職稱英語綜合B閱讀理解真題及答案

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2015年職稱英語綜合B閱讀理解真題及答案

　　以下內(nèi)容是2015年職稱英語綜合B考試的補(bǔ)全短文和閱讀理解部分的真題，供廣大考生參考使用。

2015年職稱英語綜合B閱讀理解真題及答案

　　補(bǔ)全短文

　　Saving a City's Public Art

　　Avoiding traffic jams in Los Angeles may be impossible,but the city's colorful freeway murals(壁畫)can brighten even the worst commute.Paintings that depict(描述)famous people and historical scenes cover office buildings and freeway walls all across the city.With a collection of more than 2,000 murals,Los Angeles is the unofficial mural capital of the world.

　　But the combination of graffiti(涂鴉),pollution,and hot sun has left many L.A.murals in terrible condition._____(46)In the past,experts say,little attention was given to caring for public art.Artists were even expected to maintain their own works,not an easy task with cars racing by along the freeway.

　　_____(47)The work started in 2003.So far,16 walls have been selected,and more may be added later.

　　Until about 1960,public murals in Los Angeles were rare.But in the 1960s and 1970s,young L.A.artists began to study early 20th-century Mexican mural painting._____(48)

　　The most famous mural in the city is Judith Baca's"The Great Wall,"a 13-foot-high(4-meter-high)painting that runs for half a mile (0.8 kilometer)in North Hollywood,_____(49)it took eight years to complete—400 underprivileged teenagers painted the designs—and is probably the longest mural in the world.

　　One of the murals that will be restored now is Kent Twitchell's"Seventh Street Altarpiece."which he painted for the Los Angeles Olympics in 1984._____ (50)Twitchell said,"It was meant as a kind of gateway through which the traveler to L.A.must drive.The open hands represent peace."

　　Artists often call murals the people's art.Along a busy freeway or hidden in a quiet neighborhood,murals can reach people who would never pay money to see fine art in a museum,"Murals give a voice to the silent majority,"said one artist.

　　A.The city trying to stop the spread of graffiti,has painted over some of the murals complete.

　　B.This striking work depicts two people facing each other on opposite sides of the freeway near downtown Los Angeles.

　　C.Artists like murals because they like the work of Mexican artists.

　　D.Now the city is beginning a huge project to restore the city's murals.

　　E.The mural represents the history of ethnic groups in California.

　　F.Soon,their murals became a symbol of the city's cultural expressions and a showcase for L.A.'s cultural diversity.

　　閱讀理解

　　篇一：Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?

　　When people argue about whether coffee is good for health,they're usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker.Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However,coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways,too.

　　Traditionally,coffee bushes were planted under the canopy(樹冠)of taller indigenous(土生土長的)trees.However,more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees.At first,this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there aren't any trees.With increased production come increased profits.

　　Unfortunately,deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local-wildlife habitat.Native birds nest and hide from predators(捕食者)in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.

　　Furthermore,in the long term,the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee.The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant,but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die.The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well,and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.

　　Fortunately,farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade.We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as "shade grown" and "bird friendly." Sure,these varieties might cost a little more.But we're paying for the health of the birds,the land,ourselves,and the planet.I think it's worth it.

　　閱讀理解Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee

　　31、What is the main idea of this passage?

　　A.Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee

　　B.Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.

　　C.People should buy shade-grown coffee.

　　D.Shade-grown coffee is more expensive than sun-grown coffee.

　　參考答案：A

　　32、The function of the word"traditionally"in Paragraph 2 is to show

　　A.the positive effects of coffee.

　　B.a change of coffee growth.

　　C.how coffee production used to be.

　　D.something that is most important.

　　參考答案：B

　　33、What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?

　　A.More insects.

　　B.Better quantity coffee.

　　C.larger farms.

　　D.Higher profits.

　　參考答案：D

　　34、How do farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?

　　A.They buy more land from other farmers.

　　B.They move to another country.

　　C.they cut down trees.

　　D.They turn grassland to farmland

　　參考答案：C

　　35、The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPT

　　A.insects

　　B.birds

　　C.humans

　　D.air

　　參考答案：D

　　篇二：Washoe Learned American Sign Language

　　An animal that influenced scientific thought has died.A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington.Washoe had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.

　　Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report.The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words.For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat.She could request foods like apples and bananas.She also asked questions like,"Who is coming to play?" Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research.The whole direction of primate research changed.

　　However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now,there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes.Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners.He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington.There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.

　　Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoer provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees.Today,there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps.Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.

　　Debate continues about chimps understanding of human communication.Yet,one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

　　36.The Gardners'experiment with Washoe

　　A.bengan in 1969.

　　B.won a big prize.

　　C.lasted three years

　　D.influenced primate research.

　　The Gardners'experiment with Washoe_____.

　　A.began in 1969.

　　B.won a big prize.

　　C.lasted three years

　　D.influenced primate research

　　37.The second paragraph mainly discusses _____.

　　A.a report about Washoe's progress in learning sign language.

　　B.the whole direction of primate research.

　　C.new primate researches conducted by many language scientific.

　　D.an experiment with Washoe at a research center in Africa.

　　38.The Gardners'experiment with Washoe was criticized because _____.

　　A.just ask some simple question.

　　B.only copy teachers'sign language.

　　C.only memorize about 250 words.

　　D.just repeat short sentences.

　　39.According to the passage ，which of the following is true?

　　A.Roger Fouts taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees.

　　B.Washoe was the first chim to use American Sign Language.

　　C.A chimpanzee died of natural causes in Africa at a research center.

　　D.Nowadays there are still lots of scientists experimenting with chimpanzees.

　　40.We can draw a conclusion from the last paragraph that _____.

　　A.whether chimps can learn a human language remains unanswer.

　　B.primates have the ability to speak a language.

　　C.animals can's learn a human sign.

　　D.Washoe is as intelligent as humans.

　　篇三：Moderate Earthquake Strikes England

　　A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007,toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds.Several thousand people were left without power in Kent County.One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries.

　　"It felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride," said the woman.

　　The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude quake struck at 8:19 a.m.and was centered under the English Channel,about 8.5 miles south of Dover and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel.

　　Witnesses said cracks appeared in walls and chimneys collapsed across the county.Residents said the tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15 seconds.

　　"I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up from bed next to me." said Hendrick van Eck,27,of Canterbury about 60 miles southeast of London."I then heard the sound of cracking,and it was getting heavier and heavier.It felt as if someone was at the end of my bed hopping up and down."

　　There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year,but they are rare in Britain.The April 28 quake was the strongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4.8-magnitude quake struck the central England city of Birmingham.

　　The country's strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in 1931,measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale.British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had seen several of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain,including one in 1580 that caused damage m London and was felt in France.Musson predicted that it was only a matter of time before another earthquake struck this part of England.However,people should not be scared too much by this prediction,Musson said,as the modern earthquake warning system of Britain should be able to detect a forthcoming quake and announce it several hours before it takes place.This would allow time for people to evacuate and reduce damage to the minimum.

　　41.The biggest earthquake took place in Britain

　　A.in 1931

　　B.in 1580

　　C.in 2002

　　D.in 2007

　　參考答案：A

　　42.THe word"collapsed"in Paragraph 4 most probably means

　　A.fell apart

　　B.flew off

　　C.shook up

　　D.blew out

　　參考答案：A