英語(yǔ)中的商務(wù)流行語(yǔ)
1.at one’s wits end 智窮計(jì)盡
wit的意思是“穎悟力,智力,理解力”。該習(xí)語(yǔ)的意思是“處在智力的末端”,意即“智窮計(jì)盡”了。例如:I’m at my wit’s end with this problem. 我對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題真是束手無(wú)策。
A: I am at my wits’ end. 我已經(jīng)智窮計(jì)盡了
B: What’s the matter? 怎么啦?
2.at sixes and sevens 亂七八糟;意見(jiàn)不一
該習(xí)語(yǔ)一般認(rèn)為源于擲色子,原為賭博行話。據(jù)說(shuō)在中世紀(jì)時(shí),色子面上的最高點(diǎn)數(shù)是7,如想求得13點(diǎn),即一個(gè)色子6點(diǎn),一個(gè)色子7點(diǎn),這談何容易,只有那些心煩意亂或處于思想混亂狀態(tài)下的人才會(huì)下此賭注,一試賭贏。該習(xí)語(yǔ)最初表示“漫不經(jīng)心地下賭注”,后來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)而表示“心煩意亂”,最后又引申出“亂七八糟”、“意見(jiàn)不一”等意思。喬叟在愛(ài)情長(zhǎng)詩(shī)《特羅勒斯和克麗西德》中使用過(guò)該習(xí)語(yǔ)。
A: You have loused up the whole business; it’s at sixes and sevens. 整個(gè)買賣讓你弄得亂七八糟。
B: The dice is cast. It’s incurable. 一切都成了定局,沒(méi)救了。
3.back to square one 退回起點(diǎn);從頭再來(lái)
該習(xí)語(yǔ)源自擲色子游戲。當(dāng)擲出某個(gè)特定的號(hào)碼時(shí)要受罰,于是還要重新再擲。該習(xí)語(yǔ)即指“無(wú)所進(jìn)展,退回起點(diǎn)”,進(jìn)而“從頭再來(lái)”。例如:I’m back to square one with the work.(我的工作又得從頭做起。)
A: Have you finished designing that office building? 那座辦公樓設(shè)計(jì)好了嗎?
B: We are back to square one now. 我們正在重新設(shè)計(jì)。
4.back to the drawing board 從頭開(kāi)始,失敗后另起爐灶
drawing board指“畫(huà)板”。該習(xí)語(yǔ)直議為“(退)回到畫(huà)板前”,引申為“從頭開(kāi)始。失敗后另起爐灶”。
A: How is Jim recently? 吉姆近況如何?
B: Very well. Since he was back to the drawing board, he’s been very successful. 非常好。自從他失敗以后另起爐灶,就一直很成功。
5.ballpark figure 近似數(shù),大致正確的估計(jì)
ballpark一詞本指“棒球場(chǎng)”,引申為“活動(dòng)領(lǐng)域”,在此為形容詞,表示“大致正確的,八九不離十的”。此類常用短語(yǔ)還有in the right ballpark“大致正確,差不多”。 Ballpark figure 指大致不錯(cuò)的近似數(shù)。
A: What price is this building? 這棟樓的成本是多少?
B: It’s $1,00,000, just a ballpark figure. 一百萬(wàn)美元,這只是個(gè)大概數(shù)。
6.bang for the buck 貨真價(jià)實(shí)
buck在美國(guó)俚語(yǔ)中是“美元”的意思。有這樣一個(gè)短語(yǔ),bigger bang for a buck,它的意思是“花錢取得更大效果”。Bang原是表示巨大聲響的擬聲詞,這里引申為“效果”。
A: Listen! It’s mid-summer now. What do we need them for? 嘿,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是仲夏了,我們要這些東西干什么?
B: They may come in handy. Besides, these items can be true bang for the buck. 會(huì)有用得著它們的時(shí)候,再說(shuō)這些東西是貨真價(jià)實(shí)的呀。
7.be brassed off doing 厭煩干… ,對(duì) … 滿腹牢騷
brass作名詞指“黃銅”,作動(dòng)詞指“鍍黃銅于 … ”,而brassed off是俚語(yǔ),意思是“厭煩,不滿,牢騷滿腹”。
A: I am awfully sorry that I have kept you waiting. 真是很抱歉讓您久等了。
B: To tell you the truth, I am really brassed off waiting. 說(shuō)實(shí)話,我最討厭等人。
8.be catty 愛(ài)搬弄是非的;愛(ài)誹謗人的
英語(yǔ)中,cat給人的聯(lián)想總是不太愉快,如cattish的意思是“狡猾的、惡意的、偷偷摸摸的”。cat在英語(yǔ)中可用來(lái)指“惡意傷人的女人,包藏禍心的女人”,因此catty就有了誹謗的含義。
A: I thought you would cooperate. 我原以為你會(huì)跟我合作呢。
B: Well, I’m too busy to be catty and poke my nose into things that do not matter much to me. 我可不愿意搬弄是非去管那些跟我沒(méi)關(guān)系的閑事。
9.be down in the dumps 垂頭喪氣,神情沮喪
the dumps在非正規(guī)的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)方式中的意思是“憂郁”或“沮喪”。be down in the dumps常指“悶悶不樂(lè)”或“打不起精神”,也可引申為“垂頭喪氣,精神沮喪”。
A: You’re down in the dumps. What’s happened? 你看上去沮喪不堪。出什么事了?
B: I had a quarrel with our boss’s secretary. She’s been on her high horse these days. 我和老板的'秘書(shū)吵了一架。這幾天她總是盛氣凌人。
10.be in a jam 陷入困境
jam指“擁擠,阻塞”。該習(xí)語(yǔ)的字母意思為“在擁擠之中”,引申為“陷入困難的處境”。例如:She is in a bit of jam about money. (她的手頭有點(diǎn)拮據(jù)。)
A: Mike told me that his business was in a jam and he was in urgent need of money. He wanted to borrow some money from me. 邁克告訴我他的生意陷入困境,急需用錢。他想向我借錢。
B: Don’t lend money to him. He’s always lying. 別借錢給他。他總是說(shuō)慌。
11.be in full swing 正在全力進(jìn)行,處于活躍階段
in full swing的意思是“活躍”。該習(xí)語(yǔ)的意思即引申為“處于(工作的)全面展開(kāi)、進(jìn)行階段”。例如:The building project is in full swing.(這個(gè)建筑工程正處在全力進(jìn)行之中。)
A: I hear your company in expanding its business. 我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你們公司正在擴(kuò)展生意。
B: Yeah. We’re setting up a new factory now and the work on it is in full swing. The project will be completed in three months. 是的,我們正在新建一個(gè)工廠。工程正處于全面施工階段,三個(gè)月內(nèi)就可以完工了。
12.be in high gear 全力進(jìn)行
gear指“齒輪,傳動(dòng)裝置”,high gear的意思是汽車的“高速檔”。該習(xí)語(yǔ)字面意思為“機(jī)器正處在高速檔(快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn))”,實(shí)際指“事物正處在全力進(jìn)行當(dāng)中”。
A: By the way, how is your business going? Is it proceeding smoothly? 哎,你的生意最近如何?進(jìn)展還順利嗎?
B: Yes, it’s in high gear. 一切都在全力進(jìn)行。
13.be itching for a chance to do 很想找個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)試一試
形容詞itching的意思是“渴望的”,be itching to do意為“渴望做某事”;for a chance指“找機(jī)會(huì)”,因此整個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)的意思即為“渴望得到機(jī)會(huì)試做某事”。
A: I am itching for a chance to cooperate with Mike. I hear he’s a very competent person. 我很想找機(jī)會(huì)和邁克合作一次。聽(tīng)說(shuō)他特別能干。
B: Everyone who has worked with him will have a deep impression on that point. 是的。每個(gè)和他一起工作的人都對(duì)此深有體會(huì)。
14.be of one mind 意見(jiàn)一致,看法相同
mind可指“頭腦,心神”。該習(xí)語(yǔ)直譯為“一個(gè)腦子想出的問(wèn)題”,由此可以引申為“意見(jiàn)統(tǒng)一、看法相同”的意思。
A: What do the board think about this plan? 董事會(huì)對(duì)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃怎么看?
B: They are of one mind in passing it. 他們一致通過(guò)。
15.be on a gravy train 走運(yùn),有賺錢的機(jī)會(huì)
gravy在美國(guó)口語(yǔ)中有“容易賺得的利潤(rùn)”的意思,gravy train意即“輕易發(fā)大財(cái)?shù)墓ぷ?rdquo;。該習(xí)語(yǔ)直譯為“在一輛容易賺錢的火車上”,所以引申為“走運(yùn),有賺錢的機(jī)會(huì)”。
A: John seems to be on the gravy train these days. 約翰最近看起來(lái)很走運(yùn)。
B: Yeah. He got a chance of going abroad to arrange an exhibition. 是啊。他得到了一個(gè)出國(guó)去辦展覽的機(jī)會(huì)。
16.be on cloud nine 高興得飄飄然
該習(xí)語(yǔ)原為美國(guó)氣象用語(yǔ)。該習(xí)語(yǔ)的流行據(jù)說(shuō)應(yīng)歸功于50年代播放的一個(gè)名叫《約翰尼·多拉爾》的廣播節(jié)目。Be on cloud nine的字面意思是“坐早九重云霄之上”,引申為“高興得不得了”或“飄飄然”。例如:He was on cloud nine after winning the competition. (他在比賽勝利后欣喜若狂。)
A: You seem to be on cloud nine these days. How is your restaurant business? 你近來(lái)有些高興得飄飄然。餐館的生意怎么樣?
B: How is my business? It’s none of your business! 我的生意怎么樣?這不關(guān)你的事。
17.be on pins and needles 坐立不安
pins指“大頭針”,needles指“針”,be on pins and needles的字面意思是“如坐在大頭針和針上”,喻為“坐臥不安”或“如坐針氈”。
A: It seems you’re on pins and needles today. Anything troubling you? 你今天似乎坐立不安。有什么事嗎?
B: Yeah. I don’t know why bad things keep happening to me. You see, my car was stolen and the warehouse had been broken into. I can’t put my finger on the causes of this damned thing. 是的。我不知道壞事為什么總是找上我。你看,我的汽車被偷了,貨倉(cāng)也被盜了。我弄不明白怎么會(huì)發(fā)生這些倒霉事。
18.be over the hump 已度過(guò)難關(guān)
hump的本義是“小丘,山脈”,over the hump直譯為“越過(guò)山脈”,引申為“度過(guò)難關(guān)”。
A: The Asian financial crises have almost paralyzed Asian economy. 亞洲金融危機(jī)幾乎使亞洲經(jīng)濟(jì)癱瘓。
B: Your company must be influenced by it deeply. 你們的公司肯定也很受影響吧
19.be saddled with 把任務(wù)或責(zé)任強(qiáng)加在某人身上
saddle在這兒作動(dòng)詞,意為“使負(fù)擔(dān),強(qiáng)加”,saddle sb. with sth. 意為“為某人負(fù)重?fù)?dān)”,因此該習(xí)語(yǔ)意為“把任務(wù)強(qiáng)加予某人”。例如:I can’t be saddled with any more responsibilities.(我再也不能承擔(dān)更多的任務(wù)了。)
A: How is George recently? 最近喬治怎么樣?
B: Not very good. I hear that he is saddled with debts of his company. 不太好。我聽(tīng)說(shuō)他的公司現(xiàn)在債務(wù)纏身。
20.be short of hands 缺乏人手,人手不夠
short作表語(yǔ)時(shí)指“某物不夠,缺乏某物”的意思,常與介詞of搭配使用,既短語(yǔ)be short of something。
A: You look worried about something. What’s the matter? 你好像很著急,怎么了?
B: My computer isn’t working and I have got an important contract to type. 我的電腦壞了,可我還有一份重要合同要打出來(lái)。
21.be supposed to 認(rèn)為應(yīng)該,必須;認(rèn)為可以
此語(yǔ)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示“被許多人相信”,如:The castle is supposed to be haunted.(人們都說(shuō)那座城堡鬧鬼。)此語(yǔ)在口語(yǔ)中表示“認(rèn)為可以做某事”,如:None of us girls is supposed to smoke.(我們女孩子都不吸煙。)此語(yǔ)中的supposed是動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式,supposed作為形容詞,意指“假定的,被信以為真的,想象中的”。
A: The train was supposed to get to Beijing at eight o’clock. 火車該八點(diǎn)鐘到北京。
B: Eight o’clock? It’s already eight-thirty. 八點(diǎn)?現(xiàn)在都八點(diǎn)半了。
22.be too quick on the trigger 操之過(guò)急,行動(dòng)過(guò)于倉(cāng)促
trigger指槍的“扳機(jī),觸發(fā)器”。該習(xí)語(yǔ)直譯為“過(guò)早地扣動(dòng)扳機(jī)”,引申為“行動(dòng)過(guò)于倉(cāng)促,操之過(guò)急”。
A: You shouldn’t have had Bob do that job. He is still a green hand. 你不該讓鮑勃做那項(xiàng)工作,他畢竟還是一個(gè)新手。
B: But he needs to be given a chance. 但是他也需要機(jī)會(huì)呀!
23.bear down 加倍努力
該習(xí)語(yǔ)本身就有“竭盡全力、加緊努力”的意思。例如:You will bear down if you expect to pass the exam. (你要是指望考試及格的話,就得加一把勁。)
A: If we can’t finish the work before deadline, we will be fined according to the contract. 如果我們不能在規(guī)定的期限內(nèi)完成工作,根據(jù)合同,我們將會(huì)被罰款。
B: We are already bearing down to do the work. 我們已經(jīng)在很努力地工作了。
24.beat someone at his own game 將計(jì)就計(jì)地懲罰某人
習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)beat someone at his own game直譯為“以某人自己設(shè)計(jì)的把戲打擊某人”,與漢語(yǔ)的“將計(jì)就計(jì)”近似
A: You seem to be worried about something. 你看上去很擔(dān)心。
B: Yeah. I don’t know how to deal with that smart businessman. 是呀。我不知道該怎么對(duì)付那個(gè)狡猾的商人。
25.be of two minds 拿不定主意
be of two minds和be in two minds的意思基本相同,均表示“左右搖擺”或“拿不定主意,下不了決心”。例如:Don’t depend on him to decide. He always seems to be of two minds on important matters.(別指望他能做出決定。在重要事情上他好像總拿不定主意。)
A: Are you ready to take the plunge and pound the pavements for new one? 你是否準(zhǔn)備大膽采取措施,排除障礙,重新再來(lái)?
B: I’m still of two minds. But I do seem to like to quit my present job. 我依然猶疑不決。我確實(shí)想放棄現(xiàn)在的工作。
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