愿。總之，有追求必有煩惱，這就是生活的實(shí)際。

　　參考譯文： In a business society, where people run about in pursuit of personal gains at the expense of others, it is really difficult to do as you please. Ever since childhood we have been pursuing always; going to school, looking for a job, falling in love, getting married, and striving for success in career and accumulating wealth, but never have we seemed to be contented with ourselves. However, striving for success in career and seeking material profits are two different outlooks or, if you will, two intrinsically different views on what is hardship and what is happiness. But there is one thing that applies in either case, i.e. life is no plain sailing, and things go and grow independent of man’s will. One should instead of indulging in delusions of daydreaming, temper himself in life, as the saying goes, “Heaven does not let down the one that has a will.” Even so, one cannot expect to succeed in everything he undertakes. In short, anyone in pursuit of something is sure to be troubled by something else, and that is the way things are in life.

　　翻譯點(diǎn)評(píng)：

　　四處奔波：run about

　　追逐：in pursuit of，或者直接用動(dòng)詞pursue

　　本質(zhì)地：intrinsically。如果不知道intrinsic（固有的，本質(zhì)的，內(nèi)在的）這個(gè)詞，可以用basically、fundamentally這一類(lèi)的詞。也可以用其他方法來(lái)表達(dá)原文中“迥異”這個(gè)概念，如：as different as night and day，或者用diametrically，這個(gè)詞詞根是diameter,直徑。當(dāng)然，想不起來(lái)這么多，用一個(gè)totally也可以表達(dá)出這種例子。大家可以注意多積累一些這樣的同義詞。

　　康莊大道：這里以“一帆風(fēng)順”的意思來(lái)翻譯：plain sailing，或者用其他意譯方法，表達(dá)出“順利”“沒(méi)有挫折”之類(lèi)的意思都可以。

　　幻覺(jué)：delusion。這個(gè)詞與illusion的區(qū)別在于，illusion僅表示“幻覺(jué)，錯(cuò)覺(jué)，幻想”，delusion則有“受騙，騙局；妄想癥”的含義，用來(lái)表達(dá)這里的“幻覺(jué)”一詞，更有“欺騙性的，不真實(shí)的”這種意味。

　　英語(yǔ)高級(jí)口譯考試筆試真題音頻答案

　　SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)

　　Directions: In this part of the test,youwillhearapassageand read thesamepassage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear. the passage ONLY ONCE.

　　The parents set the rules and the children obey, right? Wrong. In a growing number of North American families, adults have let their children_____________(1). “Parents want to be nurturing love and make their small children happy, but many have become confused about_____________(2) to achieve this,” explains a noted psychologist. “Large numbers of parents are being_____________(3)”, to the point that entire families end up organizing themselves around_____________(4).

　　The problem is that many fathers and mothers try to be_____________(5) to their children. However, parenting is not a popularity contest._____________(6) is a normal part of child development and is strongest between_____________(7). Setting rules and enforcing them teaches the child that he or she is _____________(8) but not equal in authority. Then a child feel safe and secure and can be kid again. Believe it or not, It’s frightening for a child to realize they are_____________(9) a situation. In upside-down families, when parents_____________(10) from the rules they set, children become very insecure, anxious, and out of control. They don’t_____________(11) to protect them. IN order to_____________(12) and keep control, parents should act in accordance with the following tips: First,_____________(13). Parents cannot guide a child and seek his or her approval of their decision_____________(14) . Don’t say, “It’s time for bed. OK?” Instead, say, “It’s time for bed, kids.” http://tr.hjenglish.com/

　　Second, don’t_____________(15) and then change them. It’s very important to be consistent. Once you make a rule,_____________(16).

　　Third, pay less attention to your children when_____________(17) is bad and more when it is good. Do not reward bad behavior by giving extra attention to it. Instead, save your attention for when _____________(18).

　　Finally, don’t allow your kids to call you by _____________(19). This removes the authority figure in a child’s life. Children need parents,_____________(20).

　　Part B: Listening Comprehension

　　Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONL ONCE. Now listen care fully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.

　　1. (A) The forthcoming sales conference.

　　(B) Business trips to HongKong and Europe. http://tr.hjenglish.com/

　　(C) The autumn catalogue.

　　(D) The layout of the catalogue.

　　2. (A) 268. (B) 368. (C) 386. (D) 486

　　3. (A) One pound eleven. (B) Two pounds fifty-one

　　(C) The pounds seventy. (D) Three pounds.

　　4. (A) The freight. (B) The time for mailing.

　　(C) The exchange rate. (D) The pounds.

　　5. (A) To wait for a decision made by head office.

　　(B) To have the catalogue printed in Europe.

　　(C) To negotiate the printing costs with the Hongkong printer.

　　(D) To use last year’s catalogue.

　　Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following new.

　　6. (A) To issue a final statement propped by the US.

　　(B) To support a US missile defence plan.

　　(C) To continue consultations with the US on the issue.

　　(D) To review the situation of US military presence in Europe.

　　7. (A) The schedule for government talks on trade between the two countries.

　　(B) A wide but unspecified range of world issues of mutual interest.

　　(C) The US agricultural exports to Japan.

　　(D) Plans to reform Japan’s economy.

　　8. (A) Below 1 per cent. http://tr.hjenglish.com/

　　(B) Around 2.5 per cent.

　　(C) 2.9 per cent.

　　(D) From 4.75 per cent to 4.5 per cent.

　　9. (A) Police blamed the riots mainly on ultra-rightwing nationalists and white power supremacist.

　　(B) The riots were triggered by the general election scheduled for June.

　　(C) The riots occurred in a rundown town of South England.

　　(D) A considerable number of deaths and injuries were reported in local newspaper.

　　10.(A) Three people on a village lane.

　　(B) A bridge built to commemorate the Olympics.

　　(C) Several vehicles on a surburban highway.

　　(D) A building near a police station.

　　Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.

　　11. (A) A politician. (B) A leader of industry.

　　(C) A trade union official. (D) A radio presenter.

　　12. (A) Around one million. (B) Between two and three million.

　　(C) About five million. (D) Ten million. http://tr.hjenglish.com/

　　13. (A)To announce the current national and international new.

　　(B) To present famous people to the audience.

　　(C) To introduce recorded items and to do live interviews.

　　(D) To organize the programme and to broadcast music.

　　14. (A) Politicians are often teased a bit too much in the programme.

　　(B) This is a live television interview programme.

　　(C) The progrmme lasts on and a half hours each day.

　　(D) Interviewees are usually allowed to say what they want to say.

　　15. (A) 6:00 am. (B) 6:30 am. (C) 4:00 pm. (D) 5:00pm.

　　Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk..

　　16. (A) The growing affluence of people in general.

　　(B) The climatic trends which are difficult to predict.

　　(C) The record levels of sunshine in recent years.

　　(D) The fairly conservative projections they have made.

　　17. (A) Sales through supermarkets have dropped slightly.

　　(B) Sales through salons remain steady. http://tr.hjenglish.com/

　　(C) Sales through department stores are rising rapidly.

　　(D) Sales through chemists have decreased sharply.

　　18. (A) A steady rise in the proportion of spending used in press advertising.

　　(B) A significant increase in sales.

　　(C) An improvement of their turnover.

　　(D) A reduction in the advertising budget.

　　19. (A) Under twenty. (B) 21-to-30.

　　(C) 31-to-45 (D) 50-plus.

　　20. (A) Sun protection creams and lotions. (B) After-sun preparations.

　　(C) New green and cruelty-free brands. (D) Toiletry products.

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